S19159, a modulator of neurite outgrowth produced by the ascomycete Preussia aemulans. II. Structure elucidation.
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Ascomycota↗
Biomedical subjects
T Hanada
Publications and source records attributed to T Hanada.
S19159, a modulator of neurite outgrowth produced by the ascomycete Preussia aemulans. I. Producing strain, fermentation, isolation and biological activity.
A modulator of neurite outgrowth, designated S19159, was isolated from the fermentation broth of fungal strain 19159. This fungus was identified as the loculoascomycete, Preussia aemulans (Rehm) von Arx. In the presence of S19159, the number of neurites extending from the cell bodies of cerebral cortical neurons was markedly reduced. The effect of S19159 was observed specifically in neurons from the central nervous system. The compound exhibited similar activities on cultured cortical, hippocampal and cerebeller neurons but was without detectable effect on dorsal root ganglion neurons and PC12 cells.
Animals↗
[Mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse associated with epidermolysis bullosa: case report].
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has been associated with several connective tissue disorders, including Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum. We present a case of MVP in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa. The authors are aware of only one previously reported case of this association. A 49-year-old man with a history of epidermolysis bullosa since childhood was admitted to our institution due to dyspnea on effort. On general examination he was observed to have alopecia, deformities in his nails, and fusions of his fingers. Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the presence of MVP. In addition, coronary angiography showed three-vessel disease. Mitral valve replacement (ATS valve 25 mm) and coronary artery bypass grafting (left internal thoracic artery-LAD) were performed. The resected mitral valve (anterior leaflet) contained the area of the myxomatous lesion histologically. The pathological mechanism of epidermolysis bullosa is thought to be the destruction of collagen fibers due to increased levels of enzyme collagenase. Therefore there may be a common cause of MVP and epidermolysis bullosa based upon an abnormality of collagen metabolism.
Coronary Artery Bypass↗
[A case of traumatic lung cyst].
Traumatic lung cyst is an uncommon lung injury due to closed chest trauma. A 5-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital after being run over by motor vehicle. Computed tomography of the chest demonstrated multiple cystic lesions. This case was diagnosed as traumatic lung cysts. Computed tomography taken 37 days after initial injury showed complete resolution of the cysts. Computed tomography was useful in diagnosing traumatic lung cyst and following its clinical course.
Accidents, Traffic↗
[Clinical study of synchronous double cancers of the lung and digestive tract].
Among 64 cases of surgically resected primary lung cancer from 1991 to 1997, there were 5 cases of synchronous double cancers of the lung and digestive tract. They were consisted of 4 males and 1 female and the patient age at the time of the lung resection ranged from 65 to 81 years (average: 74.6). One male was diagnosed as having lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) along with sigmoid colon cancer (adenocarcinoma) and others were lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) and gastric cancer (adenocarcinoma). In two patients with early gastric cancer, lobectomies were performed following endoscopic resection of gastric cancer. In three patients including two old man and woman (over 80 years old), lobectomies and gastrectomies (or sigmoidectomy) were performed at the same time. We omitted mediastinal lymph nodes dissections in two old patients and no operative complications occurred. All patients are alive now. It can be concluded that in cases of synchronous double cancers of the lung and digestive tract, we must select the best treatment that is not invasive for the patient and that simultaneous operation for double cancer can be safely performed.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Human homologue of the Drosophila discs large tumor suppressor binds to p56lck tyrosine kinase and Shaker type Kv1.3 potassium channel in T lymphocytes.
Human homologue of the Drosophila discs large tumor suppressor protein (hDlg) belongs to a newly discovered family of proteins termed MAGUKs that appear to have structural as well as signaling functions. Consistent with the multi-domain organization of MAGUKs, hDlg consists of three copies of the PDZ (PSD-95/Discs large/zO-1) domain, an SH3 motif, and a guanylate kinase-like domain. In addition, the hDlg contains an amino-terminal proline-rich domain that is absent in other MAGUKs. To explore the role of hDlg in cell signaling pathways, we used human T lymphocytes as a model system to investigate interaction of hDlg with known tyrosine kinases. In human T lymphocyte cell lines, binding properties of hDlg were studied by immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and immune complex kinase assays. Our results show that protein tyrosine kinase activity is associated with the immunoprecipitates of hDlg. Immunoblotting experiments revealed that the immunoprecipitates of hDlg contain p56lck, a member of the Src family of tyrosine kinases. The specificity of the interaction is demonstrated by the lack of p59fyn tyrosine kinase and phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase in the hDlg immunoprecipitates. Direct interaction between hDlg and p56lck is demonstrated using glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins of hDlg and recombinant p56lck expressed in the baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells. The p56lck binding site was localized within the amino-terminal segment of hDlg containing proline-rich domain. In addition, we show in vivo association of hDlg with Kv1.3 channel, which was expressed in T lymphocytes as an epitope-tagged protein using a vaccinia virus expression system. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence of a direct interaction between hDlg and p56lck tyrosine kinase and suggest a novel function of hDlg in coupling tyrosine kinase and voltage-gated potassium channel in T lymphocytes.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
Influences of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the recovery of cardiac and renal functions after preservation in hyperlipidemic rats.
BACKGROUND: The effects of a soybean oil diet and a high-cholesterol oil (HC) diet, and an HC diet with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation, on basal and postpreservative cardiac function of the hearts and on postpreservative renal function of the kidneys from older rats were examined. METHODS: Groups 1 through 4 of 100-week-old rats were fed either soybean oil, HC, HC with EPA, or HC with DHA, respectively, for 12 weeks. Blood was collected for analysis of plasma fatty acids, and the heart and left kidney were removed from the rat. In experiment 1, the heart was perfused on a Langendorff apparatus. After evaluation of the cardiac function of each rat, the heart was stored in histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution for 8 hr at 4 degrees C. The heart was reperfused and the recovery of cardiac function was evaluated. The coronary perfusate during reperfusion was collected to measure 6-keto prostaglandin F1alpha and thromboxane B2. Coronary flow (CF) perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate (KHB) solution containing 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and nitroglycerin were evaluated in the Langendorff mode with atrial pacing (330 beats/min). In experiment 2, the excised left kidney was immediately flushed and preserved with University of Wisconsin solution for 8 hr at 4 degrees C. The kidney was then reperfused with KHB solution and renal function was evaluated. RESULTS: The plasma and cardiac EPA levels in group 3 were significantly higher than the levels found in the other groups. The plasma and cardiac ratios of EPA to arachidonic acid were significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 than in groups 1 and 2. There were no significant differences in basal cardiac function among any of the diet-fed rats. The percentage values of the recovery of aortic flow, cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular max dp/dt in group 3 and CO in group 4 were significantly higher than in group 2. In addition, the recovery of CF in group 3 tended to be higher than in group 2 (P=0.07). The percentage values of the recovery of aortic flow, CF, CO, and left ventricular max dp/dt in group 1 were significantly lower than in the other dietary groups. CF reperfused with KHB solution containing 5-HT was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. CF reperfused with KHB solution containing 5-HT was significantly higher in group 4 than in group 1. CF reperfused with KHB solution containing nitroglycerin in group 3 tended to be higher than in groups 1 and 2 (P=0.07). The thromboxame B2 concentrations in the coronary perfusate during reperfusion in groups 3 and 4 were significantly lower than in groups 1 and 2. Fractional sodium reabsorption in group 3 was significantly higher than in group 2. Inulin clearance in groups 3 and 4 was significantly higher than in group 1. The postpreservative urinary flow in group 3 was significantly higher than in groups 1 and 2. The urinary flow was significantly higher in group 4 than in group 1. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that EPA administration may attenuate preservation and reperfusion injury and improve the recovery of cardiac and renal functions in hyperlipidemic and older rats. DHA administration may also show beneficial effects on kidney preservation in hyperlipidemic rats.
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
Topoisomerase II alpha content and topoisomerase II catalytic activity cannot explain drug sensitivities to topoisomerase II inhibitors in lung cancer cell lines.
PURPOSE: Topoisomerase II alpha content, topoisomerase II catalytic activity and drug sensitivities to the topoisomerase II inhibitors, doxorubicin and etoposide, were examined in a panel of 14 unselected human lung cancer cell lines in order to determine the relationship between topoisomerase II and drug sensitivities to the topoisomerase II inhibitors. METHODS: Drug sensitivities were determined using a microculture tetrazolium assay. The topoisomerase II alpha levels were determined by Western blot analysis and the topoisomerase II catalytic activity was determined using a decatenation assay of kinetoplast DNA, using nuclear protein from cells of each cell line. RESULTS: Drug sensitivity tests revealed that small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines were more sensitive to drugs than non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The relative topoisomerase II alpha levels and relative topoisomerase II catalytic activity from SCLC cell lines (mean +/- SD 0.89 +/- 0.54 and 5.3 +/- 3.4, respectively) were slightly higher than those from NSCLC cell lines (0.78 +/- 0.56 and 4.0 +/- 2.8, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant, and not sufficient to account for the variation in drug sensitivities. Moreover, no clear association was observed between the topoisomerase II alpha levels or the topoisomerase II catalytic activity and drug sensitivities in the cell lines studied. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the difference in drug sensitivities to doxorubicin and etoposide in human lung cancer cell lines might not be explainable by the topoisomerase II alpha levels and topoisomerase II catalytic activity. Moreover, our results suggest that the topoisomerase II alpha levels and topoisomerase II catalytic activity may play a minor role in the determination of clinical drug resistance of human lung cancers.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Antithrombotic effects of endocardial endothelial cells-comparison with coronary artery endothelial cells.
The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-platelet properties of endocardial endothelial cells (EECs) by measuring platelet aggregation after a brief incubation with cultured EECs. EECs were isolated from the right ventricles of porcine hearts and coronary artery endothelial cells (C-ECs) were also isolated from the same animals. After brief incubations (2-min) of platelet suspensions with cultured EEC and CEC monolayers, platelet aggregation in response to thrombin and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (a stable metabolite of PGI2) content of platelet suspensions were measured. Platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited by a brief incubation of platelet suspensions with EEC and C-ECs monolayers. Pretreatment of EECs and C-ECs with indomethacin (5 x 10(-5) M) restored platelet activity, but pretreatment with N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 5 x 10(-5) M) or hemoglobin (1 x 10(-6) M) did not. Platelet/EEC interactions multiplicatively increased the 6-keto-PGF1 alpha content of platelet suspensions and the 6-keto-PGF1 alpha content of platelet suspensions after incubations with EECs correlated significantly with the inhibition of platelet aggregation. Both the anti-aggregation properties and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production were significantly greater in EECs than in C-ECs. A brief incubation (2-min) with PDGF (10 ng/ml) or TGF-beta (1 and 10 ng/ml) stimulated 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production in EECs but not in C-ECs, although these growth factors stimulated 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production in C-ECs after a longer incubation time (30 or 60 min). In this study, after a brief incubation (2-min) with platelet suspensions, EECs inhibited platelet aggregation mainly through the release of PGI2 but not EDRF. As this anti-aggregation property was significantly greater in EECs than in C-ECs, it is suggested that endocardial endothelial PGI2 may inhibit both intracardiac and intracoronary artery thrombus formation, contributing to the prevention of myocardial ischemia.
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
Long-term follow-up (8 to 17 years) after thromboexclusion operation for thoracic aortic aneurysms.
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the thromboexclusion operation is a good method for managing certain difficult thoracic aortic aneurysms. METHODS: Forty-four patients underwent graft replacement (group 1) and 14, the thromboexclusion operation (group 2). We reviewed the long-term results of the thromboexclusion operation and compared them with those of graft replacement in our institutions. RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate in groups 1 and 2 was 29.5% (13 patients) and 35.7% (4 patients), respectively. In group 1, the one late death (2.3%) was due to heart failure and in group 2, three of the four late deaths (28.6%) were due to rupture of the excluded thoracic aorta, and one late death was due to heart failure. Long-term follow-up was possible for 23 patients in group 1 and 5 patients in group 2. Survival 3 years after operation was significantly better in group 1 than in group 2 (p < 0.05). Long-term follow-up with blood pressure measurements, chest roentgenograms, electrocardiograms, and echocardiograms showed no significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative findings. However, in group 2, left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension, which had not been present preoperatively, were found in all of the patients. Also, 1 patient has had persistent hemoptysis. CONCLUSIONS: The thromboexclusion operation has introduced unanticipated problems that were recognized at long-term follow-up.
Adult↗
Tubulogenesis by microvascular endothelial cells is mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in renal cell carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumour angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of VEGF was examined in tissue samples from 25 patients with RCC using the reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cellular localization of VEGF was studied in normal kidney and RCC tissues. Tube formation by human omental microvascular endothelial (HOME) cells co-cultured with A498 RCC cells was quantified in a three-dimensional collagen gel using computer-image analysis. RESULTS: RT-PCR detected VEGF m-RNA in tissue from 20 of 25 patients with RCC. An immunohistochemical study revealed that VEGF was primarily localized in the cytosol of normal renal tubule cells and RCC cells. Tube formation by HOME cells was increased in the presence of A498 cells overexpressing VEGF mRNA, induced by exogenous VEGF in a dose-dependent manner and completely inhibited by an anti-VEGF antibody. CONCLUSION: VEGF, which is produced and released from RCC cells, may elicit tumour angiogenesis by inducing microvessel tubulogenesis in patients with RCC. The co-culture system may be useful for screening inhibitors of tumour angiogenesis in RCC.
Blotting, Northern↗
Three approaches for laparoscopic unroofing of simple and complicated renal cysts.
We report 2 cases of simple renal cysts which were marsupialized with 2 laparoscopic approaches involving either transperitoneal, with reflection of the colon medially or dissection through the mesocolon, and a case of a multilocular renal cyst which was treated by the retroperitoneal approach. Although laparoscopic unroofing of a renal cyst is a safe and effective alternative to open surgical techniques, the transperitoneal approach should only be used for simple renal cysts. The retroperitoneal approach for complicated renal cysts may be indicated if preoperative examinations exclude the possibility of malignancy.
Aged↗
Induction of tubulogenesis of microvascular endothelial cells by basic fibroblast growth factor from human SN12C renal cancer cells.
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined b-FGF expression in 25 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We measured the tube formation by human omental microvascular endothelial (HOME) cells induced by b-FGF in a three-dimensional collagen gel in the absence or presence of SN12C human renal cancer cells by means of computer-image analysis. RESULTS: RT-PCR analysis detected b-FGF m-RNA in 20 (80%) of 25 patients with RCC. The tube formation of HOME cells was increased in the presence of SN12C cells overexpressing b-FGF mRNA, induced by exogenous b-FGF in a dose dependent manner and completely inhibited by anti-b-FGF antibody. CONCLUSIONS: Basic-FGF may develop tumor angiogenesis by inducing microvessel tubulogenesis in patients with RCC.
Adult↗
Clinical significance of multi-drug resistance associated protein and P-glycoprotein in patients with bladder cancer.
PURPOSE: The clinical significance of multi-drug resistant proteins, such as multi-drug resistance associated protein and P-glycoprotein, in terms of prognostic value was determined in patients with bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of multi-drug resistance associated protein and P-glycoprotein was investigated immunohistochemically before and after chemotherapy. The relationship between expression of these multi-drug resistant proteins and clinical outcome assessed by tumor recurrence rate, cystectomy rate and 5-year survival rate was also investigated in 33 patients with bladder cancer. RESULTS: Before chemotherapy multi-drug resistance associated protein expression was observed in 1 of 28 patients (4%) while P-glycoprotein expression was observed in 22 of 33 (67%). Multi-drug resistance associated protein induction by chemotherapy was observed in 6 of 28 patients (21%), whereas P-glycoprotein induction was noted in 4 (14%). Multi-drug resistance associated protein in this disease is induced more frequently by high dose (more than 300 mg.) than low dose (less than 300 mg.) anthracyclines (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed co-expression of multi-drug resistance associated protein and P-glycoprotein in 5 of 28 patients (18%) after chemotherapy. However, there was no significant correlation between positive P-glycoprotein expression before chemotherapy and clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-drug resistance associated protein as well as P-glycoprotein mediated multi-drug resistance may be induced after chemotherapy for bladder tumors. However, the presence of P-glycoprotein before chemotherapy does not predict clinical outcome in patients with bladder cancer.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
[A case report of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and graft replacement of the ascending aorta for coronary artery disease associated with dissection of the ascending aorta].
A 64-year-old woman waiting for CABG for triple coronary artery disease admitted to our hospital due to chest oppression. One week after the admission, pericardiotomy was performed and blood in the pericardial effusion was found. Emergent chest CT scan revealed dissection of the ascending aorta (DeBakey II) with occluded false lumen. Because her condition was stable, concomitant operation of graft replacement of the ascending aorta and triple coronary artery bypass grafting were performed 3 months after the medical therapy. Her postoperative course was uneventful and the patient remains asymptomatic.
Aortic Dissection↗
[Tricuspid valve replacement for infectious endocarditis associated with ventricular septal defect--report of three cases].
We reported two male and one female patient (17, 36 and 47 years old, respectively) who presented infectious endocarditis (IE) in association with ventricular septal defect (VSD). In all cases, surgical treatment was performed in the acute stage of IE for persistent sepsis, pulmonary embolisms, and for giant vegetations. Because the tricuspid valve apparatus was severely damaged, valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprosthesis was done and small VSD was directly closed in all cases. In one case, a complete heart block occurred, which necessitated postoperative implantation of a permanent pacemaker. All patients recovered and resumed their original social activities without the relapse of endocarditis.
Adolescent↗
A rare case of nasal schwannoma with intracranial extension.
A rare case--only the fourth as known--of a nasal schwannoma with intracranial extension is presented. A 28-year-old Japanese man complained of right nasal obstruction and bleeding for one year. A biopsy indicated the presence of a nasal schwannoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated intracranial extension of the tumour. The patient underwent surgery with a combined intra- and extracranial approach. Reconstruction was performed using pericranial flaps. Surgical management of this tumour is also described.
Adult↗
Purification and characterization of a 15 kDa protein (p15) produced by Helicosporium that exhibits distinct effects on neurite outgrowth from cortical neurons and PC12 cells.
We have found that a 15 kDa protein (p15) produced by a fungus of Helicosporium genus induced characteristic morphological changes on neurites extending from rat cerebral cortex neurons in culture. In the presence of p15, neurite elongation from cortical neurons was markedly inhibited, and they extended short, slender, and less branched neurites. Laminin-induced promotion of neurite outgrowth was also dramatically suppressed. In contrast, p15 promoted nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells, although treatment of cells with p15 alone had little effect. Partial amino acid sequence analysis of p15 revealed that it had limited homology to plant lectins. These results suggest that the mechanism of neurite outgrowth was considerably different between cortical neurons and PC12 cells and that p15 modulated neurite outgrowth in cell type-specific manners.
Amino Acid Sequence↗