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Biomedical subjects

T Hashizume

Publications and source records attributed to T Hashizume.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The rate of degradation of myofibrillar proteins of skeletal muscle in broiler and layer chickens estimated by N tau-methylhistidine in excreta.

After N tau-methylhistidine (N tau-MH) distribution among the various organs or the tissues was determined in male broiler chickens of 15 d of age, the rates of degradation of myofibrillar proteins in male layer and broiler chickens at different stages of growth were determined by means of N tau-MH. About 75 and 8% of the total N tau-MH in the tissues occurred respectively in skeletal muscle and stomach, and most of the remainder in the intestine and the skin. The rates of degradation of myofibrillar proteins in the male layer and broiler chickens of 21, 42 and 63 d of age were calculated to be 6.1, 4.5 and 2.4%/d (layer) and 5.0, 2.8 and 0.9%/d (broiler) respectively. These calculations involve the assumption that 80% of the total excreted N tau-MH was derived from skeletal muscle. The results strongly indicate that the rapid growth of the broiler chicken is facilitated by the reduced rate of protein degradation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Changes in duodenal mucosal blood flow and mucus glycoprotein content during cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration in rats.

The effects of cysteamine on duodenal mucosal blood flow and duodenal glycoprotein were studied during the development of duodenal ulceration in conscious rats. Cysteamine at an ulcerogenic dose (300 mg/kg s.c.) produced a remarkable decrease of duodenal mucosal blood flow which preceded the appearance of duodenal ulcers. The reduced blood flow was followed by a significant decrease of tissue levels of glycoprotein which also occurred prior to the time when duodenal injury had reached a maximum. Cysteamine was without significant effect on the rate of incorporation of 3H-glucosamine into duodenal glycoprotein at concentrations up to 10(-3) M. These results suggest that the reduction in duodenal mucosal blood flow in response to cysteamine could possibly contribute to a decrease of duodenal glycoprotein and that both may be at least in part responsible for the incidence of duodeno-ulcerogenecity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The affinity of imipenem (N-formimidoylthienamycin) for the penicillin-binding proteins of Staphylococcus aureus--binding and release.

Penicillin-binding proteins 1, 2 and 3 in Staphylococcus aureus were found to possess common properties. All have very strong affinities for both benzylpenicillin and imipenem (N-formimidoylthienamycin), and all have an activity which releases bound imipenem, but not bound benzylpenicillin. Lower molecular weight penicillin-binding protein 4, which has a rather weak affinity for benzylpenicillin and also weak penicillinase activity showed an extraordinarily high affinity for imipenem but no antibiotic-releasing activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Studies on the mechanism of action of imipenem (N-formimidoylthienamycin) in vitro: binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and inhibition of enzyme activities due to the PBPs in E. coli.

The binding affinities of imipenem (N- formimidoylthienamycin ) to penicillin-binding proteins ( PBSs ) of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined by two different methods in which competition with [14C]benzylpenicillin for the binding sites was measured. By both methods imipenem was shown to have very high binding affinities to PBPs-2 and -4 in E. coli and P. aeruginosa, and appreciable affinities to most of their other major PBPs. But higher concentrations of imipenem were required for binding to the PBPs-3 in these bacteria. More direct information about the antibacterial activity of imipenem was obtained by measuring its inhibition of the peptidoglycan-synthetic enzyme activities of E. coli PBPs. The results of enzyme inhibitions were compatible with those obtained in binding experiments. The antibiotic inhibited the transpeptidase activities of PBPs-1A, -1B and -2, and the D-alanine carboxypeptidase activities of PBPs-4 and -5. The antibiotic also seemed to cause strong inhibition of the transglycosylase activity of PBP-1A by some unknown mechanism. It inhibited the transpeptidase activity of PBP-3 only weakly, which is consistent with the findings that it had low binding affinity to PBP-3 and did not inhibit septum formation by the cells.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1984

The importance of delayed imaging in the study of hepatoma with a new hepatobiliary agent.

Concentration of Tc-99m(Sn)-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan (Tc-99m PMT), a biliary agent, in hepatic tumors was studied with delayed hepatobiliary imaging in 23 patients with histologically verified hepatocellular carcinomas. All 23 showed filling defects on liver images obtained with Tc-99m tin colloid. In the images taken 5 hr after Tc-99m PMT injection, ten cases showed increased uptake in the carcinoma, six nearly normal uptake, and seven decreased uptake. In those showing the increased uptake of Tc-99m PMT in the tumor, the ratio of the radioactivity in the lesion to that in the adjacent liver parenchyma (T/L ratio) increased progressively with time for 5 hr after injection. These results indicate that delayed Tc-99m PMT images, obtained 5 hr after injection, are useful in assessment of uptake of the radioactivity by hepatocellular carcinoma.

Biliary Tract↗
PubMed1984

Dulcerozine-induced duodenal ulcers in rats: a simple, highly-reliable model for evaluating anti-ulcer agents.

Dulcerozine-induced duodenal ulcers in rats were studied in order to establish the optimum conditions for a routine production of ulcers and to elucidate their possible pathogenesis. Single doses of dulcerozine administered either subcutaneously or orally produced a dose-related duodenal ulceration in rats. The ulcerogenic effect of dulcerozine was most potent when given subcutaneously to 24-hr fasted animals at 300 mg/kg. At this dose, deep or perforating ulcers were consistently produced within 18 hr, but mortality due to general toxicity of the agent was excluded at least up to 48 hr. Feeding of animals resulted in a significant reduction in susceptibility to dulcerozine. An antacid and antisecretory agents prevented dulcerozine-induced duodenal ulceration in a dose-dependent manner. Either pylorus ligation or vagotomy completely inhibited duodenal ulceration in response to dulcerozine. In addition, an ulcerogenic dose (300 mg/kg s.c.) of dulcerozine evoked a sustained gastric hypersecretion in pylorus ligated rats. These results suggest that a stimulating action on gastric secretion may be, at least in part, responsible for the ulcerogenic property of dulcerozine. The present study provides a new reliable model for investigations of the pathogenesis and therapy of duodenal ulcer disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Quantitative gait evaluation of hip diseases using principal component analysis.

The measurement of five gait parameters, namely, joint angular displacement of lower extremities, floor reaction forces, trajectory for a point of force application, temporal factor and distance factor has been performed with ease and high speed using mini-computer on-line real-time processing. Gait data of 211 patients with hip diseases was normalized, quantified and summarized by the principal component analysis. A 'gait evaluation plane' was formed according to the results obtained by the principal component analysis. The gait evaluation using the plane was compared with clinical conditions of patients, and it was evident that this system can evaluate the recovery of the gait by treatment.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

Relationship between adenylate cytokinin production and Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

To know whether the tumor-inducing plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens carries genetic information of the biosynthesis of cytokinins, the levels of 6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl-amino)purine (iPAde) and its 4-hydroxy derivative trans-zeatin (trans-Z) and its p-beta-D-ribofuranoside (trans-ZR) produced in media by wild-type virulent strain, plasmid-cured avirulent strain and the deletion mutant were compared. The highest levels of iPAde and trans-Z were found in the culture filtrate of late-log phase growth of plasmid-containing virulent strain, then the levels of iPAde and trans-Z were reduced rapidly at stationary phase. The plasmid-cured avirulent strain and deletion mutant had low levels of iPAde and trans-Z throughout the growth. Results obtained here showed Ti plasmid plays an important role in cytokinin biosynthesis.

Adenine↗
PubMed1982

Spasmolytic agents. 2. 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-2-naphthylamine derivatives.

N-[(Benzoyloxy)alkyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthylamine derivatives were synthesized from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthylamines and evaluated for their spasmolytic. Some of these compounds showed a nerve-selective effect on colon rather than stomach in anesthetized dogs and were found to be equal to or more active than the reference drug (mebeverine). The biological data have indicated some structure-activity relationships. Among these compounds, N-ethyl-N-[6-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]hexyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methoxy-2- napththylamine hydrochloride (63) was found to be the most active spasmolytic agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Mass survey of gastric cancer and leukemia in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.

A little more than 20,000 examinees of x-ray mass survey of gastric cancer and the controls were followed up from 1960 to 1977. Cumulative doses of x-rays were calculated for each examinee, and a collective dose in person-year-rads was constructed. Incidence of leukemia was ascertained from Miyagi Prefectural Cancer Registry. Seven cases of leukemia were found out of 242,689 person-year-rads in the irradiated population, and 9 cases out of 273,344 person-years in the controls. Incidence rate in the two groups was identical. Therefore, the risk of this mass survey was disproved.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mass spectrometric determination of cytokinins in the top of tobacco plants using deuterium-labeled standards.

Penta-deuterated zeatin, ribosylzeatin, and glucosylzeatin were prepared by the condensation of 6-chloropurine, 9-beta-D-ribosyl- and 9-beta-D-glucosyl-6-chloropurine, and 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenylamine-d5 derived from acetone-d6. The deuterium contents of these compounds were approximately 96%. Zeatin, ribosylzeatin, N6-isopentenyladenosine and 2-methylthio-ribosylzeatin in the top of tobacco plants were quantitated by mass spectrometry using deuterium-labeled standards.

Cytokinins↗