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Biomedical subjects

T Hassan

Publications and source records attributed to T Hassan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gastrointestinal and hepatic effects of Amanita phalloides ingestion.

Three residents of New Jersey suddenly developed vomiting, abdominal pain, and watery diarrhea 12 h after ingesting five to 13 hand-picked Amanita phalloides-type mushrooms. The group was led by an amateur mycologist who had been eating hand-picked mushrooms without complications for 20 years. The patients developed mild to severe acute hepatic injury, with a peak serum aspartate aminotransferase level ranging from 133 to 826 Karmen U/L, and a peak serum alanine amino-transferase level ranging from 163 to 1176 Karmen U/L. One of the patients developed a transient severe coagulopathy, but no one developed renal failure or hepatic coma, and all rapidly improved. These three cases demonstrate that mycetismus can occur in the heavily urbanized northeastern United States, that consuming hand-picked mushrooms even under the guidance of an experienced amateur may be dangerous, and that Amanita phalloides ingestion produces a biphasic illness with early gastrointestinal symptoms and subsequent hepatic injury.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1992

Gastrointestinal obstruction due to Mycobacterium avium intracellulare associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had complete or incomplete gastrointestinal obstruction resulting from infection with Mycobacterium avium intracellulare. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of the obstruction in the three cases were ileal volvulus due to adhesions from matted infected mesenteric lymph nodes, ileal intussusception due to engorged infected ileal mucosa, and small bowel displacement and compression by massively enlarged infected intraabdominal lymph nodes. These reports extend the clinical manifestations of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection in patients with AIDS to include partial and complete gastrointestinal obstruction.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

The activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in goats treated orally with the latex of Calotropis procera and the influence of dieldrin pretreatment.

The effects of oral administration of different doses of the latex of Calotropis procera on the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver, kidneys and duodenal mucosa of Nubian goats were investigated. Lesions and changes in total plasma protein concentration and in the activities of plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD), glutamate dehydrogenase (GD) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were studied. The daily oral administration of the latex at dose rates of 0.4 and 0.8 ml per kg for 7 days resulted in a significant inhibition of the activity of aniline 4-hydroxylase. No signfiicant effects on the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase and UDP-glucuronyltransferase were observed. A single oral dose of 1.2 or 1.6 ml per kg killed goats within 7 h and resulted in increased activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase and aniline 4-hydroxylase. UDP-glucuronyltransferase was found to be insensitive to tissue injury induced by the latex of C. procera. There were no pathological changes in goats given 10 mg per kg of dieldrin alone or in those pretreated with dieldrin and given the latex at a dose rate of 1.2 ml per kg 14 days later. Dieldrin pretreatment resulted in the induction of the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver, kidneys and duodenal mucosa and it may have protected goats from the lethal effects of the latex.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of antipyrine and sulphadimidine (sulfamethazine) in camels, sheep and goats.

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine and sulphadimidine were studied in male camels, sheep and goats. The two drugs were administered concomitantly. Following intravenous injection of antipyrine (25 mg/kg) and sulphadimidine (sulfamethazine) (100 mg/kg), the pharmacokinetics of the two drugs were adequately described by a one-compartment model. Antipyrine half-life in goats (2.58 h) was shorter than that in sheep (4.04 h) and camels (18.78 h). The plasma clearance was greatest in goats then sheep and then camels. For sulphadimidine, a significantly greater volume of distribution was observed in camels and the greatest plasma clearance and shortest half-life were reported in goats. Sulphadimidine half-life was 2.77 h in goats, 4.72 h in sheep and 7.36 h in camels. The present results suggest that goats have the fastest elimination of these drugs from the circulation, followed by sheep and then camels.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Guillain-Barré syndrome mistaken for brain stem death.

A case of acute severe polyneuropathy in a previously healthy 45 year old male is presented. At the height of his illness the clinical picture was mistakenly interpreted as brain death. Spontaneous recovery occurred.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Association of a pheochromocytoma and a homolateral clear cell renal carcinoma].

A 61 years old man had a clear cell type carcinoma of the right kidney and a small asymptomatic homolateral adrenal pheochromocytoma. A von Hippel-Lindau disease suggested by this association was not confirmed in this case. However the measurement of plasma and urinary catecholamines, VMA and Iodine 131 MIBG (meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine) scans are usefull in case of clinical doubt in patients with renal adenocarcinoma. This observation and others in medical literature demonstrate the interest of resection of adrenal glands during a nephrectomy for adenocarcinoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Fibronectin does not enhance epidermal growth factor-mediated acceleration of corneal epithelial wound closure.

Concomitant use of epidermal growth factor and fibronectin for the treatment of corneal epithelial wounds has a putative advantage of promoting complementary aspects of wound healing: epidermal growth factor enhances mitosis, while fibronectin increases cell-to-substrate adhesiveness and possibly cell motility. To determine if the combination of epidermal growth factor and fibronectin is synergistic in accelerating the speed of corneal epithelial wound coverage, epithelial wound closure rates were compared in serum-free rat corneal organ cultures among epidermal growth factor alone, fibronectin alone, their combination, and drug-free controls. Epidermal growth factor (50 to 1000 ng/mL) significantly increased the rate of wound closure over that of the drug-free controls, while fibronectin (50 to 100 micrograms/mL) had not significant effect. Wound closure rates with combined epidermal growth factor and fibronectin were no faster than with epidermal growth factor alone. The results indicate that fibronectin does not accelerate the rate of corneal epithelial migration when used alone or in combination with epidermal growth factor. This may reflect that the major role of fibronectin may be in the enhancement of cell-to-substrate adhesion and not of migration per se.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Anthelmintic activity of praziquantel on Raillietina tetragona in chickens.

Praziquantel was tested against mature (17-day-old) and immature (7-day-old) Raillietina tetragona in experimentally infected chickens using single oral doses of 10, 7.5, 5, or 2.5 mg/kg body wt. The compound showed potent anticestodal activity, with 100% efficacy at 10, 7.5, and 5 mg/kg against immature worms and an efficacy of 100% 97.1%, and 95% against mature worms when given at 10, 5, and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Residual worms surviving drug treatment had less biomass than the controls. Praziquantel appears to be well tolerated by chickens, and treated birds showed no clinical reactions at any of the doses tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

EGF does not enhance corneal epithelial cell motility.

Although it is well known that epidermal growth factor (EGF) accelerates corneal epithelial wound healing by stimulating mitosis, it is also believed that EGF may directly stimulate the motility of individual corneal epithelial cells. We employed three different experimental methods to determine if EGF does indeed enhance the motility of corneal epithelial cells (independent of mitotic effects). First, the effects of EGF on the motility of tissue-cultured rat and rabbit corneal epithelial cells were investigated by a Boyden chamber assay. In rat corneal epithelium, these effects were further investigated by a second method, the agarose drop assay. Both assay techniques demonstrated no increase in corneal epithelial cell motility in the presence of EGF. These findings were corroborated by a third method which consisted of measuring the closure rate of epithelial wounds in organ-cultured rat corneas in the presence and absence of EGF, while concurrently arresting mitosis with colchicine. The wound closure rate before addition of any drug was 0.46 +/- 0.03 mm2/hr. The wound closure rate with EGF (50 ng/ml) was 0.55 +/- 0.03 mm2/hr, significantly (P less than 0.005) more rapid than the drug-free controls. However, when EGF (50 ng/ml) and colchicine (40 micrograms/ml) were used simultaneously, the acceleration of wound closure by EGF was completely negated by the presence of colchicine, resulting in a wound closure rate (0.46 +/- 0.06 mm2/hr) that did not differ significantly (P greater than 0.50) from that of the drug-free control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Some effects of water deprivation on dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) in the Sudan.

1. The effects of dehydration for 10 days and subsequent rehydration for 2 days on some physiological and biochemical parameters were studied in the Dorcas gazelle. 2. At the end of the 10 days of dehydration, feed intake and body weight were decreased by 42 and 29% of the control values, respectively. Rehydration restored most of the loss in feed intake and body weight. 3. Dehydration decreased the water content in the faeces of the gazelles by 41%. Rehydration restored 36% of the lost faecal water. Urine volume in dehydrated animals decreased by 66%, an effect which was readily reversed by rehydration. 4. Blood haemoglobin of dehydrated gazelles decreased by 22% but this effect was not reversed by rehydration for 2 days. 5. Dehydration for 10 days decreased the concentration of serum glucose by 34% and increased that of urea and albumin by 34 and 18%, respectively. Dehydration for 2 days reversed these effects completely. 6. The serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride were increased by dehydration by 23, 44 and 18% respectively. After 2 days of rehydration the values returned to normal. 7. No change in the heart rate, pulse or temperature was found during the dehydration period. 8. The gazelles survived the 10 days of dehydration, although they tended to be drowsy, weak and emaciated during the last 2 days of dehydration. The animals appeared normal after rehydration.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline 4-hydroxylase and UDP-glucuronyltransferase in tissues of camels, desert sheep and Nubian goats.

1. The activities of the drug-metabolizing enzymes, aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline 4-hydroxylase and UDP-glucuronyltransferase have been measured in vitro in the liver, kidney and duodenal mucosa of camels, sheep, goats and rats. 2. Enzyme activities were generally higher in the liver, followed by the duodenal mucosa, then the kidney in all species. 3. Male kids had much lower enzyme activity in the liver when compared to adult goats, and in the former animal, no measurable activity could be detected in the duodenal mucosa or kidney. 4. In general, goats seemed to have the highest and camels the lowest enzyme activity when compared to the other species. 5. Some sex differences were noted in the three enzymes studied. In sheep duodenal mucosa and rat liver and duodenal mucosa, males had higher aminopyrine N-demethylase than females. In rat liver and goat duodenal mucosa males had higher aniline 4-hydroxylase than females. Male rats had higher UDP-glucuronyltransferase in liver when compared to females.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1987

Semen characteristics in furazolidone-treated goats.

Furazolidone was given to male Nubian goats for 5 days at a therapeutic dose of 10 mg/kg or at a dose of 40 mg/kg, and the effect on semen morphology and biochemistry was studied. At the lower dose, furazolidone significantly reduced seminal ejaculate volume, the number of motile spermatozoa per ejaculate and the number of live spermatozoa per ejaculate, while secondary abnormalities increased. At a dose of 40 mg/kg, the same effects were produced and there were significant reductions in wave motion, percentage of motile spermatozoa and percentage of live spermatozoa. Fructose concentration was significantly reduced with both the doses, while citric acid was not affected by either one. Alkaline phosphatase activity was lower with 10 mg/kg of furazolidone and increased when the larger dose was administered.

Animals↗