PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Hayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Hayama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Projection of the inferior dental nerve to the primary somatosensory cortex in rats.

We observed perioral representations in the primary somatosensory cortex in rats to identify the location of the tooth region. Field potentials evoked by stimulation of an inferior dental nerve were mapped on a surface of the cerebral cortex. Stimulation of the nerve bilaterally evoked biphasic (positive-negative) or triphasic (positive-negative-positive) field potentials with contralateral predominance. The focus of the field potentials was located in the rostral region of the lower jaw zone of the somatosensory map, as visualized in a flattened cerebral hemisphere, using cytochrome oxidase histochemistry.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Interstitial pneumonitis possibly due to mitoxantrone.

A 41-year-old patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the accelerated phase was treated with mitoxantrone. She developed pyrexia 7 days after receiving the third administration of mitoxantrone. After 3 more days, she experienced dry cough and dyspnea. Bilateral fine crackles were audible, but no signs of heart failure were found. A chest X-ray film revealed diffuse reticulogranular infiltrates bilaterally. An increase in the prednisolone dosage led to an improvement. Specimens of the bronchoalveolar lavage revealed an increase in CD4-/CD8- lymphocytes. The peripheral lymphocytes also expressed neither CD4 nor CD8. Specimens of a transbronchial lung biopsy disclosed thickening of the alveolar wall with infiltration of lymphoid cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical significance of electroencephalograph in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

The electroencephalograms (EEGs) of 120 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), were evaluated with regard to clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. On the initial 120 records, abnormal EEGs were observed in 109 patients (90.8%). Epileptiform patterns were also observed in 33 patients (27.5%). Diffuse alpha wave, theta wave, and delta wave appeared to be unique findings of basic wave activity in EEGs of SLE patients. Paroxysmal abnormalities of spike and wave complex, spike, and sharp wave were frequently observed. These paroxysmal abnormalities appeared to be easily exaggerated by hyperventilation or sleep. Focal abnormal discharges were also observed. The incidence of abnormal EEGs of the patients with central nervous system involvement (CNS lupus), did not differ from that of non-CNS lupus i.e. 24/30 (80.0%) vs 82/93 (88.2%). On the other hand, regarding the severity of abnormal EEGs, CNS lupus manifested severer findings than those of non-CNS lupus. As to the EEG abnormality, female patients, younger patients less than 30 years old, flared patients, and patients receiving prednisolone more than 30 mg/day had severer EEG findings than those of each counterparts. The patients who had once manifested neuropsychiatric disorders and/or immunologic abnormalities (anti-deoxynucleic acid antibody, anti-DNA antibody), showed severe findings on EEG. Epileptiform patterns were frequently observed in patients receiving lower prednisolone doses (30 mg/day or less), although they did not correlate with disease activity. Patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans or aortitis syndrome, demonstrated only mild abnormalities on EEGs and they had not shown any epileptiform patterns.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Increased soluble CD4 and decreased soluble CD8 molecules in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

PURPOSE: A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for soluble CD4 (sCD4) and soluble CD8 (sCD8) molecules has been developed. We estimated the concentrations of these molecules in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) serving as a control population for non-Sjögren's inflammatory disease, since several findings suggestive of an aberration of immunocompetent cells have been reported in these autoimmune diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 41 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (28 cases of the primary form and 13 cases of the secondary form), 66 patients with SLE, and 43 normal individuals. Serum samples and clinical and laboratory data were collected from each patient and control. Assays of the sCD4 and sCD8 molecules were performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent kit developed by T Cell Science Inc., Cambridge, MA. RESULTS: The concentration of sCD4 was significantly increased in patients with both primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome as compared with that in the control subjects. In contrast, sCD8 was significantly decreased in patients with primary disease but not in patients with secondary disease. A low or high concentration of sCD8 was significantly correlated with the presence of anti-SS-A antibody or hypocomplementemia, respectively. A similar significant correlation was noted between an increased sCD4 concentration and increased serum IgG level. In patients with SLE, the levels of both sCD4 and sCD8 were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: These observations represent the first evidence of an increased level of the sCD4 molecule and a decreased level of the sCD8 molecule and an association with immunologic abnormalities in Sjögren's syndrome. The increased and decreased levels of these soluble molecules observed may play a pathologic role in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Transdermal delivery and intramuscular injection of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine in sucking piglets.

The pharmacokinetics of a combination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulphadiazine (SDZ) after topical application to sucking piglets was compared with the pharmacokinetics after intramuscular injection. A long-lasting and fairly constant SDZ/TMP concentration ratio in plasma was obtained after topical application. The mean plasma concentration of TMP ranged from 0.091 to 0.17 micrograms/ml and that of SDZ from 0.72 to 1.1 micrograms/ml for at least 24 h. TMP and SDZ had different half-lives after intramuscular injection. Transdermal delivery of a combined preparation of TMP/SDZ may be usable for colibacillosis of sucking piglets, although the bioavailability of the drugs is poor.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Questionnaire surveys of cases of tick bite and Lyme borreliosis in hunters in Hokkaido with reference to detection of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody.

An epidemic of Lyme borreliosis on Hokkaido island, Japan, was surveyed by questionnaire in 587 hunters. The 308 returns (52.4%) revealed episodes of tick bite (usually 2 or more) in 210 cases. Skin rashes appeared in 164 cases. Associated itching, pain, etc., but not skin rash, were more frequent after 2 or more tick bite. Previous determinations of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody titers in these subjects and in controls suggested an association with outdoor activities other than hunting, and among 33 cases of dermatological symptoms and 23 of articular symptoms, 4 and 2, respectively, were antibody-positive. Most of these antibody-positive subjects had suffered tick bite at least twice, but had had no antibiotic treatment. Three subjects with joint disorders were antibody-positive. These findings suggested that the many hunters exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi frequently carried latent infections, and that some had latent form of arthritis, dermatitis and other disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Lobenzarit disodium (CCA)--induced diabetes insipidus in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis].

A 44-year-old female with 16-year history of rheumatoid arthritis visited Akiru Hospital with complaints of a thirst, a dry mouth and a general fatigue. One week prior to admission, the patient manifested excessive thirsty feeling, a body weight loss and a sleepless by the polyuria. She has been given 5-10 mg of prednisolone and 240 mg of lobenzarit disodium (CCA) in a day for 11 months. A hematologic examination showed no abnormality, and the examination of her serum showed the following values: BUN, 9.3 mg/dl; creatinine, 0.9 mg/dl; sodium, 139 mEq/l; chloride, 102 mEq/l; potassium, 3.9 mEq/l; osmolality, 290 mOsm/l. Plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level increased slightly (6.0 pg/ml). Examination of her urine revealed specific gravity, 1.005; no trace of glucose, protein, blood and ketones; normal sediment; and osmolality, 209 mOsm/l. The patient was given exogenous ADH (10 units of vasopressin tannate in oil, intramuscularly) to obtain a diagnosis, and she was found to be unable to concentrate her urine more than 1.008 in the specific gravity. A water restriction, as a test for diabetes insipidus, also failed to concentrate her urine in the specific gravity and in the osmolality. Together with these findings, the patient was diagnosed to be a diabetes insipidus, and CCA was seemed to account for the disease. This unfavorable effect of CCA appeared to be reversible, since the patient recovered her urinary concentrating ability after the medication of CCA was discontinued.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Functional T cell subpopulations responsible for hyposecretion of IL-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The ability of T cells to secrete IL-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was investigated. In patients with SLE, impaired IL-2 production by peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with mitogens is well known. In this paper, we report that purified T cells stimulated with mitogens, in the presence of Epstein-Barr virus transformed B cells (B-LCL) as an accessory cell, however, could secrete a large quantity of IL-2 as much as normal T cells. In order to study this potential capacity of T cells to secrete IL-2 in patients with SLE, IL-2 secreting T cells were examined. To obtain these cells, T cells were divided into cluster forming cells and noncluster forming cells after short culture of T cells with accessory cells in the presence of Con A. Then the ability of IL-2 production in two kinds of separated T cells was examined. We found that 1) after short culture with B-LCL, the cluster forming T cells could secrete IL-2 when cultured again, but non-cluster forming T cells could not, even in the presence of B-LCL, 2) after short culture with macrophages, in normal donors and SLE patients, noncluster forming T cells were able to secrete a greater amount of IL-2 than cluster forming and undivided T cells when cultured with B-LCL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Mechanism of calcium ionophore and phorbol ester-induced T-cell activation. Accessory cell requirement for T-cell activation.

We examined the role of monocytes in T-cell activation induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore ionomycin. Depletion of monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was associated with the loss of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and proliferation, in response to either PMA or ionomycin. Addition of monocytes to highly purified T cells resulted in the complete reconstitution of IL-2 production, IL-2R expression and proliferation by PMA-stimulated lymphocytes. Exogenous IL-2, but not interleukin-1 (IL-1), could reconstitute the T-cell responsiveness. Addition of monocytes to highly purified T cells stimulated with ionomycin resulted in partial reconstitution of IL-2 production, IL-2R expression and proliferation. Similarly, the addition of exogenous IL-2 to ionomycin-stimulated T cells only partially reconstituted the response compared with PBMC. These results suggest that monocyte-T-cell interactions contribute to IL-2 production and IL-2R expression and are crucial events for PMA-induced T-cell proliferation. With ionomycin, monocytes play a role, in part, in inducing IL-2 production, IL-2R expression and proliferation. However, IL-2 is not a sufficient signal to induce T-cell proliferative response to ionomycin, suggesting that an IL-2-independent mechanism may exist in ionomycin-induced T-cell proliferation.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1991

Tetrahydrofolic acid as the principal congener of plasma folates in pigs.

Concentrations of pig plasma folates were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD). Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MF) were found to be the plasma folates. The concentration of THF (10.3 +/- 4.3 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that of 5-MF (3.5 +/- 1.0 ng/ml). The sum of the THF and 5-MF concentrations determined by the HPLC-ECD analysis in Göttingen miniature pigs was comparable to the total folate concentration of the same plasma sample determined by a radioligand assay. No or only trace amounts of THF were found in the plasma of the rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, cows, horses, or humans. Although 5-MF is generally recognized as the only principal plasma folate in many species, THF may be the principal congener with 5-MF as a secondary congener in the pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Correlations between IL-2 enhancing activity and clinical parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

In a previous paper (Tomura, K. et al. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1989, 159, 171-183), we discovered IL-2 enhancing factor(s) designated B cell derived-growth enhancing factor-2 (BGEF-2), which enhanced IL-2 dependent cell proliferation, and reported that BGEF-2 was produced by B cells of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) only when they were in the active stage of the disease. In this paper, we studied relationship between each IL-2 enhancing activity from B cell supernatant of the patients with these diseases and clinical parameters. IL-2 enhancing activities did not correlate with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), but correlated with plasma concentrations of gamma-globulin from the patients with RA and SLE in the active stages. IL-2 enhancing activities correlated with hypocomplementemia and leukocytopenia in the patients with SLE, and also correlated with RAHA titer in the patients with RA. Moreover, on several patients with RA or SLE in the active stages, diminution of IL-2 enhancing activity was found when they were in the remission stage after treatments. These findings suggested that IL-2 enhancing activity (i.e., BGEF-2 activity) correlated with activity of these diseases and supported the hypothesis that BGEF-2 played an important role in the polyclonal B cell activation and autoantibody production in patients with these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical enucleation for renal cell carcinoma. A case report].

We present a case of bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma treated with surgical enucleation. Urological consultation was asked to evaluate masses of the kidneys, which were detected during a diagnostic imaging on a 58-year-old man with hepatic disorder. Excretory urograms showed definite bilateral upper pole renal masses. Bilateral selective renal angiograms disclosed neovascularity in the small masses. Surgical enucleation of the left renal tumor by a flank approach was performed. The surgical specimen being 3.5 by 2.5 by 2 cm (29 g) was pseudoencapsulated and was identified renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type, grade 1. INF alpha, pathologically. Seven weeks after, a pseudoencapsulated tumor of 3 by 2.5 by 2 cm (16 g) in the right upper pole was removed by simple enucleation. The pathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type, grade 2, INF alpha. The patient is well without evidence of recurrent or any residual disease at 21 months after the second operation. Renal function remains with in normal limits (CCr 110 ml/min). Of our collected cases of bilateral synchronous renal carcinomas treated by bilateral conservative surgery, clinical data are available for 11. Including our case, a total of 12 cases are reviewed.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1990

Somatotopical organization of the intermediate nucleus of the facial lobe in the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus.

Neurons in the intermediate nucleus of the facial lobe (nIF) in the channel catfish that respond to tactile stimulation of oral and/or extra-oral epithelia are somatotopically arranged. Neurons in rostrodorsal portions of the nIF responded to tactile stimulation or deflection of the ipsilateral barbels, whereas neurons arranged in a dorsoventral direction in caudoventral regions of the nIF had receptive fields on the ipsilateral lips and the oral cavity, respectively. Suppression of neuronal activity in response to tactile stimulation of the external skin and/or the oral cavity was indicated for some units. Taste responses were not observed.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Functional T-cell subset defined by cluster formation with EB virus transformed B-cells.

This study compares functional properties of T-cells capable of forming clusters with EB virus transformed B lymphoblastoid cells (B-LCL) as accessory cells (A-cells). T-cell functional properties examined include T-cell activation, interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and cell proliferation. In addition, functional properties were compared with the presence or absence of surface markers. T-cells were divided into those that formed clusters with the B-LCL (clustered T-cells) and those that failed to form clusters (nonclustered T-cells). Each subpopulation of T-cells was also incubated with B-LCL and Concanavalin A (Con A) to test for changes in proliferative capabilities. Functional studies indicated that IL-2 activity was higher in the culture supernatant fluids from clustered T-cells than nonclustered T-cells. Spontaneous proliferation of clustered T-cells was equivalent to proliferation of clustered T-cells stimulated with Con A or human IL-2. However, weak spontaneous proliferation by non clustered T cells was enhanced after culturing with Con A or human IL-2. The nonclustered T-cells also produced less IL-2 in cultures containing both B-LCL or Con A. Quantification of T-cell surface markers showed that the expression of Tac antigen was greater on the clustered T-cells than on the nonclustered T-cells. These data suggest that functionally different T-cell subsets can be identified and isolated by their capacity to form clusters with B-LCL A-cells.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1990

Oral dosage regimen in the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of sulphadimethoxine in pigs.

An oral high dosage regimen of sulphadimethoxine (SDM) was examined in pigs. The dose (50 mg/kg) in the therapeutic range, showed nonlinear pharmacokinetics, and administered by drench once a day for 4 days. The unbound plasma concentration-time profile was compared with that of the dosage regimen based on nonlinear pharmacokinetics, where a pharmacokinetic model and parameters were used except for the first order absorption rate constant (ka) and bioavailability (F). F and ka were obtained from oral and intravenous administration of 20 and 10 mg/kg of SDM. The unbound plasma concentration was observed almost within the setting range by the dosage regimen through the experimental period. This result suggested that the dosage regimen, based on the nonlinear pharmacokinetic model, resulted in an appropriate effect in the clinical use.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

Use of a chronic ureter cannula in the pig for the determination of renal clearance.

The surgical implantation of chronic ureter cannula to determine the renal clearance was evaluated using 24 pigs. The silicon tubing was surgically implanted into both ureters of each pigs. Two types of thick tubing (the inside diameter 1.0 or 2.5 mm and the outside diameter 4.0 mm) were used for these cannulas. The tubing was exposed out of the pig's body on the flank, on the hypogastric zone near the umbilicus, or near the groin. The following steps were effective to minimize the opportunity of a bacterial infection in the kidney and to maintain the functional integrity of the chronic ureter cannula for as longer period as possible: 1) to use the tubing of larger opening as the ureter cannula, 2) to expose the tubing from the hypogastric zone near the groin, and 3) to apply the disinfectant frequently to the incision sites, cannula outlets and pig's metabolic cage. The oral ingestion of the GGES solution increased the urinary volume, which might in turn have resulted in the effective rinsing of the kidney and the chronic ureter cannula. The cannula served satisfactorily for more than 3 weeks in 13 of the pigs, up to a maximum of 7 weeks. The PSP clearances values were low during the first week of the postoperative period, which may be attributed to surgical stress. The chronic ureter cannula, associated with the postoperative period of more than 1 week, can be recommended for the evaluation of the renal clearance of drugs in the pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Successful high-dose methylprednisolone therapy in a patient with primary myelofibrosis].

We are presenting a patient with primary myelofibrosis who responded to the High-Dose methylprednisolone therapy (1 g/day for 3 days). Three and a half years ago, a 55-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of severe erythroblastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly and "dry tap" of bone marrow aspiration. Bone marrow biopsy revealed a marked fibrosis without any blastoid cell proliferations. Since a thrombocytopenia was progressive and refractory to the ordinary therapy, high-dose methylprednisolone therapy was performed which was followed by an administration of activated vitamin D3. After the therapy, hematologic improvements were achieved within a month (RBC: 284 x 10(4)/microliters----413 x 10(4)/microliters, WBC: 3,000/microliters----11,500/microliters, Plat.: 7,000/microliters----20,000/microliters). Three months after the therapy, the bone marrow biopsy and 113In scintigraphy were performed. These tests also proved marked improvement of histological features of the bone marrow and a decrease of uptake of 113In to the spleen, respectively. The patient continues to be in good condition and he is free from any medications at present time.

Bone Marrow↗