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Biomedical subjects

T Hyodo

Publications and source records attributed to T Hyodo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Scanning and transmission electron-microscopic study of the development of the podocyte in the human fetus.

The metanephric kidneys of seven human fetuses at 11-17 weeks' gestation were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in order to evaluate differentiation of glomerular podocytes. When glomeruli were in the stage of S-shaped bodies, the surface of the visceral epithelium of renal corpuscles was smooth, with indistinct cell borders. As the glomeruli developed, visceral epithelial cells of renal corpuscles became spherical and resembled clusters of grapes in dense aggregation. In this stage, processes and foot processes were simultaneously formed at the base of epithelial cells. As glomeruli further differentiated, visceral epithelial cells of renal corpuscles began to separate from one another and became flat with the development of vascular loops. Processes and foot processes were exposed for the first time in Bowman's space. In this stage, the degree of differentiation of epithelial cells varied widely among various sites of the glomerulus. As glomeruli developed further, projections became more complex and epithelial cells began to show structures similar to those of adult epithelial cells. The adjacent foot processes arose from different cells throughout the period of morphological differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Analysis of urinary red blood cells of healthy individuals by an automated urinary flow cytometer.

A newly developed automated urinary flow cytometer allows clear discrimination of erythrocytes from other solid components of urine. In this study, the normal range of the urinary erythrocyte count and the source of urinary erythrocytes in healthy individuals were investigated using this analyzer. For the diagnosis of the source of the urinary erythrocytes, Kitasato University Kidney Center criteria for this analyzer were applied. The subjects were 133 regularly employed volunteers (age range 20-48 years, mean 30.5) who noted no urinary tract symptoms and showed normal blood pressure, consisting of 41 females not in their menstrual period (age range 20-39 years, mean 24.8) and 92 males (age range 20-48 years, mean 33.1). Mid-stream voided urine was collected from these subjects using urine sampling cups, immediately transferred to 50-ml sterilized Spitz tubes, and analyzed within 30 min using the automated urinary flow cytometer. Urinary erythrocytes were derived from glomeruli in all samples of healthy subjects. The urinary erythrocyte count showed a logarithmic normal distribution. Values 2 SD of the urinary erythrocyte count in healthy individuals or higher were regarded as abnormal, and hematuria was considered to be positive when 11.0/microliter or more erythrocytes were observed by this analyzer. The finding by this analyzer corresponded to the report of Birch et al.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effects of osmotic agents on hyaluronan synthesis in human peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibroblasts.

Hyaluronan (HA) plays an important role in peritoneal tissue remodeling and the inflammatory process. In this study, attention was directed to the effects of various osmotic agents on HA synthesis in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMCs) and fibroblasts (HFBs). Following incubation with growth arrest media for 48 hours, the cells (4 x 10(4)/mL) were incubated for 72 hours in media at various concentrations (50, 100 mmol/L for crystalloid agents and 3.5%, 7% for oncotic agents) of glucose, mannitol, glycerol, sucrose, raffinose, NaCl, combined amino acids, maltodextrin, dextran 70, and hydroxyethylstarch 20. HA synthesis for 72 hours was measured by sandwich-binding protein assay. HMCs synthesized approximately 0.15 ng/cell/72 hours and HFBs 0.09 ng. All crystalloid osmotic agents significantly suppressed HA synthesis by HMCs and HFBs in a concentration-dependent manner. There was no such suppression by any oncotic osmotic agent, which, to the contrary, enhanced the synthesis by 6%-63% in HMCs. In conclusion, HMCs and HFBs may be considered sources of HA in the peritoneal dialysis effluent. Crystalloid osmotic agents suppressed HA synthesis in these cells. Oncotic osmotic agents seem to be less toxic in this regard.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed1996

U-50488H, a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, improves carbon monoxide-induced delayed amnesia in mice.

The effects of trans-(+/-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-[1-pyrrolidinyl] cyclohexyl) benzeneacetamide methanesulfonate salt (U-50488H) on carbon monoxide (CO)-induced amnesia in mice were investigated using spontaneous alternation and step-down type passive avoidance tasks. The lower percentage alternation and shorter median step-down latency in the retention test of the CO-exposed group indicated that memory deficiency occurred in mice when behavioral testing commenced 5-7 days after CO exposure. Administration of U-50488H (0.21 and 0.64 mumol/kg s.c.) 25 min before spontaneous alternation performance or the first training session of the passive avoidance task improved the CO-induced impairment of alternation performance and passive avoidance tasks. To determine whether the effect of U-50488H was mediated via kappa-opioid receptors, we attempted to block its action using a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist (nor-binaltorphimine). Nor-binaltorphimine (5.44 nmol/mouse i.c.v.) blocked the effect of U-50488H on CO-induced delayed amnesia. Furthermore, a low dose of scopolamine (0.41 mumol/kg s.c.) also blocked the ameliorating effect of U-50488H. U-50488H (0.21-2.15 mumol/kg s.c.) did not facilitate the acquisition of memory in normal mice. These results suggest that U-50488H modulates the kappa-opioid receptor-mediated opioid neuronal system and activates the cholinergic neuronal system, and that it ameliorates the disruptive effect of CO on acquisition and/or consolidation of memory.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMed1996

Double cancer of the stomach, one AFP-producing tumor.

In recent years, many cases of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) characterized by increased serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and AFP positivity of the gastric cancer have been reported. Here we present a case of AFPGC coexistent with a different histological type of gastric cancer: The AFPGC was Borrmann type 1 advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver metastasis and appeared to produce both AFP and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II). The second cancer was IIc type early gastric cancer and did not produce AFP. Despite receiving palliative chemotherapy, the patient died, due to hepatic failure, 45 days after admission.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

A case of double fingernail and ectopic fingernail.

Congenital ectopic fingernails are extremely rare and only 22 cases were found in domestic and foreign literature during our investigation. In the 22 ectopic fingernail cases collected, small ectopic fingernails were found along side the normal fingernail (dorsal or palm side), in most cases, and extremely rare double nails, which are as large as normal nails, were found on the palm side opposite the normal fingernail in some cases. We encountered a 4-year-old boy with a double fingernail on the right fifth finger and an ectopic fingernail on the left fifth finger. The nail on the palm side, including the fingernail block and nail matrix, was excised from the right fifth finger and the defect was reconstructed with a palm skin flap.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Diagnostic revolution of microhematuria by real time confocal scanning laser microscope: Hyodo-Iino-Miyagawa method, third report.

The real time confocal scanning laser microscope provides excellent three-dimensional images free of out-of-focus information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the laser microscope for the diagnosis of microhematuria. Characteristics of the test were evaluated in 81 patients with definite causes of hematuria. 30 erythrocytes in urinary sediments were examined for each patient, and those in whom less than 20% of the erythrocytes were poikilocytes were considered to have urological diseases and those in whom 80% or more of the erythrocytes were poikilocytes to have nephritis. According to these criteria, the sensitivity and the specificity of the examination to nephritis were 100 and 98.1%. 91.4% of the patients with urological disease had the nonglomerular type. The time required for the examination was less than 2-5 min in samples containing 1-3 erythrocytes in one field under an ordinary light microscope (x400).

Cell Size↗
PubMed1995

[Detection of glomerular and non-glomerular red blood cells by automated urinary sediment analyzer].

There is increasing interest in the examination of urine sediment to differentiate between glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria. A newly developed automated urinary sediment analyzer was used for this purpose. It clearly recognized red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells, bacteria and crystals by their cell size and fluorescent intensity. Ninety-eight urine samples from 31 glomerular and 67 non-glomerular lesions were analyzed by the analyzer and 69 samples, by light microscopy. According to the analysis of their histograms, a forward scatter (FSC) intensity of less than 126, where 80% of the smaller red blood cells were observed, was diagnosed as glomerular hematuria. A FSC intensity of more than 84, where 80% of the large red blood cells were counted, was non-glomerular hematuria. An FSC intensity between 84 and 126 was considered to be the overlap zone of glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria. The sensitivity for glomerular red blood cells was found to be 100% and specificity, 92.54% by means of flow cytometric analysis. On the other hand, light microscopic analysis yielded 95.83% sensitivity and 93.33% specificity for glomerular lesions. Flow cytometric analysis of the urinary red blood cells was concluded to be a fast, simple and reliable method to differentiate glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of mesothelial cell growth and protein synthesis by heparin.

Heparin, routinely used in peritoneal dialysis, has been found to have various effects, mainly inhibitory. Its infusion into the peritoneal cavity may adversely affect mesothelial cell growth and regeneration. Thus we wished to determine if heparin inhibits mesothelial cell growth and is does-dependent. Rat mesothelial cells were incubated for 3 days and 6 days with 200, 100, 20, 2, and 0.5 U/mL of heparin. Cellular proliferation and protein synthesis were determined by liquid scintillation counting after 24-hour pulses with 3H-thymidine and 3H-leucine. Heparin at 2 and 0.5 U/mL had no significant effect on radionuclide uptake. At 100 U/mL heparin inhibited radionuclide uptake by at least 50%. These findings indicate that heparin in small concentrations may be harmless, but at higher concentrations is inhibitory to mesothelial cell growth and proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Fifteen-year statistics and observation of facial bone fracture.

During the past 15 years, we encountered 1051 facial fractures. The number of patients with facial fractures accounted for 0.76% of the over all outpatients at the ENT clinic of Osaka City University Hospital. There were 496 nasal bone fractures, 111 maxillary fractures, 167 zygomatic fractures, 122 mandibular fractures, and 130 orbital fractures. These types of fractures accounted for 47.2%, 10.6%, 15.9%, 11.6%, and 12.4% of the over or facial fractures, respectively. The ratio of men to women was nearly three to one, with 794 men and 257 women. Among nasal fractures, injury causes were ranked in the order of fighting, sports, and traffic accident. Among facial fractures, injury causes were ranked in the order of the traffic accident, fighting, and falling down.

Adolescent↗