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Biomedical subjects

T I Morozova

Publications and source records attributed to T I Morozova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Production of gamma-interferon by blood mononuclear cells in patients with various types of a tuberculous process].

To elucidate the diagnostic value of gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) in the human body, the gamma-IFN production that was spontaneous and induced by BCG Mycobacterium bovis in the supernatants of short-term cultures of peripheral mononuclear cell from 31 patients with active tuberculosis was studied. The sandwich method of enzyme immunoassay was used, by employing two monoclonal antibodies in the avidin-biotin system. The studies have established the low spontaneous production of gamma-IFN in patients with the severe progressive course of a tuberculous process (22.5 +/- 2.5 pg/ml in Group 1 versus 41.5 +/- 8.6 pg/ml in patients with the favorable course of a tuberculous process (Group 2) and 34.0 +/- 3.5 pg/ml in healthy individuals (Group 3); p(1-2) < 0.05 and p(1-3) < 0.05)). Moreover, there was a reduction in the induced production of gamma-IFH in response to BGC (37.7 +/- 33.4 pg/ml in Group 1 versus 214.9 +/- 81.9 pg/ml in Group 2 and 206.0 +/- 31.1 pg/ml in healthy individuals; p < 0.05 and p(1-3) < 0.001), which is of diagnostic and prognostic values.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Interferon-gamma and IgG antibodies to M. tuberculosis in the serum of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis].

The above parameters in the sera from patients with active tuberculosis (n = 20) and healthy individuals (n = 16) were studied in parallel to examine the relationship and mutual effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IgG antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as their relationship with some clinical and immunological features of tuberculous infection. The relative and absolute counts of CD4 and CD16 cells were additionally measured in these patients' peripheral blood. Patients with active tuberculosis were found to have significantly elevated serum levels of IFN-gamma, IgG antibodies and CD16 cells with the decreased count of CD4 cells as compared with the similar parameters in healthy individuals. There was no relationship of the serum level of IFN-gamma to the clinical features of tuberculosis. The serum level of IFN-gamma is likely to determine the interferonogenic activity of the causative agent itself.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Enzyme immunoassay and immunochromatographic assay in the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and cancer of the respiratory organs].

The informative value of immunodiagnostic assays aimed at identifying specific antibodies in the peripheral blood was studied. Indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (Antitub test system, Moscow) and rapid immunochromatographic assay (TB-CHECK, France) were used. Fifty-six diagnostic patients and 18 healthy individuals were examined. The diagnosis of active tuberculosis was verified in 29 patients (Group 1) and that of lung cancer was in 27 patients (Group 2). The detection rate of and the level of antituberculosis antibodies in patients with active tuberculosis greatly differed from those in patients with lung cancer (p < 0.01). In the diagnostic patients, the sensitivity of enzyme immunoassay was 79.3%, its specificity was 88.9; the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid assay were 72.4 and 96.3%, respectively. The high specificity of the immunochromatographic assay in patients with lung cancer may reduce the number of false-positive results of the enzyme immunoassay. The concurrent use of both methods is an essential adjunct to the clinical examination of diagnostic patients, it makes it possible to reduce the time of pre-examination of cancer patients and to restrict a group of patients who need for invasive studies to specify a diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Experience with using anti-TB preparations (rifabutin)].

The study deals with the first experience of practically using a computer program designed to monitor the treatment process with a subsequent analysis of the efficiency of an anti-TB therapy with regard for different characteristics of patients. The efficiency of chemotherapy was compared (by using the clinical, microbiological and laboratory criteria) in two patients' groups, i.e. a control group (standard chemotherapy regimens) and a group, whose patients received rifabutin. Subgroups were isolated from among the last mentioned patients according to the below factors: primary and secondary therapy courses, completed and interrupted chemotherapy courses, and patients with multidrug resistance who discharged M. tuberculosis. Statistically reliable advantages of rifabutin were shown in respect to the arrest of bacterial discharge during a sufficiently prolonged (at leas 4 months) treatment course applicable to primarily diagnosed patients including those with multidrug resistance and M. tuberculosis. Disadvantages related with the application of rifabutin (a lack of clear-cut indications and abuse of treatment terms virtually in 50% of cases), which reduces the efficiency of its prescription, were equally detected.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Some clinical and immunological aspects of female pulmonary tuberculosis].

Expression of activation markers, such as CD25, HLA-DR), Fas-AG, CD16), on the lymphocytes was studied in female patients with tuberculosis (n = 40) and healthy donors. The level of antituberculous antibodies was measured in parallel in the sera of these patients. The above parameters were examined in relation to the nature of the microflora detected in these patients. Nonspecific co-infection in patients with active tuberculosis is an additional factor of activation of the immune system and simultaneously a factor that enhances the involvement of cells in apoptosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Comparative study of various diagnostic techniques efficiency for tuberculosis].

Thirty-one patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. The efficiencies of modified luminescence microscopy (with superfine iron added), enzyme immunoassay (using two test systems made in Moscow and Saint Petersburg (Russia) and the MycoDot rapid diagnosis (USA) were compared. The highest sensitivity was found in the modified luminescence microscopy (45.2%) and enzyme immunoassay [Moscow test system (48.4%)]. The enzyme immunoassay (Saint Petersburg test system) and Mycodot were noted for its less sensitivity, but its high specificity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[State of anti-infection defense in patients with chronic bronchitis].

Cellular and humoral antiinfection defense, frequency and severity of microbial infection were evaluated in patients with chronic nonobstructive and obstructive bronchitis. Systemic approach and analysis demonstrated that in chronic bronchitis there appeared shifts in cellular and humoral defense, functional dissociation of the above parameters, defects in intra- and intersystem compensation. Thus, in chronic bronchitis antiinfection defense needs immunocorrective therapy which is especially appropriate in bronchial obstruction and persistent infection of peripheral blood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Immunological and nonspecific reactivity in patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis associated with chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

When examined for immunological status, complement, basic endogenic protease blockers parameters, patients with infiltrative destructive tuberculosis of the lungs (IDTL) and IDTL combination with exacerbation of chronic pyo-inflammatory bronchitis, exhibited disturbances in cellular and humoral immunity, complement activity, content of alpha 1 protease inhibitor and alpha 2 macroglobulin which aggravated in combined respiratory pathology. Nonspecific aerosol treatment with native protease inhibitors (contrykal or gordox) and thymalin aroused the efficacy of etiotropic treatment and promoted normalization of the above defense systems.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

[Determination of functional activity of lymphocytes in patients with tuberculosis and in patients of group IIIA of clinic registries by electrophoretic mobility].

The electrophoretic mobility of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 35 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 128 persons clinically cured of tuberculosis, and 30 healthy persons by using an Elphor-VaP-5 apparatus (Germany). This study revealed abnormal lymphocytic functional activity both in patients with tuberculosis and in patients with great residual changes after prior tuberculosis, which was the basis for using of thymic immunomodulators (thymalin or thymogen) in the latters. Immunomodulators improved the tolerance of antirecurrent chemotherapy in persons with IIIA dispensary register group and produced a marked stimulating effect on the functional activity of T and B lymphocytes.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of natural protease inhibitors on hemostasis and serum proteolysis blockers in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Changes in hemostasis and basic serum antiproteases (alpha 1 protease inhibitor--alpha 1-PI and alpha 2-macroglobulin--alpha 2-MG) were followed up in patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in the destruction phase. 65 patients received chemotherapy in combination with contrykal inhalations, 63 patients were given glucocorticoid hormones and prodectin. It was found that natural protease inhibitors produced a marked clinical response, abated more rapidly thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, promoted normalization of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Replacement aerosol therapy with antiprotease agents reestablished the concentration of alpha 1-PI, but had no effect on that of alpha 2-MG. This may contribute to reparative processes in pulmonary tissue which ran without significant signs of sclerosis. The results obtained may be used by clinicians choosing methods of pathogenetic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Complex evaluation of the defense systems in patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis].

Patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis at its degenerative stage were examined for parameters of hemostasis, serum proteolytic inhibitors, immunity status and complement. In doing so, the following changes were detected: simultaneous intensification of plasma coagulability and fibrinolytic properties, sputum-induced increase in fibrinolysis; disproportion in the content of the main protease blockers (higher alpha 1-protease inhibitor and lower alpha 2-macroglobulin); T-lymphocyte deficiency; stimulation of the immunity humoral link; rise in the count of O-lymphocytes and higher concentration of the complement component C3. The correlation between the indices of the examined systems was observed, thus indicating the interdependence of the body defensive factors. The findings can be used in the clinical practice when pathogenetic drugs are chosen.

B-Lymphocytes↗