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T Ibi

Publications and source records attributed to T Ibi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effect of carcass price fluctuations on genetic and economic evaluation of carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle.

The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the effect of changes in carcass market prices due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) occurrences on estimates of genetic parameters and economic weights for carcass traits; and 2) to compare direct and indirect approaches for prediction of genetic merit of Japanese Black cattle for profitability of their progeny. The direct approach utilized estimated breeding values of carcass prices, whereas in the indirect approach, selection indices were constructed as products of economic weights and breeding values of component traits. Data were composed of 80,191 carcass records divided into 5 periods based on changes in carcass prices as a result of occurrences of BSE in Japan and the United States. The periods ranged from a period before occurrence of BSE in Japan to a period of beef import restrictions and a rise in prices. Carcass traits analyzed included HCW, LM area, rib thickness, subcutaneous fat thickness, and marbling score (MS). Price traits included carcass unit price and carcass sale price. Estimates of heritability for price traits were moderate (0.32 to 0.46) and slightly sensitive to changes in carcass market prices. Genetic correlations of HCW and LM area with price traits increased and that between MS and carcass sale price decreased with period, whereas estimates of genetic correlation between MS and carcass unit price were high in all periods (0.96 to 0.98). Economic weights for carcass traits varied with periods because carcass prices were highly sensitive to economic importance of traits. Nevertheless, correlations between within-period breeding values for price traits estimated using direct and indirect approaches were high (0.92 to 0.99). This result indicates that selection realized by direct and indirect approaches will provide very similar results. A comparison among within-approach breeding values estimated in different periods showed that the largest differences in breeding values of sires for price traits were between the periods after occurrences of BSE in Japan and in the United States. Economic effects of BSE occurrences influenced the importance of carcass traits and economic merits of price traits through a change of carcass prices from period to period, irrespective of the approach taken in determining the genetic merit of breeding animals for profitability of their progeny.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Genotype x environment interaction effects on carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle.

The importance of genotype x environment (region or management system) interactions for carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle was investigated using both univariate and multivariate animal models. The univariate approach was used mainly to test the significance of interaction effects. The multivariate approach was used to estimate genetic correlations, which indicated the magnitude of genotype x environment (GE) interactions. The more a genetic correlation deviates from 1, the larger the interaction. From the univariate approach, the addition of genotype x environment (region or management system) interaction (co)variance components resulted in an improved fit of the model for all traits in both cases (P < 0.001). However, estimates of genetic correlation between regions obtained from the multivariate approach for hot carcass weight, LM area, rib thickness, s.c. fat thickness, and marbling score were 0.97, 0.95, 0.93, 0.97, and 0.93, respectively. The corresponding estimates between management systems were 0.84, 0.92, 0.84, 0.90, and 0.97, respectively. These results indicate that GE interaction effects on carcass traits of Japanese Black cattle may be biologically unimportant. Therefore, breeding values obtained using the multivariate method would rank sires similarly in all environments. Consequently, carcass traits measured in these two different regions or management systems can be treated as the same traits.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2004

Progressive myopathy with circulating autoantibody against giantin in the Golgi apparatus.

A woman aged 59 years with adult-onset progressive myopathy had anti-Golgi (giantin) autoantibody in the serum. Limb-muscle biopsy revealed chronic myopathy with paucity of cellular reactions and reduced immunostaining for alpha-dystroglycan. The similarity of the current patient with cases of hereditary alpha-dystroglycanopathies (Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy, Walker-Warburg syndrome, muscle-eye-brain disease, congenital muscular dystrophy type 1C, and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I) suggests that the Golgi apparatus is the target organelle in a subset of myopathies.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed2003

Dysferlin mutations in Japanese Miyoshi myopathy: relationship to phenotype.

OBJECTIVE: To study dysferlin gene mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with Miyoshi myopathy (MM). BACKGROUND: MM is an autosomal recessive distal muscular dystrophy that arises from mutations in the dysferlin gene. This gene is also mutated in families with limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B. METHODS: The authors examined 25 Japanese patients with MM. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral lymphocytes of the patients. The PCR products of each of 55 exons were screened by single strand conformation polymorphism or direct sequencing from the PCR fragments. RESULTS: The authors identified 16 different mutations in 20 patients with MM; 10 were novel. Mutations in Japanese patients are distributed along the entire length of the gene. CONCLUSIONS: Four mutations (C1939G, G3370T, 3746delG, and 4870delT) are relatively more prevalent in this population, accounting for 60% of the mutations in this study. This study revealed that the G3370T mutation was associated with milder forms of MM and the G3510A mutation was associated with a more severe form.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

FGF-20, a novel neurotrophic factor, preferentially expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta of rat brain.

We have isolated cDNA encoding a novel FGF (212 amino acids) from rat brain. Because this is the 20th documented member of the FGF family, we tentatively term it FGF-20. Among FGF family members, FGF-20 is most similar to FGF-9 and FGF-16 (70 and 62% amino acid identity, respectively). Human FGF-20 gene was found in the human genomic sequence mapped to the 8p21.3-p22 region. Human FGF-20 is highly identical to rat FGF-20 (95% amino acid identity). FGF-20 mRNA was preferentially expressed in rat brain among the adult major tissues examined. The localization of FGF-20 mRNA in rat brain was also examined by in situ hybridization. FGF-20 mRNA was preferentially expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta. To examine the biological activity of FGF-20, recombinant rat FGF-20 was produced by insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus containing rat FGF-20 cDNA. Recombinant rat FGF-20 enhanced the survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. The present results indicate that FGF-20 is a novel neurotrophic factor preferentially expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta of rat brain.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[A case of myasthenia gravis following sarcoidosis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis].

Here, we report on an elderly woman with sarcoidosis and Hashimoto's disease who later developed myasthenia gravis. She was 68-year-old with a long history of Hashimoto's disease who had a clinical diagnosis of sarcoidosis with uveritis at the age of 66 years. On laboratory examination, angiotensin-converting enzyme, lysozyme and gamma-globulin were elevated and there was bilateral hilar lymphoadenopathy. She was admitted to our hospital because of left blepharoptosis and mild fatigability in the proximal muscles at the age of 68 years. Myasthenia gravis, type IIa, was confirmed by elevated titer of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody in serum (0.8 nmol/l, normal < 0.6), positive edrophonium test and decremental EMG response. Oral prednisolone therapy was effective. Her muscle biopsy revealed HLA ABC-positive fibers in all fascicles, and HLA-DR positive fibers in the perifascicular areas. Myasthenia gravis complicated by sarcoidosis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis is extremely rare, suggesting that the common underlying immunological abnormalities for the three disorders such as a certain defective cellular immunity are responsible for the pathomechanism to induce the patient condition.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[A case of LGMD2A identified with both western blot analysis and immunostaining of calpain 3 in biopsied muscle].

A 45-year-old housewife had proximal dominant limb muscle weakness from around 25 years of age. Her parents were cousins. None of family members was affected. Progressive muscle weakness and atrophy were prominent at the posterior compartments of legs and trunk. Serum CK was moderately elevated. Muscle pathology revealed variation in fiber size, moderate increase in numbers of internal nuclei and abundant lobulated fibers. On immunostaining using by monoclonal antibody against human calpain 3 (NCL-CALP-2 C4; Novocastra) to the biopsied muscle, calpain 3 was completely absent in the sarcoplasm, while granular debris and in part positive striation were noted in control muscle. By Western blot analysis, a band corresponding to 94 kDa of calpain 3 was not detected. A genetic analysis of calpain 3 revealed homozygous C-565-G mutation (Leu189Val). From the present study. Western blot analysis and immunostaining by using calpain 3 antibody were suggested to be useful to diagnose LGMD2A in LGMD patients.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1998

(R)salsolinol N-methyltransferase activity increases in parkinsonian lymphocytes.

Recently, an endogenous catechol isoquinoline, 1(R),2(N)-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline [N-methyl(R)salsolinol], was proved to be a neurotoxin specific for dopamine neurons by in vivo and in vitro experiments. This N-methyl(R)salsolinol was found to increase significantly in the cerebrospinal fluid of untreated parkinsonian patients, suggesting its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. To clarify the mechanism of the increase, the activity of enzymes related to the metabolism of the neurotoxin was examined in lymphocytes prepared from parkinsonian patients and controls. In patients with Parkinson's disease, the activity of a neutral N-methyltransferase, measured by using (R)salsolinol as a substrate, was found to increase significantly (100.2 +/- 81.8 pmol/min/mg of protein) in comparison with that in controls (18.9 +/- 15.0 pmol/min/mg of protein). The distribution of the activity was bimodal in the parkinsonian patients, whereas it was singular in controls. The activity of other related enzymes, an alkaline N-methyltransferase and N-methyl(R)salsolinol oxidase, in parkinsonian lymphocytes was the same as in controls. Increase of the neutral N-methyltransferase may be an endogenous factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Autosomal dominant hyaline body myopathy presenting as scapuloperoneal syndrome: clinical features and muscle pathology.

Hyaline bodies are rare subsarcolemmal aggregates in type 1 fibers of the skeletal muscle, stain pale pink with hematoxylin-eosin and pale green with the modified Gomori trichrome, and lack reactivity for glycogen and oxidative enzymes. We report clinical findings of autosomal-dominant hyaline body myopathy in seven members in four generations and muscle biopsy findings in two of them. Slowly progressive muscle weakness and atrophy developed with scapuloperoneal distribution; age at onset was from the first to the fifth decade. Muscle biopsy showed subsarcolemmal hyaline bodies in approximately 20% of type 1 fibers. Hyaline bodies showed myofibrillar ATPase activity after acid pre-incubation. Immunohistochemically, they stained intensely with myosin heavy chain (slow), but not with myosin heavy chain (fast). Ultrastructurally, they consisted of granules sometimes in linear array, filaments, and amorphous materials. These findings suggest that hyaline bodies may be products of degeneration of myosin heavy chain (slow).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Clinico-pathological significance of the immunostaining of myosin heavy chain isoforms in pathological human skeletal muscle].

Expression of the four myosin heavy chain isoforms (fast-twitch, slow-twitch, neonatal and embryonal isoforms) was immunohistochemically observed in 500 biopsied limb muscles of neuromuscular disorders. Fast-twitch isoform was expressed in type 2A, 2B and pathologic 2C fibers. Slow-twitch isoform was expressed in type 1 and 2C fibers. Embryonic isoform was expressed in regenerating type 2C fibers of active myopathies such as Duchenne dystrophy and polymyositis. Expression of neonatal isoform, which was longer positive than that of embryonic isoform, was noted in regenerating fibers, denervated fibers and highly atrophic fibers in chronic myopathies of limb-girdle dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy. In conclusion, the immunostaining of MHC isoforms are useful to make a clinico-pathological diagnosis to determine the stages in evolution of regeneration or degeneration of pathologic muscle fiber per se.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Immunohistochemical localization of chymase; a mast cell marker and clinical significance in diseased human skeletal muscle].

UNLABELLED: In the advanced stage of dystrophinopathy, cardiac dysfunction is a serious complication for prognosis. Recently, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which converts angiotensin (A) 1 to A 2, has been reported to be effective for cardiac insufficiency. The A 2 is produced more dominantly in the path via the production of a neutral serine protease, chymase (MW 25,000), secreted from the mast cell. We have observed localization of chymase in diseased human skeletal muscle tissues, and evaluated its clinical significance. The frozen muscle biopsied specimens from 91 neuromuscular disorders (muscular dystrophies, inflammatory myopathies and neurogenic muscular disorders) were stained by using monoclonal antibody against the chymase, and the positive cells in a whole sectional field were counted. In the serial sections, we also performed routine histochemistry and immunostainings of immunological markers (CD4, CD8 and others) as well as the apoptotic proteins for comparison. RESULTS: The chymase-positive mast cells were scattered mainly in the endomysium, partly in the perimysium and around small vessels. Although the positivity was not disease specific, more numerous strongly positive cells were observed in dystrophinopathy and inflammatory myopathies, but less in myotonic dystrophy and neurogenic muscle disorders. In the normal control muscle, however, strongly positive cells appeared less frequently than in the above mentioned diseased muscles. The chymase-positive cells partly corresponded to the ubiquitin-positive ones, but perforin, granzyme A, Fas and Bcl-2 did not. In conclusion, the chymase-positive mast cell may play a primary or secondary role in the diseased muscle, and their more abundant appearance in dystrophinopathy and some other myopathies suggest the effectiveness of an ACE blocker, an anti-chymase drug.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1997

[A mitochondrial DNA mutation in the heteroplasmic tRNA-Tyr gene associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia--clinical and molecular biological study].

Determination of the total mtDNA sequence of a 42 year-old female with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) revealed a heteroplasmic G-to-A transition at nt. 5877 in the tRNA-Tyr gene and a homoplasmic T-to-C transition in the tRNA-Gln gene at 4343. The former mutation was located in a highly conserved nucleotide in the DHU loop. This mutation by restriction enzyme analysis using Ddel was observed only in the blood of her two asymptomatic children and her mother. The tRNA-Gln mutation in the T psi C loop was found in a few controls and in all of her maternal relatives. The cybrid clones including tRNA-Tyr mutation showed decreased oxygen utilization and fragility against oxygen stress. This tRNA-Tyr mutation is tightly associated with CPEO.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lymphatic transport of cholesterol in normocholesterolemic rats treated with pravastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase.

Lymphatic absorption and transport of cholesterol and triacylglycerols were examined in rats treated with pravastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase. Pravastatin-treatment for 1, 7 and 28 days did not affect the recovery of cholesterol and triacylglycerols during 24 h after the lipid administration: the recovery was 52-59% and 82-93% for cholesterol and triacylglycerols, respectively. Rats treated with pravastatin for 28 days had a higher lymphatic recovery of the lipids during 3-6 h after the lipid administration than did control rats. Pravastatin treatment did not affect the ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol in the gut mucosa, the fatty acid composition of the lymph and mucosal lipids. We concluded that an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase would exert no adverse effect on absorption of fat-soluble nutrients by gut.

Animals↗