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Biomedical subjects

T Ibrahim

Publications and source records attributed to T Ibrahim.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Diagnosis of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using magnetic resonance imaging.

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an uncommon variant of non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with low prevalence outside East Asia. A case is reported of a non-Asian (European) 51 year old man with characteristic ECG and morphological changes of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Although the patient underwent catheterisation three years previously because of suggested coronary ischaemic heart disease, apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was not diagnosed. More recently, a regional wall motion abnormality was noticed at the apex on echocardiography. To rule out an ischaemic injury a stress perfusion scintigraphy was performed; no perfusion defect was present but an apical tracer enhancement was noted. Further evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging revealed the pathognomonic "ace of spades" configuration of the left ventricle with systolic obliteration of the apical region, which led to the diagnosis of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed1999

[Magnetic resonance imaging and spiral computed tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of adults with congenital heart and vessel disease].

Management of patients with congenital heart disease requires detailed information on cardiac and great vessel morphology. In previous years the diagnosis and treatment of congenital malformations often depended on cardiac catheterization and in many institutions cardiac catheterization still remains the gold standard against which other modalities are measured. In the past decade, however, imaging methodologies have increasingly shifted toward the use of less invasive and noninvasive techniques. Currently, echocardiography is the initial method of choice in evaluating the anatomy, especially in younger patients. Meanwhile, several newer imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are in use. They offer extremely useful information about abnormalities of the heart and great vessels as well as for the assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. Echo, angiography, MRT and CT should be seen as complementary investigations in adult congenital heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract and the polyacetylene isolated from Bidens pilosa L.

The immunomodulatory effect of the methanolic extract obtained from dried leaves of Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) and the polyacetylene 2-O-beta-D-glucosyltrideca-11 E-en-3,5,7,9-tetrayn-1,2-diol (PA-1) isolated from it was investigated. The extract inhibited the proliferative response in two in vitro models: human lymphocytes stimulated by 5 microg ml(-1) phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or to 100 nM 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) plus 0.15 microM ionomycin and murine lymphocytes stimulated by 5 microg ml(-1) concanavalin A (Con A) or in the mixed leukocyte reaction (IC50 = 12.5 to 25 microg ml(-1)). PA-1 was 10-told more potent than the original extract in blocking both human and murine lymphocyte proliferation (IC50 = 1.25 to 2.5 microg ml(-1)). In mice, the intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of methanolic extract of B. pilosa significantly reduced the size of the popliteal lymph node (PLN) after the inflammation induced by zymosan. One week after the injection of zymosan (150 microg) in the foot pad, PLN weighed 4.6 +/- 0.6 mg in comparison with 0.5 +/- 0.07 mg of the contralateral non-inflamed foot pad. The i.p. treatment with 10 mg extract from day 2 to day 6 after zymosan injection reduced the PLN weight to 1.8 +/- 0.3 mg. The data suggest an immunosuppressive activity of components of B. pilosa that may explain its popularly perceived anti-inflammatory effect.

Acetylene↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative analysis of ventricular late potentials (LP) in healthy subjects. Comparative study with Holter monitoring.

Signal averaging is a technique that improves the signal-to-noise ratio. It allows the detection of low-amplitude wave formes in the terminal portion of the QRS complex, also known as ventricular late potentials. A high incidence of arrhythmic events is found in patients with abnormal ventricular late potentials after an acute myocardial infarction. Few wide studies have been conducted in healthy subjects to assess normal values. One hundred sixty-five healthy subjects are enrolled in our study (59 men and 106 women). The results (mean +/- standard deviation) are as follows: duration of filtered QRS: 89.5 +/- 9.1 ms; duration of the low-amplitude signals in the terminal portion of QRS < 40 microV: 27.1 +/- 7.8 ms; root-mean-square voltage in the last 40 ms: 47.2 +/- 29.5 microV. A signal difference is noted between men and women for the QRS duration. No difference is found in HFD40 and RMS40. QRS duration confidence limits of 95% are < 108 ms for the total group. HFD40 and RMS40 confidence limits of 95% are respectively of 43 ms and 13 microV. There is no significant difference of the values for age. There is no relation between the severity of a ventricular arrhythmia and the values of the three parameters of the late potentials in a healthy subjects population.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Detection of right atrial myxoma by Fourier phase analysis.

The usefulness of radionuclide imaging in the detection of cardiac tumors has been demonstrated previously in left atrial myxomas. We report a case of right sided myxoma successfully diagnosed by radionuclide imaging and evaluated by cine display, Fourier phase analysis and paradox image. These three techniques are now available in many computer programs for gated cardiac blood pool imaging and provide an additional tool for assessing cardiac tumors. Particularly, functional paradox and Fourier phase analysis seem promising tools in the detection of both left and right sided tumors.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the immediate effects of two beta-blocking drugs: a nonselective and a cardioselective with modest ISA in exercise-induced angina.

To compare the effects of two beta-blocking drugs: a nonselective (propranolol) and a cardioselective with modest intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (visacor), 24 patients with stable angina pectoris performed a control exercise (without medication) on a bicycle ergometer (increments of 30 W every 3 min), and thereafter were randomized to receive either propranolol (40 mg t.i.d.) or visacor (200 mg once daily) for a 48-hour double-blind trial. The 2 groups on control exercise were similar with regard to their exercise tolerance: 7.6 +/- 2.3 versus 7.1 +/- 1.4 min (NS) and the behavior of heart rate, systolic, diastolic blood pressure and double product, at rest and during exercise. They exercised on the 2nd day 2 h after the intake of propranolol or visacor. In the 12 patients randomized to propranolol, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressures, double product were significantly reduced at rest, compared with control exercise: 67 +/- 8 versus 81 +/- 10 beats/min (p less than 0.01), 132 +/- 20 versus 146 +/- 21 mm Hg (p less than 0.02), 80 +/- 8 versus 88 +/- 10 mm Hg (p less than 0.02), 8,828 +/- 1,927 versus 11,863 +/- 2,138 mm Hg X min-1 (p less than 0.001), respectively. On the contrary, in the 12 patients randomized to visacor, these parameters at rest were less modified and only heart rate was significantly decreased: 71 +/- 9 versus 81 +/- 11 beats/min (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of physical training on the denervated human heart after orthotopic cardiac transplantation].

Three patients who had undergone an orthotopic cardiac transplantation followed a course of supervised intermittent physical training (60 to 80 per cent of the maximum load) involving three weekly sessions of thirty minutes, for a period of 150 +/- 80 days. During maximal effort, we observed increases of 50 per cent in the load in watts (0.05 less than p less than 0.1), 40 per cent in oxygen consumption (0.1 less than p less than 0.2), 10 per cent in heart rate (p = 0.5) and 21 per cent in systolic blood pressure (0.7 less than p less than 0.8). The respiratory equivalent for oxygen decreased by 21 per cent (0.025 less than p less than 0.05) and the respiratory quotient by 5 per cent (0.4 less than p less than 0.05). For a given submaximal effort (30 watts) the following decreases were observed: 9 per cent in oxygen consumption (V'O2) (0.1 less than p less than 0.2), 32 per cent in the minute ventilation (V'E) (0.05 less than p less than 0.1), 22 per cent in the respiratory equivalent for oxygen (REO2) (0.025 less than p less than 0.05), 8 per cent in the respiratory quotient (RQ) (0.2 less than p less than 0.3) and 11 per cent in the heart rate (HR) (0.1 less than p less than 0.2). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased by 6 per cent (0.2 less than p less than 0.3). No changes were observed in these parameters in the postoperative follow-ups (10 to 24 months) of two patients who did not undergo physical training. Physical training is, therefore, necessary in the process of physical readaptation of patients after orthotopic cardiac grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spiramycin and erythromycin in the treatment of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis: a comparative study.

A randomized study was carried out in 100 patients with acute tonsillo-pharyngitis to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of treatment with 500 mg spiramycin 3-times daily for 3 days and 500 mg erythromycin 3-times daily for 5 days. Details were recorded on entry of fever, sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, inflammation of the tonsils and/or pharynx, and oedema. Patients in the two groups were re-examined on Days 4 and 6, respectively. Throat swab cultures and blood determinations of haemoglobin, leucocytes and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were made before and after treatment. The results, analyzed in the 95 patients (48 on spiramycin, 47 on erythromycin) who attended for follow-up, indicated that whilst both antibiotics were effective, only 1 patient receiving spiramycin was classified as failing to respond to treatment compared with 8 of those receiving erythromycin. Moreover, significantly fewer patients on erythromycin had complete disappearance of all the signs and symptoms at the end of the treatment period. These findings were supported by the results of the bacteriological cultures. Both treatments reduced leucocyte levels in those patients with high counts initially, but there was no apparent effect on haemoglobin or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Two patients on spiramycin complained of dry mouth. In the erythromycin group, 2 patients reported dizziness and 5 nausea.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dielectric resonance phenomena in ultra high field MRI.

PURPOSE: Dielectric resonances have previously been advanced as a significant cause of image degradation at higher fields. In this work, a study of dielectric resonances in ultra high field MRI is presented to explore the real importance of dielectric resonances in the human brain in this setting. METHOD: Gradient-recalled echo images were acquired using a transverse electromagnetic resonator at 1.5, 4.7, and 8 T. Images were obtained from the human head and from phantoms filled with pure water, saline, and mineral oil. In addition, an exact theoretical analysis of dielectric resonances is presented for a spherical phantom and for a model of the human head. RESULTS: Theoretical results demonstrate that distilled water can sustain dielectric resonances in head-sized spheres near 200 and 360 MHz, but the presence of significant conductivity suppresses these resonances. These findings are confirmed experimentally with proton images of water and saline (0.05 and 0.125 M NaCl). For lossy phantoms, coupling between the source and phantom overwhelms the dielectric resonance. Because of their low relative permittivity, mineral oil phantoms with 20 cm diameter do not exhibit dielectric resonances below approximately 900 MHz. Significant dielectric resonances were not observed in human head images obtained at 1.5, 4.7, and 8 T.

Algorithms↗