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Biomedical subjects

T Imfeld

Publications and source records attributed to T Imfeld.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A critical comparison of dentifrice abrasion scores on dentine recorded by gravimetric and radiotracer methods.

Dentifrice abrasivity on dentine is conventionally ranked by various in vitro methods. The abrasivity of selected dentifrices in Switzerland was ranked in 1985 by the gravimetric and in 1989 by the radiotracer method. Because same-named brands of dentifrices were differently ranked by these methods, Swiss clinicians were unsure which ranking to follow. This paper lists the errors known to occur in both techniques, but unfortunately it is difficult to quantitate the magnitudes of these errors. Consequently, it is impossible to determine which method yields the more reliable results. Thus, researchers should look into the problem of dentifrice abrasion scores and try to formulate tests which could simplify the selection of brand-named dentifrices by clinicians and the consumers.

Densitometry↗
PubMed1992

["Safe for Teeth" confectionery and the International Sympadent Federation].

Preventive cariology has primarily focused on the protection of teeth with fluorides and on oral hygiene. Another important preventive approach, namely diet modification reducing the frequency of consumption of acid-producing carbohydrates has not yet gained enough attention. It can very well be implemented by making available a wide variety of non- or hypo-acidogenic snacks. This paper presents a model system, the Swiss Sympadent Association, initiated and currently used in Switzerland for developing, testing, labelling and promoting "tooth-friendly" foods that do not give rise to intraplaque acid production. Based on the success of the Association in Switzerland, an international extension of this model is well on its way.

Cariogenic Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Dental status in relation to age: research in Switzerland 1980-1990].

The number of missing teeth in relation to the patients' age was assessed in fourteen studies of the oral status of different patient groups performed in Switzerland and published between 1980 and 1990. The prognosis of the future development of the average dentition made by Marthaler in 1978 proved to hold true.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Cariogenicity of Milchschnitte (Ferrero GmbH) and apple in program-fed rats.

The cariogenicity of Ferrero Milchschnitte and apple was tested in rats using a frequency-controlled feeding machine. Twelve litters of Osborne-Mendel rats orally infected with Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ-176 and Actinomyces viscosus Ny-1 were used. Four treatment groups were tested: (1) cooked starch/sucrose 1:1 as positive control; (2) Ferrero Milchschnitte; (3) apple; (4) gastric intubation only as negative control. Groups 1-3 were additionally fed by gastric intubation with essential nutrients. Rats on Milchschnitte and apple had less fissure and smooth-surface caries than rats on a starch/sucrose diet, but significantly more than the negative controls. The Milchschnitte group exhibited less plaque extent than the positive and the negative control. The apple group showed a higher plaque extent and massively extended erosions on molar surfaces. The CFU means of S. sobrinus were decreasing from treatment 1-4. Although differences between treatments were not significant, they were associated by concomitantly decreasing caries incidence. The test foods were also assessed using intraoral plaque-pH telemetry in 6 human volunteers. Both Milchschnitte and apple were acidogenic in human telemetry. They can therefore not be regarded as safe for teeth.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1979

A new reinforced intracoronal composite resin splint. Clinical results after 1 year.

An intracoronal technique for semipermanent splinting of mobile or migrating teeth is described and clinically evaluated. Circumferential grooves of 1 to 1.5 mm depth were cut into the enamel in the occlusal third of the teeth to be splinted. The teeth were splinted by placing a polyester ligature in two or more figure-8 loops along the grooves, and sealing the grooves and interproximal contact areas with an acid-etch composite resin system. A total of 51 splints involving 183 teeth and 132 interproximal contact areas were placed in 34 patients. One year after insertion, 46 splints were found intact. Five splints presented with one fractured interdental element, each. Average mobility of the splinted teeth was 51% below the preoperative level. Splinting improved the masticatory comfort. The esthetic results were satisfactory.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1979

[Extended fissure sealing--a review for the dental practitioner].

There is scientific proof that destructive processes of the oral cavity can be avoided through a combination of general prophylaxis with individual preventive care. In children with few or no carious lesions in the deciduous dentition a complete eradication of caries of the permanent teeth should definitely be attempted. Pits and fissures of premolars and molars should therefore be individually sealed within six months after tooth eruption. In cases of incipient occlusal caries preventive resin restorations allow the repair with a minimum of tooth removal, i.e. therapeutic preventive dentistry. The use of the somewhat destructive conventional restorative techniques including prophylactic odontotomy, fissure eradication and extension for prevention that are unfortunately favored by the common dental fee policy should be strictly limited to cases where better alternatives are as yet unpracticable.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Mouth and throat disinfectant preparation--dental aspects].

The oral fermentability of 10 mouth and throat disinfectant lozenges available in Switzerland were tested telemetrically. Because of their high sugar content all products produced immediate and long-lasting pH depressions in the interdental plaque except for a sugar-free preparation intended for diabetic patients. The cariogenic potential as well as the contraindication of such tablets in the treatment of infections of the oral mucosa, gingivitis, periodontitis or following dental surgery are shown.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1978

[Erosion and abrasion of the dental enamel. Experimental study].

The clinical aspects, epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of dental erosions in man and experimental animals are reviewed. Abrasion of enamel, softened in orange juice for 3 minutes and brushed with various dentifrices, was studied with Knoop hardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Knoop indentations made on softened enamel surfaces were almost totally removed by 2-minute brushings with highly abrasive tooth pastes. Brushing without dentifrices only slightly changed the distinctness of the indentation outlines. Recommendations for primary and secondary prevention of erosions are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cariogenicity and acidogenicity of food, confectionery and beverages.

The advantage of pH-telemetry of plaque and mixed saliva in the evaluation of the cariogenic potential is that, in contrast to in vitro measurements, in vivo telemetry discriminates among pH variations in plaque and saliva as a result of substrate fermentation and those due to dietary acids, acids formed by the oral mucosal microflora and adequately registers salivary buffers. This is illustrated with a summary of acido- hypo- and nonacidogenic products tested.

Acids↗
PubMed1977

[Cariogenic antitussive agents].

Nine cough mixtures available on the Swiss market and randomly chosen were tested telemetrically. With the exception of Sinecod all syrups effected immediate and long-lasting pH-depressions in interdental plaque. Patients should be informed on the pronounced caries-promoting potential of these medications.

Antitussive Agents↗