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Biomedical subjects

T Ino

Publications and source records attributed to T Ino.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinicopathologic analyses of eleven patients with Hodgkin's disease].

Clinicopathologic analyses were performed on 11 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease which was confirmed immunohistochemically with the use of anti-Leu M 1 which is known to be specific to Reed-Sternberg cells. Patients with clinical stage II developed infradiaphragmatic involvement after Mantle field irradiation and should have been treated with extended field irradiation or combined modality therapy because of the possibility of PSIII1. Maintenance VENP therapy seemed to sustain remission but may have caused opportunistic infections. There were no rearrangements in either immunoglobulin or T cell receptor genes studied in two patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Biological versus mechanical valves in the mitral position].

The long-term late results of isolated mitral valve replacement before April 1981 were retrospectively evaluated in 54 patients receiving a Hancock valve (HX) with a total follow-up of 424 patient-years (py) and 37 patients receiving a Björk-Shiley valve (BS) with a total follow-up of 366 py. There was no significant difference in regard to preoperative age, cardiothoracic ratio, electrocardiogram, or New York Heart Association functional class between the two groups. All of the BS group and 43 of the HX patients received long-term anticoagulant therapy. No significant difference was notable between the two groups in hospital mortality. Actuarial survival rate excluding hospital deaths was 75.5 +/- 6.7% for the HX group, and 80.8 +/- 7.1% for the BS group at ten years (not significant). There was no significant difference between the two groups in overall incidence of thromboembolism (HX 1.4% py, BS 1.9% py), anticoagulant related bleeding (HX 0.5% py, BS 0.8% py), or endocarditis (HX 0.5% py, BS 0.3% py). Actuarial freedom from reoperation at ten years was 69.6 +/- 8.1% for the HX group, and 93.5 +/- 4.4% for the BS group (p less than 0.01). Event free survival excluding hospital deaths at ten years was 49.2 +/- 8.1% for the HX group, 70.6 +/- 8.3% for the BS group (p less than 0.05). We prefer a mechanical prosthesis except in patients over 65 years old, who have a short life expectancy, in whom anticoagulation is thought to be difficult, and who hope a biological valve.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The role of interleukin-2 in the impaired lymphocyte function after open heart surgery].

To reveal the mechanism of impaired lymphocyte function shown as the suppression of mitogenic proliferation of lymphocytes after open heart surgery, we evaluated the kinetics of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and response of lymphocytes sequentially until 7th day postoperatively in 10 patients. Membrane oxygenators were used exclusively and steroids were not administered during this study. In addition to the assay of mitogenic response (PHA), we measured IL-2 production and response utilizing IL-2 dependent cytotoxic T cell line and mitogenic proliferation to standard IL-2 respectively concomitant with plasma cortisol level. The results are as follows. 1. Mitogenic proliferation was suppressed with significance postoperatively (1POD: p less than 0.01). 2. IL-2 production was suppressed with significance postoperatively (3POD: p less than 0.05). In contrast no significant fluctuation of IL-2 responsiveness was observed postoperatively. 3. No correlation between plasma cortisol levels and these impairment was shown in this study. In conclusion impaired IL-2 production might be responsible for deficient lymphocyte function after open heart surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Direct projections of non-pyramidal neurons of Ammon's horn to the supramammillary region in the cat.

Non-pyramidal neurons in cat Ammon's horn were shown to send their axons to the supramammillary regions (SMR), i.e. the supramammillary nucleus and its vicinities including the supramammillary nucleus and the lateral, posterior and dorsal hypothalamic areas: wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) injection into Ammon's horn resulted in labeling of presumed axon terminals in the SMR; and after injecting HRP into the SMR, retrogradely labeled non-pyramidal neurons were seen in Ammon's horn.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Natural history and prognostic risk factors in endocardial fibroelastosis.

A retrospective study was made of 52 patients (16 men, 36 women) with endocardial fibroelastosis diagnosed by strict clinical criteria and confirmed histologically in 18 (35%). Clinical and hemodynamic manifestations at presentation were reviewed from the clinical record. The follow-up period averaged 47 months (range 1 day to 228 months). Actuarial survival rates were 93% at 6 months, 83% at 1 year and 77% at 4 years. Clinical and hemodynamic manifestation included onset at less than 1 year of age (89%), respiratory distress (71%), cardiomegaly on chest roentgenogram (99%), left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T-wave changes on the electrocardiogram (97%) and reduced contractility with dilatation of the left ventricle (100%). Prognostic risk factors were evaluated comparing 13 patients who died (group 1) with 16 patients who survived greater than 4 years (group 2). Only cardiac index (2.8 +/- 0.8 vs 3.5 +/- 0.5 liter/min/m2) and ejection fraction (18 +/- 12 vs 33 +/- 21%) measured at catheterization were significantly reduced in group 1 compared with group 2 (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.01, respectively). Careful observation and appropriate management are recommended in all patients, although low ejection fraction and cardiac output at presentation are predictive of poor outcome and support other therapeutic alternatives.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Cingulate gyrus of the cat receives projection fibers from the thalamic region ventral to the ventral border of the ventrobasal complex.

Direct projections to the cingulate gyrus from the thalamic region lying just ventrally to the ventral border of the ventrobasal complex (VB) were found in the cat by two sets of experiments that used WGA-HRP (wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate). In the first set of experiments, WGA-HRP was injected into the thalamic region around the ventral border of the VB. When the site of injection involved the thalamic region lying ventrally to the ventral border of the VB at the levels of the caudal two thirds of the VB, the cerebral cortex in the rostral part of the cingulate gyrus ipsilateral to the WGA-HRP injection contained fine HRP-positive granules, which indicated anterograde labeling of axon terminals. These labeled presumed axon terminals were mainly distributed to the superficial part of layer I, deep part of layer II, layer IV, and the most superficial part of layer V in the cingulate cortex. In the second set of experiments, WGA-HRP was injected into the cerebral cortex of the rostral part of the cingulate gyrus. When the site of injection involved the region of the cingulate gyrus, where presumed axon terminals had been labeled in the first set of experiments, the thalamic region just ventral to the ventral margin of the caudal two-thirds of the VB ipsilateral to the WGA-HRP injection contained neuronal cell bodies labeled retrogradely. The results indicate that some neurons that are located in the thalamic region just ventral to the ventral border of the caudal two-thirds of the VB send their axons to the cerebral cortex in the rostral part of the cingulate gyrus. The possible significance of the thalamocingulate projection found in the present study is discussed with relation to nociceptive behavior and function.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The supramammillary region of the cat sends substance P-like immunoreactive axons to the hippocampal formation and the entorhinal cortex.

A combined method of the tracing of WGA-HRP (wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase) and the immunohistochemistry of substance P (SP) showed that many SP-like immunoreactive neurons in the supramammillary nucleus of cat hypothalamus sent their axons to the hippocampal formation. SP-like immunoreactive axons in the hippocampal formation and entorhinal cortex were markedly reduced in number ipsilaterally after placing an electrothermic lesion in the supramammillary region of the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Somatosensory and auditory relay nucleus in the rostral part of the ventrolateral medulla: a morphological study in the cat.

A nucleus that possibly relays both somatosensory and auditory information was identified in the well-known autonomic control region in the rostral part of the ventrolateral medulla (RVL) of the cat by four sets of experiments using the WGA-HRP (wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate) method. First, after injecting WGA-HRP into the dorsal column nuclei (DCN), anterograde and retrograde labeling was found bilaterally within and around a small cluster of medium-sized neurons in the RVL; more labeled neuronal cell bodies were seen in the cluster ipsilateral to the injection than in the contralateral cluster, whereas labeled axon terminals were distributed more densely on the contralateral side than on the ipsilateral side. The neuronal cluster in the RVL was located close to the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata, constituting a short, slender column extending from a caudal level of the facial nucleus to the level of the rostral one-third of the inferior olive. This cluster of neurons was named the ventrolateral medullary nucleus (VLMN). In the second set of experiments, WGA-HRP was injected into the VLMN. Labeled neuronal cell bodies were seen in the reticular zone of the DCN bilaterally, with a slight dominance on the side contralateral to the injection, and further in the anteroventral division of the cochlear nuclei (CN) bilaterally, with a predominantly contralateral distribution. Labeled presumed axon terminals were seen bilaterally not only in the DCN and granular layer of the CN but also in the intercollicular region (IcR), lateral division of the posterior group of the thalamus (Pol), and medial geniculate nuclei (MG). Labeled terminals in the DCN were more numerous on the side ipsilateral to the injection than on the contralateral side, whereas those in other regions were distributed with a clear-cut contralateral dominance. In the third set of experiments, WGA-HRP injection into the CN resulted in anterograde and retrograde labeling in the VLMN. The labeling was bilateral, but more marked in the VLMN contralateral to the injection. In the fourth set of experiments, after WGA-HRP injection into the IcR, Pol, or MG, labeled neuronal cell bodies were located in the VLMN bilaterally with a dominant contralateral distribution. The results indicate that the VLMN possibly relays somatosensory and auditory information from the reticular zone of the DCN and anteroventral division of the CN to the IcR, Pol, and MG.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1988

Evidence that the intervening sequence was excised as a linear molecule during D beta-J beta rearrangement in T-cell receptor beta chain gene loci.

In a previous paper (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: 4264, 1987) we reported an unusual DNA rearrangement in T-cell receptor beta chain gene loci in cells from a patient with human T-cell leukemia. A D beta 1-J beta 2.3 junction was found on one chromosome, while the other chromosome kept the germline configuration. Although the DNA fragment located between the D beta 1 and J beta 2.3 loci should have disappeared from the cells, it was found on chromosome 6 as an inserted segment. We have now determined the nucleotide sequences bordering both sides of the inserted segment. The signal sequence for D beta-J beta rearrangement at the 5' side of J beta 1.2 gene seems to have been used for the insertion. The 3' end of the inserted segment corresponded to the edge of the signal heptamer at the 5' side of J beta 2.3 which was used for the initial D beta 1-J beta 2.3 joining. This indicates that, during D beta-J beta rearrangement, the intervening sequence was excised as a linear molecule.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of left ventricular angiographic casts and biplane left ventricular volumetry in infants and children.

To calculate left ventricular (LV) volumes from biplane cineangiography obtained in nonstandard views, regression equations were developed from LV casts of known volume. Volumes were calculated by the area-length method from casts ranging from 1.4 to 48.9 ml obtained from 30 postmortem cases with heart disease. The casts were divided into 2 groups: group I (n = 17) with abnormal and group II (n = 13) with normal right ventricular hemodynamics. Biplane cinegrams were taken in the anterolateral, anterior and long axial oblique, hepatoclavicular and sitting-up projections. The true volume of each cast was determined from its weight and specific gravity. In both groups, excellent correlations were obtained between measured and true volumes (r = 0.92 to 0.99) in all projections, although each projection overestimated the true volume (slope value less than 1). The regression equations obtained from group I were significantly different from those in group II in all views (p less than 0.025 to 0.05), with smaller mean differences and standard errors of the estimate. These data support the concept that right ventricular hemodynamics influence ventricular septal position and, therefore, LV geometry and measured volumes. Appropriate regression equations are required to allow volume calculation from multiple projections.

Cardiac Volume↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of right ventricular volume using axial angulated ventriculography to known right ventricular cast volumes in infants and children with congenital heart disease.

To calculate right ventricular (RV) volumes from biplane cineangiography obtained in nonstandard views, regression equations were developed from RV casts of known volume. Volumes were calculated using Simpson's rule from casts ranging from 2 to 42 ml from 25 postmortem specimens with various congenital heart diseases. The casts were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 15) with abnormal or group 2 (n = 10) with normal RV hemodynamic measurements. Biplane cinegrams were taken in the anterolateral, anterior and long axis oblique, hepatoclavicular and sitting up projections. The true volume of each cast was determined from its weight and specific gravity. Excellent correlations were obtained between measured and true volumes (r = 0.92 to 0.96) in all projections, although each projection overestimated the true volume (slope value less than 1). The regression equations obtained from group 1 were not statistically different from those in group 2 in any view. Although the application of different regression equations is required in measuring RV volumes by multiple angulated angiography, these regression equations appear not to be affected by the hemodynamic state of the ventricle. These results are important in assessing RV volume in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease using axial angulated ventriculography.

Cineangiography↗
PubMed1988

Progressive vascular lesions in Williams-Beuren syndrome.

We report two patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome. The first patient showed no evidence of coarctation of the aorta at the first examination. Seven years later, she developed coarctation of the aorta. In the second patient, we found the progression of renal artery stenosis by serial angiography. We report that vascular lesions may be progressive in Williams-Beuren syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Thrombolytic therapy for femoral artery thrombosis after pediatric cardiac catheterization.

Femoral artery thrombosis remains a well-known complication after cardiac catheterization. A study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy for this complication. A total of 526 consecutive infants and children were prospectively evaluated after cardiac catheterization, and the medical charts of 42 patients who required femoral artery thrombectomy between 1975 and 1985 were reviewed. In the prospective study, patients were given a bolus injection of heparin, 150 U/kg, at the time the artery was entered. Patients with persistently absent or diminished pulse 2 hours after catheterization received a second bolus injection of 50 U/kg followed by an infusion of 20 U/kg/hr heparin for a maximum of 48 hours. If the affected leg pulse was absent or reduced and the systolic Doppler blood pressure was less than two thirds that of the unaffected leg, thrombolytic therapy was begun. In the 42 patients with surgical thrombectomy, there were no serious complications of surgery. Forty-five of the 526 patients (8.6%) had a decreased or absent pulse after catheterization. Of these 45 patients, 32 (71.1%) improved with systemic heparinization only. Thirteen patients (28.9%) had a persistently absent pedal pulse suggesting femoral artery thrombosis, despite continuous heparinization. Eleven patients were successfully treated with thrombolytic therapy and two required surgical thrombectomy. Intraarterial balloon dilatation procedures were performed in 8 of these 13 patients. Prothrombin time was prolonged (11.5 +/- 1.06 to 52.3 +/- 40.4 seconds; p less than 0.025) and fibrinogen levels were significantly reduced (2.25 +/- 0.79 to 1.52 +/- 0.52 gm/dl; p less than 0.01) during therapy. There were no serious complications, although four patients bled from the groin entry site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cardiac manifestations in disorders of fat and carnitine metabolism in infancy.

The prognosis of patients with cardiomyopathy associated with hypocarnitinemia is uncertain. Cardiac hemodynamics, histologic findings and response to oral L-carnitine therapy were retrospectively evaluated in 11 children with cardiomyopathy associated with abnormal carnitine metabolism. Three had systemic carnitine deficiency, two familial hypocarnitinemia with neutropenia, three transient neonatal hypocarnitinemia and three a carnitine insufficiency syndrome. Six had a hypertrophic and five a dilated cardiomyopathy. Hypotonia was present in seven (64%). The cardiothoracic ratio was greater than 0.60 in eight (73%). The most frequent abnormality on the electrocardiogram was ST-T wave inversion in the left precordial leads with various degrees of left ventricular hypertrophy. Echocardiographically, two patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy had decreased left ventricular function and two patients with dilated cardiomyopathy had increased thickness of the left ventricular wall. Histologic evaluation (two autopsies and one endomyocardial biopsy) revealed striking lipid accumulation within hypertrophied myocytes. Six of eight patients on carnitine replacement therapy had improvement echocardiographically during a 3 month to 2 year follow-up period. In summary, both hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy can result from abnormal carnitine metabolism. The determination of plasma carnitine concentrations and fatty acid metabolism by-products should be performed in all patients with either form of cardiomyopathy of unknown etiology because carnitine supplementation may lead to improvement.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Postoperative erythrodermia (POED), a type of graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR)?

Postoperative erythrodermia (POED) is a rare disease appearing several days after surgery for which blood transfusion has been required, characterized by erythrodermia, fever, pancytopenia, hepatic insufficiency or diarrhea. Most affected patients die within four weeks. The etiology remains unknown, but some assume it to be a type of graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) caused by transfused lymphocytes. In this study, skin biopsies taken from 9 POED patients were examined to clarify whether POED is a type of GVHR. In seven samples, changes compatible with GVHR, such as lymphocyte infiltration in the basal layer and occasional eosinophilic or vacuolar degeneration of the epidermal cells, with occasional satellitosis, were noted. Immunopathologically, infiltrating lymphocytes mostly expressed suppressor/cytotoxic T cell markers like those in GVHR. Meanwhile, immunostaining with anti-HLA-A type specific antibodies failed to differentiate infiltrating lymphocytes from host cells. Thus, the present morphologic and in vivo marker study suggested POED to be a type of GVHR, while in vivo HLA-A typing showed two contradictory possibilities: first, that POED is a GVHR in which major histocompatibility antigen-matched donor lymphocytes attack host cells, and secondly that POED is not a GVHR, the infiltrating lymphocytes being of host origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Relation of monophasic action potential recorded with contact electrode to underlying transmembrane action potential properties in isolated cardiac tissues: a systematic microelectrode validation study.

Monophasic action potentials, recorded with contact non-suction electrodes, have been used both clinically and experimentally. However, to date no systematic microelectrode validation studies have been done to underlying myocardial cell populations from different myocardial regions with different transmembrane potential profiles. In the present study transmembrane action potential properties, recorded with standard microelectrodes, were compared with monophasic action potentials recorded with contact electrodes in three different (endocardium, epicardium, and free running Purkinje fibre) isolated canine preparations during pacing and during spontaneous automatic activity. The mean transmembrane durations at 50% and 90% repolarisations (APD50 and APD90) of 19-30 cells at a monophasic action potential recording site was not statistically significant from monophasic action potential duration in all three tissue preparations studied. However, in endocardial preparations, composed of superficial (1-2 cell layers) Purkinje fibres with deeper ventricular muscle cells, the APD50 (139(17) ms) and APD90 (181(26) ms) of monophasic action potentials more closely reflected (but not significantly different) the underlying deeper ventricular muscle cells (APD50 134(14) ms and APD90 167(15) ms) rather than the mean transmembrane action potential durations of the underlying most superficial Purkinje fibres (166(22) ms for APD50 and 210(30) ms for APD90) (p less than 0.025). Tetrodotoxin (TTX) at 1 x 10(-6) mol.litre-1 shortened Purkinje fibre action potential duration and slightly lengthened that of ventricular muscle. Simultaneously recorded monophasic action potential showed an intermediate change in action potential duration. Incremental pacing and applied single premature stimuli resulted in similar degrees of shortening of action potential duration for both monophasic action potential and transmembrane potential in all three preparations. In endocardial preparations, barium chloride (4 mmol.litre-1) superfusion induced early afterdepolarisations, and spontaneous phase 4 depolarisations (n = 6) in both Purkinje and ventricular muscle cells giving rise to spontaneous automatic activity. These abnormal automatic activities were accurately detected by simultaneous monophasic action potential recordings. Suppression of automaticity by verapamil (0.2-0.5 micrograms.ml-1) as confirmed by transmembrane action potential recordings were similarly detected by monophasic action potential recordings (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Action Potentials↗