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Biomedical subjects

T Ishijima

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishijima.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Quality of life and masticatory function in denture wearers.

Successful prosthodontic treatments for a patient with removable partial dentures including maxillofacial prostheses hopefully brings about psychological wellbeing as well as improved health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and the various aspects of denture function. At first, a questionnaire with a visual analog scale with 16 question items concerning denture and/or eating problems, the present state of health, psychological and physical wellbeing, life satisfaction, and QOL was developed. To discuss the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, 48 outpatients who wore a denture were asked to fill it out. Next, to discuss the difference in QOL of the patient with various kinds of dentures and conditions, 103 outpatients were asked to complete the newly developed questionnaire. The questionnaire which contained four factor areas with eight questions for denture patients was developed by factor analysis with Varimax rotation. The reliability of the QOL scale was confirmed by reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.784). The QOL score of edentulous patients with a complete denture having some trouble chewing was significantly lower than that of other denture patients. It was suggested that the wearing of a denture significantly affected the QOL of elderly persons.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The relationship between salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency.

In order to elucidate the relationship between the salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency, experimental hypo- and hyper-salivation were produced by the administration of atropine sulphate presenting an anticholinergic effect and pilocarpine hydrochloride having a muscarine effect orally in 10 healthy fully dentates. To confirm the pharmaceutical effect of these drugs, the unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min, and masticatory efficiency using the sieve method were measured before and after medication. The unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min decreased significantly by the administration of atropine sulphate (P < 0.05), and increased significantly by pilocarpine hydrochloride (P < 0.01). The masticatory efficiency after atropine sulphate medication was significantly lower than that before (P < 0.01). The increase in salivary secretion by pilocarpine hydrochloride did not lead to a higher masticatory efficiency. The evidence supports the understanding that saliva plays an important role in masticatory function.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Influence of tooth-loss and concomitant masticatory alterations on cholinergic neurons in rats: immunohistochemical and biochemical studies.

The influence of tooth loss on the viability of cholinergic neurons was examined in rats. At 25th postnatal week, rats were divided into the three groups; a control group fed a solid diet, a soft diet group fed a powder diet and a molar crown-less group in which all molar crowns were removed and the powder diet was given. At 15 and 35 weeks post-treatment, the number of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive neurons in the nucleus of the diagonal band/medial septal nucleus (NDB/MS) was significantly smaller in the molar crown-less group than in the control group (P < 0.01). This was not the case in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus or (PPT) or in the trigeminal motor nucleus. Biochemical assay showed no statistically significant differences in choline concentrations in the hippocampus between the control and the molar crown-less group both at 15 and at 35 weeks post-treatment. Nevertheless, acetylcholine (ACh) concentration in the hippocampus of the molar crown-less group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 15 weeks post-treatment (P < 0.05). Taken together, a decrease of oral sensory information may have caused a reduction in the number of ChAT-positive neurons selectively in NDB/MS, which in turn caused a decline of ACh concentrations in the hippocampus.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2002

Occlusal support and head posture.

In order to examine the relationship between occlusal support and head posture, the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the jaw closing muscles and the sternocleidomastoid muscle during voluntary maximal clenching (VMC) under several conditions of occlusal support in eight healthy dentates were recorded and analysed. The head posture was also recorded simultaneously by the electromagnetic, 6-degree-of-freedom tracking instrument (POLHMUS Co. 3 SPACE-WIN*). In the VMC with lateral imbalance of occlusal support, EMG activity of the jaw closing muscles and the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the occlusal support side was greater than those on the non-occlusal support side, and the neck was bent in the direction of the occlusal support side. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the asymmetry of muscle activity (asymmetry index) of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the angle of lateral bending of the neck. From these results, it can be said that lateral imbalance of the occlusal support could promote imbalance in sternocleidomastoid muscle activity, causing lateral bending of the neck. From this study, it is suggested that there is a close relationship between occlusal support and head posture.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Treatment of habitual temporomandibular joint dislocation with miniplate eminoplasty: a report of nine cases.

Eminoplasty using T-shaped titanium miniplate was performed on 15 joints in nine patients suffering from recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint with several general complications. After the conventional pre-auricular approach to the zygomatic arch and eminence, the bent over miniplate was inserted anteriorly against the articular eminence and fixed to the zygomatic arch with miniscrews to limit the over-movement of the condyle. In one case, the miniplate fractured, but no recurrence of dislocation was observed. In another case, it was possible to evaluate the mandibular movement by Sirognathograph analysis, which proved satisfactory function of the joints.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

The relationship between occlusal support and physical exercise ability.

This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between the presence of occlusal support in edentulous subjects and their ability for physical exercise. Ten complete denture wearers were selected and instructed to jump vertically while standing on a force plate with and without occlusal support (i.e. dentures). On the curve recorded by the force plate (1) reaction time (latency) (2) jump elevation time and (3) maximum kicking force were analysed. The reaction time, which is an index of physical quickness, was significantly prolonged when the subjects lost their occlusal support. This result suggests that reconstruction of occlusal support at a desirable mandibular position has significance not only for the restoration of masticatory function but also for the maintenance of physical exercise.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1997

Tongue motor skills and masticatory performance in adult dentates, elderly dentates, and complete denture wearers.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: For complete denture wearers the tongue plays an important role in the retention and stability of dentures and has a great influence on masticatory function. PURPOSE OF STUDY: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between tongue motor behavior and masticatory function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty healthy, normal adult dentates, 10 normal elderly dentates, and 20 complete denture wearers whose dentures were constructed by the same methods and materials were selected. Tongue motor skills were examined by an ultrasound system and masticatory performance was evaluated by the sieving method. RESULTS: The tongue motor skills of elderly dentates and complete denture wearers were statistically lower compared with those of adult dentates (p < 0.05, Duncan test). Tongue motor skills of complete denture wearers were statistically correlated with age (p < 0.01). Masticatory performance was statistically lower in relation to age in complete denture wearers (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient was 0.74 between tongue motor skill and masticatory performance in complete denture wearers, which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Age-related decreases in tongue motor skills and masticatory performance were demonstrated by ultrasound observations and sieving methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Osteoporosis and reduction of residual ridge in edentulous patients.

The relationship between the height of the mandibular residual ridge and the severity of osteoporosis in elderly edentulous patients was investigated. The height of the mandibular residual ridge was measured by use of the mental foramen on panoramic radiographs. The severity of osteoporosis was determined by examining frontal and lateral radiographs of the vertebrae. All of the patients received a blood analysis. The correlation coefficient between age and the height of residual ridge was -0.38, which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The residual ridge in women was lower than that of men, showing a statistical significance (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient was -0.42 between degree of severity of osteoporosis and the height of the residual ridge, which was significant (p < 0.01). The parathyroid hormone level was high in the patients with a low residual ridge, and the calcitonin (CT) level was low. This study indicates that osteoporosis strongly affects reduction of the residual ridge in edentulous patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Adhesion of resin to casting alloys.

The bond strength of a composite resin bonded to various dental casting alloys with three adhesive systems--Silicoater, Panavia, and Superbond C&B--was investigated. The metal surfaces were treated solely with aluminum oxide blasting before application of the adhesive. Thermal cycling caused a reduction in bond strength for all combinations of the adhesive systems and alloys, but the Silicoater system recorded the greatest bond strength. The 4-META system was equivalent to Panavia system in bond strengths to most metals and exhibited greater strength with others.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1989

[Survey on oral and maxillofacial injuries in contact sports and diffusion of mouthguards].

Recent reports have shown an increase of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by sports activities. In European and American countries, mouthguards are the popular measure against these injuries. The purpose of this study was to survey the rate of incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by contact sports, the diffusion and the evaluation of mouthguards and the interest in mouthguards in Japan. Questionnaires were sent to 244 Rugby football teams in Aichi prefecture and 27 American football teams in the Tokai area. We received replies from 153 Rugby football teams and 17 American football teams, and the results were as follows: 1) The rate of incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries was 239 players out of 4721 players, which means 5.1% in Rugby football and 22 players out of 428 players, which means 5.1% in American football. 2) The diffusion of mouthguards was 20 out of 153 teams in Rugby football and 16 out of 17 teams in American football. And most of them are using commercially available mouthguards. 3) Almost all teams were not satisfied with their mouthguards and complained of speaking difficulties, discomfort and easy dislocation. 4) Almost all teams desire the improvement of mouthguards. 5) Teams with no experience of mouthguards were very much interested in the use of mouthguards but they do not have enough information about mouthguards. 6) We have to enlighten players and their instructors about mouthguards and diffuse the use of mouthguards more positively to contact sports players.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related change of masticatory function in complete denture wearers: evaluation by a sieving method with peanuts and a food intake questionnaire method.

Age-related changes in masticatory function were investigated in complete denture wearers. The sieving method using peanuts as a test food was compared with the result obtained using a food questionnaire for evaluation of masticatory function. In relationship to aging, both the masticatory performance and the chewing score decreased significantly (the masticatory performance: r = .60, P < .01; the mastication score: r = -.46, P < .05). It is suggested that the masticatory function in complete denture wearers decreases in relationship to aging. The food intake questionnaire is useful for evaluating masticatory function in complete denture wearers.

Age Factors↗