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Biomedical subjects

T Itabashi

Publications and source records attributed to T Itabashi.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Continuous measurement of tumor blood flow under hypertension induced by angiotensin II--clinical studies with laser Doppler velocimetry].

The effect of treatment with intravenously administered Angiotensin II (AT II) on blood flow in normal and malignant tissues was investigated clinically. The time course of the effect of AT II was directly recorded by laser doppler velocimetry (LDV) via a probe placed on the surface of normal and malignant tissues. Intravenous administration of AT II resulted in an approximate 3.5 (1.3-14.0)-fold increase in blood flow in eleven malignant tissues, such as breast cancer with direct extension to the skin and abdominal skin metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma. On the other hand, the blood flow in normal skin was decreased under AT II-induced hypertension, but a reactive hyperemia-like increase was observed soon after the withdrawal of AT II. These results strongly suggested that intravenously administered AT II can act as an adjuvant to enhance, by varying degrees, drug delivery to tumor tissue in cancer chemotherapy and that the administration of chemotherapeutic agents is undesirable soon after the withdrawal of AT II.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[A study of concentration of ampicillin into middle ear effusion after administration of bacampicillin].

We studied the concentration of ampicillin (ABPC) into middle ear effusions after administration of bacampicillin (BAPC). Nine patients with acute purulent otitis media were given orally single doses of the drug at a level of 10 mg/kg, and concentrations of ABPC which is the active antibiotic metabolite of BAPC were determined in middle ear effusions periodically after the administration. Bacteria present in effusions were identified, and their ability to produce beta-lactamase was also determined. ABPC concentrations in middle ear effusions were inversely related to the ability of bacteria detected from the intratympanic cavity to produce beta-lactamase. ABPC concentrations in middle ear effusions from which only beta-lactamase negative organisms were detected were higher by 5.2- and 2.3- fold at 60 and 120 minutes after the administration of BAPC, respectively, than those in effusions from which beta-lactamase positive organisms were detected. ABPC concentrations achieved in middle ear effusions in cases where only beta-lactamase negative organisms were detected exceeded MIC80's of the drug against main causative bacteria of acute purulent otitis media such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Haemophilus influenzae. Because only 10% or less of these species produces beta-lactamase, BAPC appears to be one of the highly effective drugs in the treatment of this disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Atypical mitoses in elevated dysplasias of the stomach.

The number and topographic localization of spontaneously occurring mitotic figures were studied in 22 elevated dysplasias of the stomach. The lesions were divided into 3 equally thick zones. Mitoses occurred in 5 of 7 slight dysplasias, in 7 of 8 moderate dysplasias, and in all 7 severe dysplasias. When present, mitoses were localized to the superficial zone in slight, moderate and severe dysplasias, in the middle zone in some moderate dysplasias, and in almost all severe dysplasias. In the deeper zone, mitoses were seen in one of the moderate dysplasias and in as much as 5 of the severe dysplasias. The number of mitoses were significantly higher in moderate and severe dysplasia, when compared to slight dysplasia. The percentage of atypical mitoses increased gradually from 27% in slight dysplasia to 41% in moderate, and 52% in severe dysplasias. In the adjacent, non-dysplastic gastric mucosa, a 1.5% of atypical mitoses was found. Significantly higher amounts of atypical mitoses were recorded in severe dysplasias, as compared to slight and moderate dysplasias. The results suggest that the various types of elevated dysplasias (slight, moderate and severe) of the stomach may be distinguished, not only by the characteristics of the atypical cells in interphase--as is the case today--but also by the topographic distribution of mitoses and by the difference in percentage of atypical mitoses occurring in these lesions. The possible significance of the mitosis as a biohistological marker of the behaviour of elevated dysplasias of the stomach is discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

[Enhancing activity of bacterial preparations on blood flow in tumor tissue, with reference to cancer chemotherapy. Experimental and clinical studies].

The effect of treatment with bacterial preparations on blood flow in normal and malignant tissues was investigated, clinically and experimentally. The time course of the local effect of the preparations was recorded by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) via a probe on the surface of normal and malignant tissues directly over the injection site. Experimentally, no definite enhancement of blood flow with OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, was observed in nude mice. Clinically, intradermal administration of OK-432 or tuberculin (PPD) resulted in an approximate 11-or 4-fold increase in blood flow, respectively. The injection of OK-432 into malignant tissues, such as dermal cancer and breast cancer with direct extension to the skin, resulted in an approximate 3.5-fold increase. The results suggested that bacterial preparations can act as an adjuvant to enhance drug delivery to tumor tissue in cancer chemotherapy, and that the enhancement of blood supply is induced by immune response.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy with retinal folds.

BACKGROUND: Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy is characterized by a solitary, oval, slightly elevated, yellowish subretinal lesion of the fovea. We examined a patient with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy with stellate retinal folds by optical coherence tomography and scanning laser ophthalomoscopy. CASE: A 58-year-old Japanese woman with a complaint of decreased vision in her right eye was diagnosed as having adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy. OBSERVATIONS: Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a yellowish lesion of one-third disc diameter in size at the fovea in the right eye. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated an irregular block of choroidal fluorescence corresponding to the yellowish lesion, which was surrounded by stellate retinal folds. Optical coherence tomography images showed a steep elevation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a focally protruded reflective band over an optically clear space. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy provided morphologic enhancement in the specifically affected layers of the macula. Using an argon green laser, band-shaped bright reflexes were seen in the right fovea. The helium-neon laser revealed a bright patch corresponding to the yellowish lesion over the fovea, which was surrounded by stellate retinal folds. The diode laser revealed a bright patch corresponding to the yellowish lesion. CONCLUSION: The stellate retinal folds of this patient were considered to be caused by the steep elevation of the RPE with an extracellular accumulation of the vitelliform deposits.

Electroretinography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of total parenteral nutrition on endotoxin translocation and extent of the stress response in burned rats.

Postburn endotoxin translocation has been well documented. However, the relationship between the secretion of catabolic hormones, degree of endotoxin translocation, and intestinal atrophy has not been previously demonstrated. In this experiment, modulation of the secretion of catabolic hormones according to the route of nutrient administration was examined in burned animals. A total of 55 rats, with and without a burn injury, were orally or parenterally fed. Urinary excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine (U-EN) of each rat was measured for 48 h after burn injury as an indicator of the stress response. Evaluations of intestinal atrophy and endotoxin contents in the liver and spleen were also done 48 h after burn injury. U-EN after burn injury in rats administered total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was higher than in those fed orally. Endotoxin translocation and intestinal atrophy after thermal injury were also augmented by TPN. A significant positive correlation between U-EN and endotoxin content of the liver, and a negative correlation between U-EN and weight of the intestine, were observed. TPN enhances the stress response after burn injury. An increase in endotoxin translocation and intestinal atrophy by TPN are closely related to enhancement of the stress response.

Animals↗