Biomedical subjects

T Iwami

Publications and source records attributed to T Iwami.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Campylobacter enteritis in childhood.

Bacteriological examinations of faecal samples, obtained from 321 infants and children with acute enteritis, were carried out in the pediatric clinic of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan from January 1983 to December 1985. Campylobacter jejuni were isolated in 48 infants and children (15%), while Salmonella species in 6 (1.9%), and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in 11 (3.4%). Of 48 infants and children with Campylobacter enteritis (C. enteritis), 20 cases (42%) were under 2 years old, 17 (35%) from 2 to 6 years old, 8 (17%) from 7 to 12 years old, and 3 (6%) above 13 years old, suggesting the higher incidence in the younger infants and children. There were 30 males and 18 females, male:female ratio of 5:3. No seasonal variations in the frequency of C. enteritis were noticed. Major symptoms were diarrhea (94%), fever (50%), bleeding in stools (44%), abdominal pain (31%), and vomiting (10%). All strains of C. jejuni were highly sensitive to gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, erythromycin, josamycin, and chloramphenicol. We also report two typically mild cases of C. enteritis, a newborn infant with monosymptomatic bleeding in stools and diarrhea, and another 11-month-old, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome infant with asymptomatic bloody stools.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Effect of exercise training on insulin and glucagon release from perfused rat pancreas.

The effect of physical training on insulin and glucagon release in perfused rat pancreas was examined in the spontaneously exercised group running in a wheel cage an average of 1.4 km/day for 3 weeks and in the sedentary control group kept in the cage whose rotatory wheel was fixed on purpose. Pancreatic immunoreactive insulin (IRI) responses to glucose and arginine were reduced by 28% and 47.8% respectively in trained rats compared with untrained rats, while IRI content of the pancreas was similar in these two groups. The demonstrated decrease in insulin secretion of the beta-cell of the trained rats, in response to the glucose and arginine stimulations, may be functional in nature. On the other hand, neither pancreatic glucagon immunoreactivity (GI) response to glucose and arginine nor GI content of the pancreas was modified by exercise training. These results demonstrate that exercise training reduces IRI responses to glucose as well as to arginine stimulations, but does not modify any secretory response of pancreatic GI.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Stimulation of cholesterol metabolism in pyridoxine-deficient rats.

The effect of pyridoxine deficiency on cholesterol catabolism was studied in rats. The concentrations of bile lipid components were higher in pyridoxine-deficient rats than in controls. A decreased ratio of taurine to glycine conjugates was observed in the deficient rats. No change in the neutral sterol content, but an increase in the bile acid content of the feces was observed in the deficient rats. Increased cholesterol catabolism in pyridoxine-deficient rats was also shown by the shorter half-life of the [14C] cholesterol injected into these animals.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Effect of pyridoxine deficiency on cholesterogenesis in rats fed different levels of protein.

Hepatic cholesterol contents in rats fed a 70% or 20% casein diet with or without pyridoxine was determined. In the case of the 70% casein group, pyridoxine-deficient rats showed a higher content than the control. The increment was mainly due to the accumulation of an ester form of the cholesterol. On the other hand, pyridoxine-deficient rats in the 20% casein group showed a slightly lower content. The cholesterol content in liver microsomal fractions was lower in the 20% casein pyridoxine-deficient group and serum cholesterol level was lower in the 70%-casein pyridoxine-deficient group than those in respective control groups. Incorporation of [14C]acetate into cholesterol was studied using liver slices, and significant stimulation was observed in pyridoxine-deficient rat fed a 20% or 70% casein diet. There was no difference in intestinal cholesterogenesis between the control and the deficient groups.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Factors affecting liver lipid content in pyridoxing-deficient rats. I. Dietary protein levels.

Effects of choline fortification and various dietary protein levels on liver lipid content in pyridoxine-deficient rats were studied. Choline fortification did not prevent the accumulation of liver lipids in pyridoxine-deficient rats. Considerable accumulation of liver lipids was observed in the 70% casein pyridoxine-deprived group. Reducing the protein level in the diet decreased the extent of lipid accumulation. A highly negative correlation was found between liver lipid content and liver GPT activity, indicating that the fatty infiltration of the liver may be intimately related to the pyridoxine deficiency state. The time course of fatty liver induction upon feeding of a 70% casein pyridoxine-deficient diet was also studied. The liver lipid content increased gradually and reached the highest value by the third week with a concomitant decrease in food intake. Effect of change of dietary compositions on fatty liver caused by 70% casein pyridoxine-free diet was examined. Feeding of a 70% casein pyridoxine-supplemented diet or a 20% casein pyridoxine-free diet caused decreases in the liver lipids.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1975