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Biomedical subjects

T J Key

Publications and source records attributed to T J Key.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sex hormone binding globulin and risk factors for breast cancer in a population of normal women who had never used exogenous sex hormones.

Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were measured by immunoradiometric assay in serum samples from 1,221 healthy female volunteers aged 34-79 who had never used oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, had no history of thyroid disease or cancer, and had not used any drugs known to influence SHBG in the 14 days preceding blood sampling. There were 616 premenopausal and 605 naturally postmenopausal women. In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, SHBG decreased with increasing weight (Quetelt's Index) and was lower in single nulliparous women than in married nulliparous women or parous women. In premenopausal women, SHBG was higher in women with late menarche, was higher in smokers than in non-smokers, and was higher in blood samples taken during the first 12 days of the luteal phase than during the rest of the menstrual cycle. In postmenopausal women, SHBG increased with years since the menopause. The possible biological importance of these findings is discussed with particular reference to risk factors for breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Trends in breast cancer mortality and diet in England and Wales from 1911 to 1980.

A paper in a previous volume of this journal (Ingram, DM, Nutr Cancer 3, 75-80, 1981) reported that at the beginning of World War II there was a marked decrease in breast cancer mortality in England and Wales that coincided with a marked reduction in the consumption of sugar, meat, and fat, and a marked increase in the consumption of cereals and vegetables. Reexamination of the mortality data described in that paper shows that the apparent sudden decrease in breast cancer mortality at the beginning of World War II is an artefact caused by a change in the method of selecting the cause of death from jointly stated causes, which was introduced in 1940. After adjusting for this change, trends in age-specific mortality rates are described. Breast cancer mortality rates were greater in 1980 than in 1911 in the age group of 35-84 years, but this overall increase was interrupted by a period of decreasing mortality between the 1930s and the 1950s in the age group of 50-69 years. It is possible that some of this decrease was due to dietary changes; however, the evidence is poor and other factors that affect incidence and survival must be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations in vegans and omnivore controls.

Blood pressure, plasma renin activity and the concentrations of aldosterone and cholesterol in plasma and sodium and potassium in urine (48-h collections) and nutrient intakes were determined in 22 vegans (11 male and 11 female) and omnivore controls matched for age, sex and body build. The vegan diets contained less protein, sodium, calcium and sulphur but more carbohydrate, potassium and fibre than the diets of their controls. The mean urinary potassium sodium ratio was 1.13 in the vegans compared with 0.64 in the omnivores. Plasma renin and cholesterol concentrations were lower in the male but not female vegans compared with their respective controls. Blood pressures of the vegan subjects were inside the normal range but they tended to have higher mean diastolic blood pressures than their controls.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pregnancy and menstrual hormone levels in mothers of twins compared to mothers of singletons.

This study examined the hormonal differences between premenopausal mothers of twins and other premenopausal parous women during and after pregnancy. Serum concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone between 6 and 20 weeks of gestation were measured for 11 mothers of twins and 115 mothers of singletons selected from the controls in a case-control study of cryptorchidism. Serum concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin during the menstrual cycle were measured for 25 mothers of twins and 38 mothers of singletons recruited as a part of a prospective study of breast cancer risk. During pregnancy, women carrying twins had a 58% higher geometric mean oestradiol concentration (p = 0.02) and a 50% higher testosterone concentration (p = 0.03) than women carrying singletons. Women who had previously had twins demonstrated a 49% higher mean concentration of follicle stimulating hormone (p = 0.02) and a 42% higher concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin (p = 0.03) than women who had singletons only, but no significant differences in oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone concentrations. The increased concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone during the menstrual cycle of mothers of twins, which has also been reported in two previous studies suggests that follicle stimulating hormone level may be an important determinant of dizygotic twinning.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical surveillance of animal handlers.

Medical surveillance, with well-documented procedures and benefits, is well-established in general industry. The same cannot be said in the field of animal handling. This chapter presents general principles of and reasons for medical surveillance and explores past practices and current thought related to animal handler surveillance.

Animal Technicians↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sex-hormone-binding globulin and breast cancer risk.

We have measured serum concentrations of SHBG in 5000 women over the age of 35. In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women who were not suffering from cancer or other diseases or taking drugs likely to affect SHBG, the protein decreased with increasing weight and was lower in single nulliparous women than in married nulliparous women or parous women. In premenopausal women, SHBG was higher in women with late menarche. These findings suggest that diminished SHBG concentrations may be associated with the increased risk for breast cancer conferred by nulliparity and early menarche.

Breast Neoplasms↗