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Biomedical subjects

T J King

Publications and source records attributed to T J King.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Laparoscopic intracorporeal harvest of jejunal tissue for autologous transplantation.

Our goal in this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of performing an intracorporeal laparoscopic jejunal harvest. The initial technique was developed and refined in a pig and then a dog model. In the animal studies, careful dissection of the jejunal flap with its feeding vessel was accomplished along with an intracorporeal anastomosis. The laparoscopic dissection was facilitated by temporarily anchoring the jejunal flap to the anterior abdominal wall and transilluminating the mesentery. We present the first case report of a patient who underwent a laparoscopic jejunal harvest, intracorporeal small bowel anastomosis, and a microvascular anastomosis in the neck for reconstruction of the laryngopharynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinicopathological investigation of primary, uncomplicated maedi-visna virus infection.

Maedi-visna virus infection in a flock of sheep in Scotland was associated with respiratory disease, neurological disease, mastitis and lameness. The major clinical signs were dyspnoea (particularly on exercise), progressive fore- and hindlimb ataxia and balance defects, mammary induration and multilimb lameness, occasionally with enlarged carpal joints. Pathological examinations revealed lesions in the lungs, central nervous system, mammary glands and joints which were consistent with those induced by maedi-visna virus. The was no clinical or pathological evidence of concurrent sheep pulmonary adenomatosis, and pulmonary bacterial infections, when they occurred, were superimposed on the lesions due to maedi-visna virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Retroviral arthritis: phenotypic analysis of cells in the synovial fluid of sheep with inflammatory synovitis associated with visna virus infection.

A phenotypic analysis on synovial fluid cells from the carpal and tarsal joints of sheep with visna virus-induced inflammatory synovitis was performed. The results showed increased representation of cells bearing lymphocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cell markers compared to equivalent synovial fluid cells from normal uninfected age-matched controls. In infected sheep, CD8+ T cells tended to predominate over CD4+ cells, while the numbers of gamma delta T cells varied from being absent in some samples to constituting the major T cell subset in others. B cells were found in relatively smaller numbers. Analysis of the large mononuclear cells showed that they stained with monoclonal antibodies that recognize macrophages and afferent lymph dendritic cells. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ macrophage/dendritic cells were found in normal joints, but significantly elevated proportions of such cells were present in the carpal joints of infected sheep. The intensity of MHC class II staining was also significantly elevated in infected animals compared to control animals. A high proportion of these cells also stained for CD1 in both normal and infected animals, but were significantly elevated in number in the carpal joints of infected sheep. The elevated proportion of cells expressing molecules associated with accessary cell function and the increase in the numbers of accessory molecules per cell suggests an enhanced capacity for presenting antigen to a variety of T cell subsets within the joints of infected sheep, which could initiate or perpetuate potentially damaging local synovial inflammatory responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The conservation of dinucleotide microsatellites among mammalian genomes allows the use of heterologous PCR primer pairs in closely related species.

The high degree of polymorphism displayed by DNA microsatellites makes them useful as DNA markers in linkage studies. A search of the DNA sequence databases revealed that the locations of dinucleotide microsatellites are often conserved among mammalian species, enabling the prediction of the presence of DNA microsatellites using comparative genetic data. In closely related species such as cattle and sheep, this conservation was close enough to allow PCR primers designed for use in one species to be used to analyze microsatellite length polymorphism in the other. A total of 48 sets of primer pairs, flanking bovine microsatellites and giving polymorphic PCR products in that species, were tested with template DNA from sheep, horses, and humans. Specific products were obtained in 27 cases (56%) with ovine DNA, 20 of which (42%) showed polymorphisms. With equine DNA, 3 (6.2%) gave specific but monomorphic products, while no specific products were obtained using human DNA. The ability to use heterologous PCR primers, coupled with comparative mapping information will facilitate the use of DNA microsatellites in gene mapping studies in closely related species such as cattle and sheep, rat and mouse, or primates.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Crystallographic studies and semi-empirical MNDO calculations on quisqualic acid and its analogues: systems containing unusual pyramidal heterocyclic ring nitrogens.

X-ray crystallographic studies on synthetic DL-quisqualic acid and the corresponding carbon analogue have revealed pyramidal and almost planar geometries respectively for the ring nitrogen atoms carrying the alkyl side chain. Semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations on methyl-substituted model systems predict ring geometries in close agreement with experimentally observed data. The calculated energy barriers between the two enantiomeric forms (invertomers) of the oxadiazolidine systems along with some physical data would suggest that such forms are rapidly interconverting.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical and haematological evidence of endotoxic shock in gnotobiotic lambs with watery mouth disease.

Eight gnotobiotic lambs deprived of colostrum were infected by mouth when two hours old with nonenterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. All developed clinical signs of watery mouth disease and seven died within 24 hours. The mean concentrations of several blood constituents were determined in samples taken at intervals until 24 hours after infection in infected lambs and in four control lambs. The biochemical and haematological changes observed in the lambs developing watery mouth disease were those characteristic of endotoxic shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The action of natural and synthetic isomers of quisqualic acid at a well-defined glutamatergic synapse.

L-, D- and DL-quisqualic acid have been synthesized and their activities at the glutamatergic locust nerve-muscle junction have been compared with those of natural quisqualic acid and with glutamic acid. Two well-characterised locust nerve-muscle preparations were used in these studies, the retractor unguis nerve-muscle system and the extensor tibiae nerve-muscle system. The amino acids were tested on the whole nerve-muscle system in the former, when reduction in neurally evoked twitch contraction amplitude was the measured parameter, and by ionophoretic application to single excitatory junctional sites in the latter, when amplitude of junctional depolarization was the measured parameter. Synthetic L-quisqualic acid exhibited identical potency to its natural counterpart. However, D-quisqualic acid and DL-quisqualic acid were more active than expected from the known stereospecificity of this glutamatergic system towards D- and L-glutamic acid. The hydantoin analogue of quisqualic acid was inactive. X-ray crystallographic analysis of L-quisqualic acid and the hydantoin analogue showed that the ring junction in the former is pyramidal whereas in the latter it is planar. This may account for the high potency of L-quisqualic acid on a receptor system which identifies a partially folded conformation of L-glutamic acid. A pyramidal configuration of D-quisqualic acid would allow either rapid interconversion between active and inactive configurations at its ring junction or adoption of a trigonal configuration in solution. Either interpretation could explain the unexpected potency of D-quisqualic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Antibiotic suseptibility of bacteria isolated from oral infections.

Exudates from bacterial infections of oral soft tissues were cultured and tested for antiobiotic susceptibility. Of 74 specimens tested, 68 were cultivable on blood agar; 56 of the cultivable exudates were pure cultures and 12 were mixed cultures. Strepococci and staphylococci accounted for 57% and 34%, respectively, of the pure cultures. Anaerobic bacteria were found in nearly 15% of the pure culture exudates. Gramnegative organisms accounted for about 4% of the pure cultures. Virtually all of the pure and mixed streptococcal cultures were sensitive or moderately susceptible to ampicillin, cephalothin, and penicillin; however, approximately 50% of the streptococal and staphylocococcal isolates were resistant to demeclocycline hydrochloride and erythromycin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗