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Biomedical subjects

T K Dutta

Publications and source records attributed to T K Dutta.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Acute toxicity of cadmium to fish Labeo rohita and copepod Diaptomus forbesi pre-exposed to CaO and KMnO4.

96-h LC50 values of cadmium (Cd) to fish Labeo rohita and the copepod Diaptomus forbesi, determined by static bioassays, were, respectively, 89.5 and 10.2 mg/l. LC50 values increased significantly when fish pre-exposed to 100-350 mg/l CaO or 0.5-1.5 mg/l KMnO4 for 4 d and the copepod to 20-70 mg/l CaO or 0.25-1.0 mg/l KMnO4 for same period. The LC50 values also increased when the pre-exposure period of CaO was increased to 12 d at concentration 100 mg/l for fish and 20 mg/l for copepod. All fish died when pre-exposed to 1.5 mg/l KMnO4 for 8 d. But LC50 values of Cd to copepod increased when pre-exposure period of 0.5 mg/l KMnO4 was increased from 4 to 8 d.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

Isolation of aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus and detection of aflatoxin B1 from feeds in India.

In a preliminary study, 256 feed samples collected from different parts of Northern India were examined for the presence of aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus favus/parasiticus and for detection of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Out of 198 A. flavus and 15 A. parasiticus strains isolated, 76% and 86% respectively, were found to be toxigenic. Aflatoxin B1 content of these feeds, as estimated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were very high (average 0.412+/-0.154 ppm) in comparison to the permissible Indian regulation level (0.03 ppm). Seasonal variation of incidence and level of toxin in feed was recorded and it was high during monsoon/post monsoon period.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed2001

Biodegradation of n-alkylcycloalkanes and n-alkylbenzenes via new pathways in Alcanivorax sp. strain MBIC 4326.

The degradation of long-chain n-alkylbenzenes and n-alkylcyclohexanes by Alcanivorax sp. strain MBIC 4326 was investigated. The alkyl side chain of these compounds was mainly processed by beta-oxidation. In the degradation of n-alkylcyclohexanes, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid was formed as an intermediate. This compound was further transformed to benzoic acid via 1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid.

Benzene Derivatives↗
PubMed2001

Dapsone in treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults.

BACKGROUND: When a patient is steroid-dependant, a currently available strategy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is to follow a trial and error approach with any of the known drugs which has been found effective in the condition. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the response of chronic ITP to dapsone, an inexpensive drug now reported to be effective in the disease. DESIGN: A controlled trial of abstinence and rechallenge type. SUBJECTS: Eight subjects with chronic ITP. INTERVENTIONS: Phase I - Intake of 100 mg of dapsone daily until response (in form of rise of platelet count in blood), Phase II - Above followed by drug abstinence, minimum for four weeks, and then rechallenge with the drug. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Platelet counts during various phases viz during drug intake, withdrawal and rechallenge. RESULTS: Four (50%) patients responded to treatment. The mean pre-dapsone and post-dapsone platelet counts of blood were 29.6 x 10(9)/l and 142.5 x 10(9)/l respectively during the first phase of trial. The rechallenge was done in five patients following withdrawal of drug and the mean values of platelet count before and after rechallenge were 32.2 x 10(9)/l and 83 x 10(9)/l respectively. There was a remarkable response in two patients; one is now off the drug and the other on a maintenance dose of 50 mg of dapsone daily. CONCLUSION: Dapsone caused significant rise of platelet count in some patients of chronic ITP. It can be tried as an alternative to other second-line drugs in chronic ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Dose and frequency of anti-snake venom injection in treatment of Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper) bite.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the adequacy of initial standard dose of 100 ml of polyvalent anti-snake venom (ASV) and subsequent doses of 50 ml in correcting coagulation dysfunction in cases of viperine bite and to find the incidence of recurrence of coagulation dysfunction. The other objective was to correlate total requirement of ASV with initial coagulation profile. METHODS: Forty two adult patients of Echis carinatus bite with features of systemic envenomation, admitted over a period of 18 months, were monitored every six hours with bed-side clotting time (CT) and were given an initial standard dose of 100 ml of ASV intravenously. Further doses of 50 ml were administered six hourly until coagulation profile normalised or whenever a recurrence of coagulation dysfunction observed. RESULTS: Twenty one (50%) of 42 patients who received initial standard dose of 100 ml of ASV required a subsequent 50 ml of ASV. Ten (23.8%) of them required a further 50 ml on subsequent test (making the total requirement at least 200 ml). Sixteen (72.7%) of 22 patients who had incoagulable blood at entry required further dose of anti-snake venom (after initial 100 ml), six required 150 ml and ten 200 ml or more before CT returned to normal. Recurrence of venom antigenemia as evidenced by prolonged clotting time was noticed in 15 patients (35.7%). The mean dose requirement of anti-snake venom was 179.2 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Total requirement of anti-snake venom correlated positively with degree of coagulation dysfunction at entry. Hence patients having incoagulable blood at entry should be administered higher initial dose of ASV i.e., 150-200 ml. If needed as judged by CT, subsequent dose of ASV in patients having still incoagulable blood should be 100 ml (and those having mild dysfunction 50 ml) until total correction occurs Recurrence of coagulation dysfunction was observed in approximately one-third of patients and thus, CT should be monitored even after total correction.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hepatic artery mycotic aneurysm of tubercular aetiology.

Hepatic artery aneurysm caused by tuberculosis is extremely rare, the commonest being atherosclerosis and vasculitis. A 13 year boy admitted with suspected disseminated tuberculosis had a hepatic bruit. Patient died of aneurysmal rupture before antemortem etiological diagnosis could be established. Postmortem examination revealed widespread tubercular lesions in the chest and abdomen and hepatic artery aneurysm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Human anthrax in India: urgent need for effective prevention.

Anthrax is a zoonotic illness caused by Bacillus anthracis. Sporadic cases continue to be reported from many parts of the world. From India, both sporadic cases and outbreaks are being reported regularly. The Union Territory of Pondicherry (a former French colony) lies on the coast of Bay of Bengal, where the incidence of anthrax is on the rise with 28 cases being detected in the year 1999 and 2000 alone. So far, about 34 human cases have been encountered in this region. Recently, an increase in the number of anthrax cases has been noted in veterinary and human practice in this area. Most cases have occurred in agricultural labourers who gave history of handling animal meat or skin of infected animals. The meningitic form of the disease has a very bad prognosis. Patients with this form of disease died despite treatment with high dose penicillin. The typical bacilli were seen in the CSF in all cases of anthrax meningitis and was diagnostic of the condition. The cutaneous form of illness had a benign course and responded favourably to penicillin treatment. Awareness among clinicians and mandatory reporting of cases to public health departments along with public education will help control morbidity and mortality due to anthrax. Effective immunization of animals is the other important control measure for anthrax.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Bioconversion of progesterone by the activated immobilized conidia of Aspergillus ochraceus TS.

Progesterone was transformed to its 11alpha-hydroxy derivative (100% e.e) by the activated immobilized conidia of Aspergillus ochraceus TS. The immobilized preparation retained 79% of free conidial activity. The immobilized conidia, activated by nutrients, exhibited an increase in 11alpha-hydroxylation, and it was free of the side product 6beta, 11alpha-dihydroxy progesterone. The half life and turnover of immobilized and activated immobilized conidia were 14 and 12 days and 187 and 416 micromoles of the product/g of conidia respectively. The pH and temperature profiles of the free conidia remained unaltered after immobilization and activation. Some germination of conidia inside the matrix owing to incubation with nutrients was detected by scanning electron microscopy.

Alginates↗
PubMed1999

Ciprofloxacin-induced bone marrow depression.

Ciprofloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, is generally considered to be a safe drug. However, occasionally it may have life-threatening complications. Two instances of bone marrow failure following use of ciprofloxacin are reported. In one case, the bone marrow reverted to normal following withdrawal of the drug. In the other case, the patient succumbed to irreversible bone marrow depression leading to severe thrombocytopenia and uncontrolled bleeding. This could have been an idiosyncratic reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Organophosphate poisoning: predicting the need for ventilatory support.

The present study evaluated 103 consecutive patients of organophosphate poisoning with special reference to the need for ventilatory support. Of 103 patients, 36(34.95%) required assisted ventilation. The need for ventilatory support was significantly more with greater time duration for institution of specific treatment, low level of sensorium at admission, pin-point pupils and generalized fasciculations, presence of convulsions, presence of respiratory insufficiency at admission, and higher initial atropine requirement for atropinization. The study also proposes a system of grading of severity, modified from the existing systems proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Reductase gene sequences and protein structures: p-cymene methyl hydroxylase.

Oxygenases are critical to cycling carbon in the biosphere and dependent on reductase action, principally from flavoprotein enzymes. Oxygenase diversity among organisms and strains carries a common theme of protein sequence and folding. p-Cymene (para-isopropyl toluene) was chosen as a point of convergence in terpene-aromatic mineralization to characterize a methyl hydroxylase electron transport system with the aerobe Pseudomonas aureofaciens. The cymA hydroxylase reductase gene was isolated and sequenced and the protein primary structure deduced. Optimized amino acid sequence alignments of flavoprotein reductases revealed major similarities over protein length, in the binding domains for NAD(P)H, and the flavine centers of pro- and eukaryote systems.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Correlation of renal status with hematologic profile in viperine bite.

Viper venom is mainly hemotoxic and causes coagulation disorders. One of the serious complications of viperine bite is renal failure. Forty adult cases of viper bite with systemic envenomation were studied for renal abnormality. Renal involvement was noted in 13 (32.5%) cases, of which eight (61.5%) had primary fibrinogenolysis and five (38.5%) had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Eight cases (61.5%) with renal dysfunction had incoagulable blood, whereas five (38.5%) had mild coagulation abnormality; however, none of the cases with incoagulable blood who received polyvalent anti-snake venom (ASV) within 8 hr of being bitten developed renal abnormality. In the majority of cases (61.5%), renal dysfunction persisted for more than a week longer than coagulation defects despite adequate treatment. Two cases died. Renal biopsy done in three cases with renal dysfunction revealed acute tubular necrosis. We concluded that renal abnormality correlated well with the degree of coagulation abnormality when left untreated due to late arrival at the hospital. Early administration of ASV prevents renal damage however severe the coagulation abnormality. It appears that DIC is not the cause of renal dysfunction in all cases of acute renal failure, and direct toxicity caused by venom could be responsible for renal dysfunction in certain cases.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1997

Correlation of clinical and hematologic profiles with bone marrow responses in typhoid fever.

Thirty-six adult patients with typhoid fever were studied. Severe, moderate, and mild typhoid fevers were observed in 17 (47.2%), 17 (47.2%), and two (5.6%) patients, respectively. Twenty-eight (77.8%) had either isolated anemia (i.e., anemia unaccompanied by other blood component cytopenias) or mixed cytopenias. Three patients (8.3%) had pancytopenia. Sixteen patients (44.5%) had either total or partial bone marrow suppression. In five (31.3%) with partial suppression, the effect of bone marrow suppression was not reflected in peripheral blood. Sixteen (48.5%) of 33 had peripheral blood cytopenias that were not accompanied by concurrent bone marrow suppression, suggesting a peripheral mechanism responsible for the blood dyscrasia in those cases. No patient had evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. There was no correlation between clinical severity of disease and bone marrow changes. Bone marrow/peripheral blood changes did not influence the outcome of the disease, since all the patients recovered fully after treatment.

Adolescent↗