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Biomedical subjects

T K Liu

Publications and source records attributed to T K Liu.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Traumatic dislocation of the hip.

Of 125 patients with traumatic dislocation of the hips treated, 96 were reviewed retrospectively; 80 were males and 16 females with an age range from seven to 81 years (mean, 33.5 years). Motorcycle accidents were the leading cause of traumatic dislocation in this series (40 cases, 42%). Associated injuries were found in 68 cases (70.8%). Seventy-seven hips (80%) were reduced within 24 hours. In follow-up periods ranging from 15 months to 18 years (mean, 7.5 years), 56 patients had excellent or good results (58.3%). Statistical analysis of the clinical results showed that those patients with simple dislocations had better functional recovery. The earlier the reduction, the better the results. Associated injuries affected prognoses. Good results were obtained in patients with early, stable, and accurate reductions by either closed or open methods.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

Supracondylar fractures of the femur.

Ninety-three supracondylar fractures of the femur treated with 95 degrees angulated condylar plates were retrospectively evaluated. Seventy-one patients were males and 22 were females; ages ranged from 15 to 80 years (mean, 46.9 years). Seventy-two patients were involved in traffic accidents; 44 of them were victims of motorcycle accidents. Twenty patients sustained open fractures. Fifty patients had associated injuries, 41 of them had multiple fractures. There were 13 patients referred for management of complications. The followup periods ranged from 1 to 10 years (4.6 years). Seventy-nine patients had excellent/good results. Eighty-one patients achieved sound union. Stiffness of knee, nonunion, delayed union, and infection were the major complications. Careful selection of the patients, adherence to the principles of anatomic reduction and rigid fixation, and early mobilization are essential for satisfactory outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Computed tomography in untreated congenital hip dislocation in adolescence].

Untreated cases of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) in the adolescent age are rarely encountered in the western world but are not uncommon in our clinical practice. The pathoanatomy has not been well studied. Previously poor results of operative treatment are partially related to this lack of understanding of the true pathoanatomy and the failure to select the appropriate modality of treatment. Computed tomography (CT) has the capability to show the three-dimensional structure and was used in this study. From September 1985 to July 1988, we had 15 patients (18 dislocated hips) for CT study. Their ages ranged from 8 years 6 months to 22 years 5 months. The patients were divided into 4 types according to the position of dislocation, formation of pseudojoint and size of the true acetabulum: (1) high dislocation without pseudojoint formation; (2) high dislocation with pseudojoint formation; (3) low dislocation with pseudojoint formation; and (4) wide acetabulum. By measuring the diameter of the true acetabulum and femoral head, and the anteversion of the true acetabulum and proximal femur, we had the following results: (1) the size of the acetabulum and femoral head in dislocated hips were smaller than the normal side; (2) most of the acetabula in the dislocated hips were still large enough to accommodate the corresponding femoral heads, even up to the age of 22 years; and (3) the degree of anteversion was similar between the acetabula in normal and dislocated hips, but was more prominent in the proximal femur of a dislocated hip than the normal side.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1990

Surgical treatment of tibial shaft fracture: experience of 207 cases.

From January 1984 to March 1988, 210 tibial shaft fractures in 207 patients treated by intramedullary nails, and by plate and screws and extraskeletal fixation were studied. There were 166 men and 41 women. Of the fractures, 95 (42.2%) of the 210 tibial shaft fractures were closed fractures and 115 (54.8%) were open fractures [Grade I: 44 (21.0%), Grade II: 39 (18.6%), and Grade III: 32 (15.2%)]. The incidence of associated injury was 44.3% and it was highest in the group with extraskeletal fixation (64.7%). Intramedullary nailing was performed in the majority of these fractures (127 out of 210) and yielded the best results in this series. Kuntscher's nailing resulted in nonunion in 3 cases (2.8%), superficial infections in 3 cases (2.8%) and deep infections in 4 cases (3.8%). Interlocking nailing resulted in nonunion in 1 case (4.8%), superficial infection in 1 case (4.8%) and deep infections in 3 cases (14.3%). Plate and screws fixation was performed primarily for metaphyseal fractures (71.4%) and resulted in nonunion in 4 cases (8.1%), superficial infection in 1 case (2.0%) and deep infection in 5 (10.2%). In the group treated with extraskeletal fixation, inasmuch as there were more cases of compromised soft tissue (open fracture, 97.1%), a higher incidence of associated major injuries (64.7%) and more cases of comminution of the bone (67.6%), the final results were less satisfactory. Nonunion was noted in 26.5% of the cases, superficial infection in 2.9% of the cases, and deep infection in 32.4% of the cases. From our study, we conclude that in appropriately selected patients, surgical fixation of tibial shaft fractures can produce a good functional recovery with an acceptable low rate of complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The role of continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty.

A retrospective review of 25 knees with postoperative continuous passive motion (CPM) treatment following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was compared with a control group of 25 knees without postoperative CPM. The diagnoses were similar in both groups, with osteoarthritis in 43 knees, traumatic arthritis in 2 knees, rheumatoid arthritis in 2 knees, osteonecrosis in one knee, and gouty arthritis in one knee. Average knee flexion at discharge was 93.2 degrees in the CPM group and 86.5 degrees in the control group (p less than 0.01). Eighty percent of the CPM group and 64% of the control group had achieved 90 degrees of flexion before hospital discharge. The time required to achieve 90 degrees of flexion after TKA averaged 9.6 days in the CPM group and 11 days in the control group (p less than 0.01). There was no significant difference in flexion at 3 months or at 1 year postoperatively between the two groups. The duration of hospitalization was not significantly different between the two groups. One knee in the CPM group and 3 knees in the control group required manipulation. Wound hemovac drainage and transfusion requirements were not significantly different. The number of pain medication was not significantly different between the two groups. The CPM made the TKA knee achieve motion earlier with fewer complications.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Bilateral Warthin's tumors in a Chinese--literature review and case report.

Warthin's tumor is an unusual benign salivary gland tumor. It is predominantly found in Caucasians and is rare in non-Caucasians. The chief affected area of the tumor is the parotid gland. Of all salivary gland neoplasms, Warthin's tumor is the only lesion which is truly multicentric so it may have a second primary lesion, not a recurrence. The peak incidence is in the sixth decade of life. In sexual distribution, there is a male predominance but the incidence of female is progressively increasing. According to Lemelas's study, the increase in female incidence may relate to the increasing population of cigarette smoking of women. Bilateral parotid gland involvement is uncommon. The chief treatment of the tumor is surgical excision. The surgical methods include enucleation, superficial parotidectomy, total parotidectomy. It is very important to protect the facial nerves from injury during surgery. In this paper, we report a case of bilateral metachronous Warthin's tumors with cystic degeneration of parotid glands in a Chinese. Other than literature review and case report, four different methods to protect facial nerves from injury were briefly described.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1989

Surgical management of musculoskeletal involvement in hemophilic patients.

Since the establishment of a Hemophilic Center at the National Taiwan University Hospital in 1984, all hemophilic patients have been registered. They have received regular follow-ups by specialists in appropriate fields. Orthopedic surgeons are assigned to evaluate and handle the complications of the musculoskeletal system. From January 1984 to April 1988, 20 of these patients were referred for various reconstructive procedures. Seventeen had a moderate to severe depletion of factor VIII and 2 had a severe factor IX deficiency. The indications for surgery include pain, swelling, frequent bleeding, and flexion contracture of the involved joints. Knee joints outnumbered the others. The operative procedures included: synovectomy in 7 patients, total knee replacement in 3 patients, total hip replacement in 1 patient, tendon reconstruction and supracondylar osteotomy of the femur in 3 patients, excision of a pseudotumor or cyst in 4 patients and amputation in 2 patients. Postoperatively, joint pain was relieved greatly, recurrent bleeding became rare and walking ability was significantly improved. To prevent a decrease in the arc of motion of the operated knee joint, exercise was initiated early using a continuous passive motion machine with promising results. Postoperative complications were minimal. Indications for various surgical procedures, and the details of hematological handling are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Experimental allograft in spinal fusion in dogs.

Fifty-six dogs were used for the comparison of the allogenous and autogenous bone graft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion. Excluding 7 cases with wound infections, the end results of the allograft and autograft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion were nearly the same, provided that the rules of technique for the spinal fusion were strictly followed, especially in the allograft group. Grossly, there was a reduction tendency in the fusion mass of the allograft group that was proven by roentgenographic examination of the harvested spinal block. Histologically, there was no evidence of regeneration of the allograft that can be readily detected in the autograft. In the allograft group, osteogenesis can only be seen in the recipient sites, the allograft transplants become sequestrated and resorbed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Arthrodesis of the nonrheumatoid wrist.

From March 1977 to September 1986, wrist arthrodesis was performed on 20 patients with various nonrheumatoid wrist disorders. Among them, 16 patients were men and 4 were women. Their ages ranged from 13 to 48 years, with a mean of 28.1 years. The various disorders included giant cell tumor, tuberculosis, flaccid wrist, and traumatic osteoarthritis. The major symptoms included pain, swelling, stiffness and deformity, that persisted for over 12 months before hospitalization. Both clinical and radiological examination were included for evaluation. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 126 months, with a mean of 55 months. The results showed that the pain subsided, the grip strength increased, and the functional range of motion was preserved. All patients were able to carry normal lives. The major complication was rare. The only one nonunion case achieved a solid union after revision. Although wrist arthrodesis has its own disadvantages, it still effectively solves many wrist problems in carefully selected cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A new jig for proximal tibial osteotomy.

The result of a proximal dome-shaped tibial osteotomy depends greatly on the accuracy of the surgical procedure. Contemporary jigs still are not sufficiently precise to provide three-dimensional guidance. A new jig was designed to place the pins correctly in both coronal and sagittal planes and to provide anterior advancement of the distal fragment of the tibia. The results obtained with this relatively simple device are predictable and reproducible.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1987

Salvage of tourniquet-induced thumb necrosis by a modified wraparound procedure.

Rolled finger gloves were used as ring tourniquets on a case of amputation injury of bilateral thumbs. Necrosis of soft tissue of the right thumb occurred due to mistakenly prolonged use of the tourniquet. Later the patient successfully underwent a toe-to-thumb transfer (modified wraparound procedure). The precautions in using finger tourniquets are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical use of refrigerated flexor tendon allografts to replace a silicone rubber rod.

Thirty-five patients with grades II through V flexor tendon damage in 42 fingers were treated first with a silicone rubber rod prosthesis and later with a flexor tendon allograft. The final results were evaluated by recording the distance each finger lacked in flexing to the distal palmar crease and by recording the total active motion of each finger. By the first measurement, 63% had good flexion, 21% fair, and 16% poor; and 8% had good total active motion, 71% fair, and 21% poor. An allograft can be used successfully in a two-stage reconstruction of flexor tendons, but based on other reports, an autograft may provide somewhat better results.

Adolescent↗