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T Kamiki

Publications and source records attributed to T Kamiki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Participation of neuropeptides in antigen-induced contraction of guinea pig bronchi via NK(2) but not NK(1) receptor stimulation.

We evaluated the contribution of neuropeptides to antigen-induced contractions of isolated bronchi and tracheae of passively sensitized guinea pigs using CP-96345 and SR 48968, specific antagonists of NK(1) and NK(2) receptors, respectively, in combination with treatment by an antihistaminic and a cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist. SR-48968 but not CP-96345, significantly inhibited the late phase of the bronchial contraction. Phosphoramidon, a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, tended to potentiate bronchial contraction. Posttreatment with SR-48968 decreased the enhanced contraction induced by the inhibitor as well as the nonenhanced contraction to similar levels of tension. On the other hand, antigen-induced tracheal contraction was not altered by either neuropeptide antagonist. These results suggest that neuropeptides mediate the antigen-induced contractile response of the guinea pig bronchus partly through NK(2) receptor stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolites from guinea pig eosinophils and macrophages.

To investigate the cellular sources of arachidonate metabolites during asthma, in vitro productions of thromboxane (TX) B2, prostaglandin (PG) D2, leukotriene (LT) B4 and cysteinyl (Cys) LTs from guinea pig eosinophils and macrophages simultaneously stimulated with the Ca ionophore A23187 were investigated. Eosinophils produced high levels of LTB4 and TXB2 and relatively low levels of CysLTs and PGD2. Although macrophages released abundant TXB2 and a little PGD2, 5-lipoxygenase metabolites were below detectable levels. In conclusion, eosinophils produced both cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase metabolites, while arachidonate metabolism in the macrophages was almost completely inclined toward the cyclooxygenase pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Fluorimetric determination of aluminium in serum.

A convenient fluorimetric method for the routine determination of aluminium in serum has been developed using lumogallion [4-chloro-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonic acid]. Losses of aluminium during deproteinisation of the serum were prevented by treatment with a combination of 20 or 30% m/V trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and 5% m/VTCA. Iron(III) was removed by extraction into chloroform with capriquat (methyltrioctylammonium chloride) as an Fe3+-lumogallion-capriquat ternary complex. The interference from Cu2+ was eliminated by using thiosulphate as a masking agent. The detection limit was 3.6 ng ml-1 and the calibration graph was linear up to 1.4 micrograms ml-1 of aluminium. Using the proposed method, the average concentration of aluminium in the serum of healthy subjects was found to be 6.8 ng ml-1, in agreement with values reported in the literature.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1989

[A strain of Pseudomonas vesicularis isolated from shower hose which supports the multiplication of Legionella].

In Japan, a fatal case due to Legionella micdadei was first recognized in our laboratory in 1986. On the epidemiological study just after the case, no Legionella was detected from the environmental samples of the patient's residence, such as shower water, tank water and so on. In the course of prospective investigations, no Legionella was isolated, but many organisms were grown on BCYE alpha and MWY agar plates. In the retrospective study, one of these organisms was found to support satellite growth of Legionella on BCYEagar without L-cysteine. This was the isolate from the shower hose and identified as Pseudomonas vesicularis with the biochemical and DNA-DNA hybridization test. And P. vesicularis type strain ATCC11426 also supported satellite growth of Legionella. Especially in the water supply system, the existence of P. vesicularis seemed to be effective on the growth of Legionella. It must be taken into consideration that efforts made to isolate the nutrient produced organisms as well as Legionella are needed.

Legionella↗
PubMed1986

The adsorption of endotoxin molecule in a microporous polyethylene hollow fibre membrane.

The microporous polyethylene hollow fibre membrane is capable of adsorbing small-sized lipopolysaccharides (LPS) prepared by sonication dispersion, column chromatography on Sephadex G-75 and filtration through a filter membrane with a nominal pore size of 0.025 micron. Small-sized LPS had a one-thousandth of endotoxin activity as compared to intact LPS, when determined by the Synthetic Chromogenic Substrate method of LAL with a specific endotoxin activity of 73.7 ng/micrograms LPS. Fluorescent microscopy of fluorescein conjugated LPS on a microporous polyethylene hollow fibre showed that fluorescein-LPS was adsorbed through the entire depth of the membrane texture. Accordingly the adsorption capacity of the filter for small-sized LPS was determined as 1.65 mg LPS/3.68 m2 surface/116 mg fibre/module.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1986

Endotoxin removal from water using microporous polyethylene chopped fibres as a new adsorbent.

A new adsorbent, microporous polyethylene chopped fibre, was produced from a high density polyethylene. This can adsorb lipopolysaccharides (LPS) linearly up to 2 h, and showed the highest capacity to adsorb LPS when compared with two other polyethylene-based adsorbents and a polystyrene-based adsorbent. More than twice as much orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide were adsorbed in the new adsorbent as was LPS. The adsorption isotherm of the new adsorbent for LPS was of Ln type, the correlation between adsorption and concentration of solute was proportional; whereas orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide were of L type (greater adsorption than Ln type); tetrachloroethylene adsorption was of S type, less than Ln type. Adsorption of LPS to the new adsorbent increased when temperature rose, whereas adsorption of orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide decreased. These data suggest that the binding of LPS to the new adsorbent is a hydrophobic interaction, whereas the binding of both orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide is not. The new adsorbent has a greater potential for the removal of endotoxin from tap water than other commercially available adsorbents such as charcoal and Amberlite XAD-2.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1986

Removal of endotoxin from water by microfiltration through a microporous polyethylene hollow-fiber membrane.

The microporous polyethylene hollow-fiber membrane has a unique microfibrile structure throughout its depth and has been found to possess the functions of filtration and adsorption of endotoxin in water. The membrane has a maximum pore diameter of approximately 0.04 micron, a diameter which is within the range of microfiltration. Approximately 10 and 20% of the endotoxin in tap water and subterranean water, respectively, was smaller than 0.025 micron. Endotoxin in these water sources was efficiently removed by the microporous polyethylene hollow-fiber membrane. Escherichia coli O113 culture broth contained 26.4% of endotoxin smaller than 0.025 micron which was also removed. Endotoxin was leaked into the filtrate only when endotoxin samples were successively passed through the membrane. These results indicate that endotoxin smaller than the pore size of the membrane was adsorbed and then leaked into the filtrate because of a reduction in binding sites. Dissociation of 3H-labeled endotoxin from the membrane was performed, resulting in the removal of endotoxin associated with the membrane by alcoholic alkali at 78% efficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The antibacterial activity of new cephem antibiotics against clinical isolates. A comparison of the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime with 6 other antibiotics].

During the period from May through July 1981, a comparative study was carried out on the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftizoxime (CZX), cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX), cefotiam (CTM), cefmetazole (CMZ) and cefazolin (CEZ). CTX and these other cephem antibiotics were tested against fresh clinical isolates which had been obtained from clinical materials by the laboratories of 14 participating medical institutions. 1. The clinical isolates were obtained from various clinical materials in the following decreasing order: urine, sputum and pus/discharge; 85.7% of the isolates came from these materials. 2. Concerning the sources of each species of clinical isolates, it was found that P. aeruginosa was isolated from the greatest number -9- of different clinical materials. This was followed by E. coli and E. cloacae, each isolated from 8 different clinical materials, and C. freundii and E. aerogenes, each found in 7 different clinical materials. 3. In relation to S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae and S. pneumoniae, CTX showed the best antibacterial activity; the second most potent antibiotic was CZX. CMZ and LMOX were found to show relatively high MIC values for those species. Against S. aureus, CEZ showed the best antibacterial activity, but 3 resistant strains had MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 4. With regard to Gram-negative bacteria, CTX and CZX showed the best antibacterial activities for all of the species, except for P. aeruginosa. These were followed, in order, by LMOX and CPZ. Compared with these 4 antibiotics, CTM, CMZ and CEZ were found to have inferior antibacterial activities against these bacteria. In relation to P. aeruginosa, the peak of the MIC distribution for CPZ was 6.25 micrograms/ml, and this was the best antibacterial activity detected with the various antibiotics tested. This was followed by CTX (25 micrograms/ml) LMOX (25 micrograms/ml) and CZX (50 micrograms/ml). CTM had an MIC of 100 micrograms/ml for 1 strain, and MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml for all of the other strains of P. aeruginosa, indicating them to be resistant to this antibiotic. All of the strains were resistant to CMZ and CEZ, showing MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 5. For each of the tested antibiotics, no correlation was found between the MIC and the serogroup for either P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1982

Ozone decontamination of bioclean rooms.

To establish a convenient method for decontaminating bioclean rooms, the effect of ozone at 80 mg/m3 for 72 h was compared with formaldehyde vaporization at an initial concentration of 150 mg/m3 with a gradual decrease to 20 mg/m3 during 72 h. Ozone was found to be inferior to formaldehyde in activity. When the bioclean room was decontaminated twice with ozone, the mean colony count per 10 cm2 was decreased to about the same level as when formaldehyde was used. Ozone had a strong caustic effect upon rubber materials. Despite these disadvantages, ozone decontamination was demonstrated to be superior to formaldehyde vaporization because of convenience, insignificant inhalation of the disinfectant by the hospital staff, and very rapid expulsion of the gas after ventilation. Because the disadvantages of ozone can be easily controlled, this study suggests that ozone decontamination is a promising method for maintaining bioclean rooms.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1982

[Compared studies of antimicrobial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections].

In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus which were isolated from patients urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in Japan, were investigated by agar dilution method from July to October in 1979. The summarized results are as follows. 1. Among oral antibacterial agents, MPC and PPA have showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and Klebsiella. Among parenteral antibiotics, CTM was the most active against E. coli and Klebsiella. However, ABPC-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella have appeared to occupy about 40% and 96% of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections, respectively. 2. In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Proteus and Citrobacter showed not so potent. 3. Causative organisms in female patients with simple urinary tract infections were mainly E. coli and Klebsiella. 4. Among oral antibacterial agents, PPA have shown similar antimicrobial activities against E. coli isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections. ABPC and MPC have been influenced in some degree by these factors. However, parenteral antibiotics are not influenced by these factors. On the other hand, in vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Klebsiella isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections were similar.

Adult↗