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Biomedical subjects

T Kaneda

Publications and source records attributed to T Kaneda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of ammonium chloride on membrane currents of acinar cells dispersed from the rat parotid gland.

In acinar cells freshly dispersed from rat parotid glands, the effects of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) on membrane currents were studied using the whole-cell clamp method. When membrane currents were recorded with command pulses to 0 mV, applied at 2-s intervals from a holding potential of -70 mV, NH4Cl (5-20 mM) transiently decreased outward currents and then slowly increased both outward and inward currents. After reaching a peak in about 40-50 s, both outward and inward currents gradually decreased in the presence of NH4Cl and, on its wash-out, the currents returned to the control level. Butyrate (5-20 mM) had little effect on the resting membrane currents, but markedly inhibited the response to NH4Cl. Tetraethylammonium (5 mM) strongly reduced both the resting and NH4Cl-induced outward currents, whereas it slightly potentiated the NH4Cl-induced inward current without affecting the membrane current at the holding potential. Without ATP in the patch pipettes, carbachol-induced membrane currents were relatively resistant to Ca2+ removal from the external medium, but NH4Cl-induced currents were quickly abolished in the absence of Ca2+. We conclude that intracellular alkalinization with NH4Cl increases Ca2+ influx and activates Ca(2+)-dependent outward K+ and inward Cl- currents.

Ammonium Chloride↗
PubMed1992

Chinese medicine, Coix seeds increase peripheral cytotoxic T and NK cells.

Coix seeds, a Chinese medicine have been used in Japan and reported to be effective in patients with verruca vulgaris and verrucae planae juveniles. We investigated the in vivo effects on lymphocyte subsets in seven healthy volunteers who took six tablets of Coix seeds three times a day (a typical dose) for four weeks. Leukocyte counts and the percentage of total lymphocytes did not change but the percentages of CD3+CD56+ cells and CD16+CD57- cells increased significantly. These results indicate that Coix seeds increase peripheral cytotoxic lymphocytes and may be effective to viral infection through the enhancement of cytotoxic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mitotic activity of cells in the fibrous zone of the rat mandibular condyle.

To investigate cell renewal in this fibrous zone, Wistar rats at 3 and 6 weeks of age were injected intraperitoneally with colchicine (1 mg/kg) three times, at 10:00, 13:00 and 16:00 h, and mitotic cells were examined after killing the rats at 18:00 h. Colchicine induced a significant increase in the number of arrested metaphases in the fibrous and the proliferating cell zone. The mitotic rates (per 1000 cells per h) in the fibrous zone at 3 weeks of age were 0.426 for the superficial layer and 0.266 for the deeper layer. These findings suggest that the fibrous zone of young rats grew with the proliferation of the cells within this zone. Age-associated histological changes in the fibrous zone were related to changes in mitotic rates within that zone.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Decreases in alpha beta T cell receptor negative T cells and CD8 cells, and an increase in CD4+ CD8+ cells in active Hashimoto's disease and subacute thyroiditis.

We examined peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, or subacute thyroiditis, in the active stage when possible. During destructive thyrotoxicosis arising from alpha beta T cell receptor (TCR) negative T (WT31-CD3+) cells and CD8 (CD4-CD8+) cells decreased and those of CD4+CD8+ cells increased slightly, resulting in proportional increases in CD4 (CD4+CD8-) cells, non-T, non-B (CD5-CD19-) cells, and the CD4/CD8 cell ratio. Changes were similar in active subacute thyroiditis. During stimulative thyrotoxicosis in active Graves' disease, the numbers of such T lymphocyte subsets were not changed, but only the number of CD5+ B (CD5+CD19+) cells increased markedly, resulting in proportional decreases in total T (CD3+) cells, alpha beta+ TCR T (WT31+CD3+) cells, CD8 cells, and non-T, non-B cells. A serial study of some of the patients showed opposite changes in alpha beta TCR- T cells, the CD4/CD8 cell ratio, and CD5+ B cells between the active stages of Graves' and Hashimoto's diseases. alpha beta TCR- T cells were mostly gamma delta TCR+ T (IIF2+ CD3+) cells in these patients. These data suggest that alpha beta TCR-T (gamma delta TCR+ T), CD8, and CD4+ CD8+ cells are important in thyroid destruction in Hashimoto's disease and subacute thyroiditis, and that CD5+ B cells are important in thyroid stimulation in Graves' disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ameloblastoma in the maxillomandibular region: MR imaging.

Nine patients suspected of having primary ameloblastoma of the mandible or maxilla and five patients with clinical and/or radiologic indications of postoperative recurrence of ameloblastoma were examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In the former, results were compared with those of conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), and pathologic analysis. Seven tumors were multilocular; two were unilocular. MR imaging showed a mixed pattern of solid and cystic components (n = 9), irregularly thick walls (n = 9), and papillary projections (n = 6). MR imaging was superior to conventional radiography and CT in demonstrating these findings. However, shell-like bulgings of the bone cortex were demonstrated more effectively with conventional radiography and/or CT in six cases, and soft-tissue invasion was overestimated with MR imaging in four cases. All tumors except one showed strong enhancement of solid components including papillary projections, walls, and septa at enhanced MR imaging. In the latter group of patients, MR imaging correctly demonstrated recurrence in two and no recurrence in three.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Intracellular localization and partial amino acid sequence of a stress-inducible 40-kDa protein in HeLa cells.

We earlier discovered a novel 40-kDa protein (hsp40) induced by heat shock and other stresses in mammalian and avian cells. In this report, we purified the hsp40 in HeLa cells, using modified two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and determined the amino terminal amino acid sequence of this protein. The hsp40 is homologous to DnaJ, an Escherichia coli heat-shock protein, as well as to DnaJ-homologous proteins in yeast such as SCJ1, Sec63/Np11, YDJ1 and SIS1. Indirect immunofluorescence staining using an anti-hsp40 polyclonal antibody demonstrated that hsp40 was localized faintly throughout the cell in non-heat-shocked cells and was accumulated in nuclei and nucleoli in heat-shocked cells. The intracellular localization of hsp40 was very similar to that of hsp70, suggesting that these two hsps colocalize in heat-shocked HeLa cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Effects of continuous heating at mild temperatures on the translocation of hsp70 and protein synthesis in NRK cells.

We investigated intracellular translocation of hsp70 and total protein synthesis during heating at mild temperatures in NRK (normal rat kidney) cells. When cells were heated at 41 degrees C, the hsp70 was translocated into the nuclei/nucleoli, then returned gradually to the cytoplasm during heating. Concomitantly, total protein synthesis first decreased to 80% of the control level, then recovered by 2 hr. This indicates the acquisition of translational thermotolerance during heating at 41 degrees C. The return of hsp70 to the cytoplasm seems to be related to the recovery of total protein synthesis. Similar relationships were obtained at 42 degrees C heating in the presence of glycerol. These results suggest that translocation of hsp70 into the nuclei/nucleoli is important for the recovery of protein synthesis (acquisition of translational thermotolerance) during heating at mild temperatures.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1992

Increase in peripheral natural killer cell activity in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Changes in the activity and number of natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease were examined. NK activity was measured in a 4-hr 51Cr-release assay and the number of NK cells was analyzed with FITC-conjugated monoclonal antibodies by use of an automated flow cytometer. NK activity in patients with untreated Graves' disease (n = 25, 39.7 +/- 13.5%, P less than 0.05) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 18, 41.0 +/- 14.2%, P less than 0.05) was high compared to the activity in non-pregnant controls (n = 61, 32.6 +/- 15.0%). NK activity in patients with postpartum Graves' thyrotoxicosis (n = 11, 48.6 +/- 18.9%) was markedly increased compared to the activity in non-pregnant controls (P less than 0.01) and in postpartum controls (n = 29, 33.8 +/- 15.2%, P less than 0.05), although the mean ages of each group did not differ significantly. Moreover, NK activities in the thyrotoxic state were significantly higher than those in the euthyroid state in the same patients with postpartum Graves' thyrotoxicosis or with postpartum destructive thyrotoxicosis. The number of CD16 positive cells increased in patients with postpartum Graves' thyrotoxicosis. However the number of CD16 and CD57 positive cells were normal in all other groups of patients. These results indicate that an increase of NK activity is associated with exacerbation of autoimmune thyroid disease both in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and in Graves' disease and suggest that NK cells might have an important role for the control of disease activity in autoimmune thyroid disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of renal function and prediction of renal functional recovery in children with unilateral hydronephrosis using renal pelvic urine].

In 29 children with unilateral hydronephrosis who underwent surgery at the age from 2 months to 15 years (27 patients with ureteropelvic junction stenosis and 2 with obstructive megaureter), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-MG), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin were determined in renal pelvic urine from the hydronephrotic kidney to evaluate renal dysfunction accompanying urinary tract obstruction. Moreover, it was also examined whether it is possible to predict functional recovery of the hydronephrotic kidney on the basis of relation between these indices and pre- and postoperative changes in renal dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) uptake rate. The values of beta 2-MG, alpha 1-MG, NAG and albumin in urine from the renal pelvis were high in 48%, 50%, 75% and 83% of the patients, respectively. Among the patients of one year and up, those with low preoperative DMSA uptake rate tended to have high values of beta 2-MG, alpha 1-MG and NAG. On the contrary, albumin level was high in 78% of patients who had good preoperative DMSA uptake rate. With respect to the relation between pre- and postoperative changes in DMSA uptake rate and each index, beta 2-MG and alpha 1-MG were high in 73% and 62% of patients who exhibited a marked increase in postoperative DMSA uptake rate. In patients without a remarkable change in DMSA uptake rate before and after surgery, on the other hand, the values of these were high only in 25% and 36%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of unilateral hydronephrosis upon contralateral renal growth].

UNLABELLED: To evaluate the effect of hydronephrosis on the growth of contralateral normal kidney, following experiment was designed and performed. EXPERIMENT: Three to four weeks old S-D rats weighing 80-90 g were used. The kidney development of these rats is considered to be roughly equivalent to that of a one year old child. Those rats were divided into three groups: (1) left nephrectomy (group N), (2) left ureteral ligation (group H), and (3) sham operation (group S). Bromodeoxy uridine (BrdU) was administered intraperitoneally on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th days after operations. One hour after injection of BrdU, right kidneys were removed and wet weight and labelling index (LI) of BrdU were calculated. Compensatory renal growth of right kidneys was observed in both group H and group N on and after 1st or 3rd day. In group N, the growth was accompanied by cellular proliferation, while in group H, hypertrophy was the major finding for up to 5th day. From 7th day on, when significant disorders became histologically evident in the left hydronephrotic kidneys, cell proliferation was also observed in the group H. The above results indicate that compensatory renal growth occurred in the contralateral normal kidney after unilateral ureteral ligation. Although proliferation of right renal tubular cells were recognized when significant tubular and interstitial damage of the left hydronephrotic kidneys were observed, hypertrophy was a major finding in an early stage. We suggest that these results were attributed to (1) reduction of nephron triggered to proliferate tubular cells and (2) the existence of hydronephrotic kidney inhibited tubular cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of circulating thyroid-stimulating activities in pregnant women with Graves' disease: differential measurement of activities induced by TSH receptor antibody and hCG].

Thyrotoxicosis in Graves' disease is often aggravated in early pregnancy and this aggravation is associated with postpartum relapse of thyrotoxicosis. To examine whether thyroid-stimulating TSH receptor antibody (TSAb) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which also has thyroid-stimulating activity (TSA), is responsible for this early aggravation, the respective TSA due to TSAb or hCG were evaluated with a sensitive cAMP accumulation assay using FRTL-5 cells. TSA, which was detectable in all of 11 women in normal early pregnancy, correlated positively with serum hCG level, but was abolished completely by the pretreatment of serum samples with the solid-phase hCG antibody coupled with Sepharose-4B. Total TSA in the model samples of mixture of Graves' and pregnant sera (Gr + Preg), was reduced by the pretreatment with the solid-phase antibody, just corresponding with the reduction in hCG-induced TSA. Total TSA in early pregnant sera in 15 patients with Graves' disease, decreased significantly but was still positive even by the pretreatment with the hCG antibody. Pregnancy-associated changes in TSA was examined serially in a patient with Graves' disease, and hCG-induced TSA increased predominantly along with the serum thyroid hormone in early aggravation period. These data indicate that (1) the respective TSA due to TSAb or hCG can be differentially measured by using the solid-phase hCG antibody and (2) hCG plays an important role for aggravation of Graves' thyrotoxicosis in early pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of proliferative cells by DNA polymerase a as a proliferation associated marker].

Proliferative cell fractions were measured by flow cytometry in 20 patients with acute leukemia, 4 with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis and 7 with malignant lymphoma. The cells were fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde followed by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase a. The DNA polymerase a-positive population was widely distributed in leukemia, from 20.4% to 84.7% in peripheral blood and from 6.5% to 92.5% in the bone marrow. A positive correlation was found between the values in peripheral blood and bone marrow. The values ranged from 66.4% to 88.1% in cells from cases of malignant lymphoma. Cryopreserved cells may be available for measurement of DNA polymerase a because the result obtained in both frozen and fresh cells were essentially the same.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of coix seed on the changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets].

Coix seed has been used in patients with verruca vulgaris and verruca planae juveniles, which have been considered to be induced by viral infection. Moreover, coixenolide, component in the seeds of coix, was reported to show anti-tumor activity. Possibly coix seed may have some influence on the cytotoxic activity of peripheral lymphocytes but there has been no data on this. Then we investigated the changes in number of cytotoxic lymphoid cells in seven volunteers before, during (four weeks) and after taking six coix seed tablets. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed with monoclonal antibodies using a flow cytometer. The level of CD3+CD56+ (MHC-non restricted cytotoxic T cells) markedly increased at four weeks (before 1.9 +/- 0.5% vs four weeks 4.2 +/- 0.7%, p less than 0.01). The level of CD16+CD57- (the mature, most active natural killer cells) increased at three weeks (before 4.5 +/- 0.8% vs three weeks 5.2 +/- 0.8%, p less than 0.05). The level of CD3-CD56+ (natural killer cells) and the level of CD16+CD57+ (the variable active natural killer cells) decreased at one week and returned to normal level thereafter (before 13.7 +/- 2.1% vs one week 11.2 +/- 1.5%, p less than 0.05; before 8.8 +/- 1.5% vs one week 6.9 +/- 1.3%, p less than 0.05, respectively). These results indicate that coix seed modulate the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and may be effective to virus disease through the enhancement of cytotoxic activity.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗