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Biomedical subjects

T Kim

Publications and source records attributed to T Kim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression of the chicken heme oxygenase-1 gene in transfected primary cultures of chick embryo liver cells.

Using chick heme oxygenase-1 (cHO-1) cDNA as a probe, three independent clones were identified from screening a lambda FixII chick genomic library. Genomic Southern blots using this cDNA probe or a cHO-1 5' specific probe showed that cHO-1 is a single-copy gene. Based on restriction enzyme analysis, Southern blots, polymerase chain reaction analysis and DNA sequencing, it was confirmed that the three overlapping clones isolated cover the entire cHO-1 gene, as well as approximately 10 kb of the flanking regions on both ends. As with mammalian HO-1x, cHO-1 has five exons and four introns. Computer analysis of the DNA sequence obtained identified consensus sequences corresponding to numerous transcription factor recognition elements. These include AP-1, AP-2, NF-kB, C/EBP, c-Myc and a metal-responding element identified in the promoter region, and two Sp-1 elements in intron 1. Transient expression studies in transfected primary cultures of chick embryo liver cells showed that a CAT reporter gene construct containing 2.8 kb of the cHO-1 promoter region responded to sodium arsenite, H2O2, transition metals and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, but not to heme. Studies with deletion mutants, consisting of various lengths of the cHO-1 promoter region, indicated that there are two regions important for sodium arsenite induction, one located between residues -1642 and -1293, and the second located in the first 263 base pairs of the cHO-1 promoter. DNA binding studies by electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that nuclear protein isolated from primary cultures of chick embryo liver cells bound to the oligonucleotide probe containing an AP-1 element identified at -1573 to -1580. In addition, such binding was increased by cobalt or sodium arsenite treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of L-arginine on the systemic, mesenteric, and hepatic circulation in patients with cirrhosis.

Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play an important role in modulating both the hepatic and mesenteric circulation under physiological and pathological conditions. We investigated how L-arginine, a precursor of NO, modifies the hepatic and mesenteric circulation in patients with cirrhosis. The study design was a single-blind controlled study. We measured the systemic and portal hemodynamics before and following intravenous L-arginine and saline infusion using pulsed Doppler ultrasonography in 20 patients with cirrhosis, and then the effects were compared with those found in 20 healthy subjects. In these patients, the effects of L-arginine on hepatic circulation were investigated using hepatic catheterization. L-Arginine infusion induced systemic vasodilation in both the healthy controls and the cirrhotic patients in a similar hemodynamic manner. In these patients, the L-arginine-induced increase in the portal flow was significantly higher than that of cardiac output (CO); however, the relation was the inverse in healthy subjects. Moreover, the L-arginine-induced increase in the portal flow was greater in the cirrhotic patients than that seen in healthy subjects. As a result, L-arginine infusion was thus found to selectively augment the hepatopetal portal blood flow in the cirrhotic liver. In patients, L-arginine infusion induced marked hepatic vasodilation as demonstrated by the reduced hepatic sinusoidal resistance (HSR) and increased estimated hepatic blood flow (EHBF) associated with the ameliorated intrinsic clearance of indocyanine green. Despite the fall in HSR, the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) increased following L-arginine infusion. The mesenteric and hepatic vascular areas of cirrhosis exhibited an increased susceptibility to the dilator action of L-arginine. These findings suggest that the enhanced NO production in the splanchnic vascular area has an important role in the hepatic circulation in patients with cirrhosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Parasites influence social rank and morphology, but not mate choice, in female red junglefowl, Gallus gallus.

Parasites can profoundly affect host morphology and behaviour, but previous work has focused on the effects of parasites on males. In the present study, we assessed the effects of infection with the nematode Ascaridia galli on the morphology and behaviour, including mate choice, of female red junglefowl. Hens infected with A. galli had lower mass and smaller combs than unparasitized birds when sexually mature. Parasite status had a significant effect on social rank in all-female flocks, with high-ranking birds being less likely to be parasitized. Larger females had higher social rank, but comb size was unrelated to social status. Neither parasite status nor social rank had any effect on mate choice. These results differ from those found for male red junglefowl, and suggest that males and females may allocate resources differently to comb versus growth. The low cost of choice in the red junglefowl mating system may also contribute to the lack of an effect of parasites and social status on mate choice Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing (FEESST) in healthy controls.

The purpose of this study was to introduce a new method of bedside assessment of both the motor and sensory components of swallowing called fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing (FEESST). This approach combines the established bedside endoscopic swallowing evaluation with a more recently described technique that allows objective determination of laryngopharyngeal (LP) sensory discrimination thresholds by delivering air pulse stimuli to the mucosa innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve via a flexible endoscope. A prospective study was conducted of FEESST in 20 healthy control subjects, mean age of 34 +/- 11 years. LP sensory thresholds were defined as either normal (< 4.0 mmHg air pulse pressure [APP]), moderate deficit (4.0-6.0 mmHg APP), or severe deficits (> 6.0 mmHg APP). Subsequent to LP sensory testing, food of varying consistencies, mixed with green food coloring, was given and attention was paid to spillage, laryngeal penetration, pharyngeal residue, aspiration, and reflux. Therapeutic maneuvers such as postural changes and airway protection techniques were performed on each subject to determine if the assessed swallowing parameters were affected by maneuvers. All patients completed the study; all had normal LP sensory discrimination thresholds (2.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg APP). There were no instances of spillage, laryngeal penetration, or aspiration. Two of 20 subjects had pharyngeal residue and 2 of 20 had reflux. Institution of therapeutic maneuvers resulted in a predictable change in the endoscopic view of the laryngopharyngeal anatomy. FEESST provides comprehensive, objective sensory and motor information about deglutition in the bedside setting and might have implications for the bedside diagnosis and management of patients with dysphagia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The effects of intraocular lidocaine on the corneal endothelium.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the direct effect of intraocular lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) 1% on corneal endothelial cell function, ultrastructure, and viability using an in vitro perfusion specular microscope system. DESIGN: Paired rabbit and human corneas were isolated and mounted in an in vitro specular microscope for endothelial perfusion evaluation. Corneas were perfused with a control solution (BSS Plus for humans, glutathione bicarbonate Ringer's [GBR] for rabbits) for a 1-hour stabilization period. After the stabilization period, one cornea of each matched pair was perfused with preservative-free lidocaine HCl 1% for 15 minutes followed by control solution for an additional 2 to 3 hours. The control cornea continued to receive either GBR or BSS Plus. Corneal thickness measurements were taken every 15 minutes throughout the perfusion period. Corneal swelling and deswelling rates were calculated by linear regression analysis. At the end of the experiment, corneas were fixed for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In another group of corneas, the endothelial viability was assayed after direct perfusion with lidocaine HCl 1%. RESULTS: Lidocaine HCl 1% caused endothelial cell edema, which reversed on removal of lidocaine from perfusion media. Corneal swelling and deswelling rates did not differ significantly between the lidocaine and control groups. Electron microscopy showed the effects of transient endothelial cell edema with an otherwise normal mosaic pattern and ultrastructure for both treatment groups. Endothelial cell viability was maintained after the direct lidocaine exposure and a 2-hour washout. CONCLUSIONS: Lidocaine HCl 1% causes a transient endothelial cell edema to the in vitro perfused endothelium of human and rabbit corneas. Proper attention should be given to the type of lidocaine injected intraocularly (i.e., concentration, vehicle, preservatives, pH, osmolarity). Although lidocaine HCl 1% appears to be safe to both human and rabbit endothelium during short-term in vitro exposure, further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to determine long-term effects of intraocular lidocaine on the corneal endothelium.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Sensitivity in detection of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma by helical CT with intra-arterial injection of contrast medium, and by helical CT and MR imaging with intravenous injection of contrast medium.

PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of i.a. contrast-enhanced helical CT and of i.v. contrast-enhanced helical CT and MR imaging, in detecting hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients with 125 hypervascular HCC nodules underwent helical CT both during arterial portography (CTAP) and during hepatic arteriography (CTHA). Helical CT and MR imaging of the entire liver with i.v. administration of contrast medium were also performed. Helical CT images were obtained at 30-33 s (arterial-phase CT) and at 5 min (equilibrium-phase CT) after the initiation of an i.v. bolus injection of contrast medium. After T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo MR imaging, gradient-echo images during breath-holding were obtained prior to and 20 s, 1 min, and 2 min after the bolus administration of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadopentetate dimeglumine (dynamic MR). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of the various techniques were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: In terms of sensitivity for hypervascular HCC nodules of less than 1 cm in diameter, CTAP (90%) and CTHA (88%) were significantly superior to dynamic MR imaging (44%), arterial-phase CT (39%), spin-echo MR imaging (20%), and equilibrium-phase CT (7%) (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the techniques with regard to the detection of lesions equal to or more than 2 cm in diameter. CONCLUSION: For detecting small hypervascular HCCs, helical CT with i.a. contrast enhancement is superior to helical CT and MR imaging with i.v. enhancement.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasound biomicroscopy and histopathology of sclerocornea.

PURPOSE: We present a clinicopathologic case report of sclerocornea with the intent of showing the usefulness of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and the correlation of histopathologic findings. METHODS: An infant with congenital bilateral sclerocornea was seen for an evaluation under anesthesia. Dense opacification of both corneas prevented adequate examination of both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. UBM was performed preoperatively with subsequent corneal transplantation of the left eye. The corneal button was submitted for histopathologic examination. RESULTS: Preoperative UBM proved helpful in assessing the status of the cornea as well as the anterior chamber and its structures. Findings on histopathologic examination correlated well with the results on UBM and confirmed the diagnosis of sclerocornea. CONCLUSION: We recommend the use of UBM in assessing opacified corneas to assist in obtaining a diagnosis, to highlight potential associated structural anomalies, and to help guide decisions regarding surgical management.

Cornea↗
PubMed1998

Effects of endoscopic variceal ligation on oxygen transport and the arterial lactate levels in patients with cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the increased cardiac output and oxygen delivery, an impaired oxygen uptake has been noted in patients with cirrhosis. We recently observed that endoscopic variceal ligation decreased the cardiac output due to a reduction in the cardiac preload. It is thus possible that a variceal ligation decreases the oxygen delivery and thereby negatively influences tissue oxygenation in patients receiving such treatment. We thus investigated the effects of variceal ligation on oxygen delivery, oxygen uptake, and the arterial lactate levels. METHODS: There were 22 patients with compensated cirrhosis and risky esophageal varices (Child's class A:B=13:9). Twelve patients underwent an endoscopic variceal ligation and 10 patients received gastroscopy as a control. The cardiac function, blood gas status, oxygen delivery, and arterial lactate concentration were also assessed before and after variceal ligation. The oxygen uptake was calculated by the Fick equation. RESULTS: Following variceal ligation, there was an immediate decrease in the cardiac output and oxygen delivery. The reduction in oxygen delivery was associated with a slight but significant increase in the arterial lactate concentration. The decreased oxygen delivery was also associated with a concomitant decrease in the oxygen uptake. In the control subjects, gastroscopy did not alter the systemic hemodynamics, arterial oxygen status, or arterial lactate levels. CONCLUSION: We found a significant decrease in the oxygen delivery in patients undergoing an endoscopic variceal ligation. Such deteriorated tissue oxygenation may be serious especially in patients with a low oxygen transport ability such as in patients with variceal hemorrhage with anemia. However, the clinical significance of these changes remains unclear and further studies are therefore warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Preoperative staging of endometrial carcinoma: diagnostic effect of T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of T2-weighted fast spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with a 512 x 256 matrix for assessment of the preoperative stage of endometrial carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight women with histopathologically proved endometrial carcinoma underwent preoperative T2-weighted fast spin-echo, dynamic T1-weighted fast spin-echo, and postcontrast T1-weighted spin-echo MR imaging with a phased-array surface coil. The uterine long-axis planes in each sequence were reviewed at separate sessions by three radiologists blinded to the histopathologic data. RESULTS: For the diagnosis of myometrial invasion, no statistically significant differences were found among T2-weighted imaging, dynamic imaging, and postcontrast T1-weighted imaging. For the diagnosis of deep myometrial invasion, T2-weighted and dynamic images showed higher specificity than postcontrast T1-weighted images (T2-weighted, 89%; dynamic, 88%; and postcontrast T1-weighted, 80%). For cervical invasion, T2-weighted and dynamic images showed larger areas under receiver operating characteristic curves than did postcontrast T1-weighted images (T2-weighted, 0.78; dynamic, 0.71; and postcontrast T1-weighted, 0.67). CONCLUSION: T2-weighted imaging is useful for identifying the stage of endometrial carcinoma.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1998

FEESST: a new bedside endoscopic test of the motor and sensory components of swallowing.

We here introduce an office or bedside method of evaluating both the motor and sensory components of swallowing, called fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing (FEESST). FEESST combines the established endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with a technique that determines laryngopharyngeal (LP) sensory discrimination thresholds by endoscopically delivering air pulse stimuli to the mucosa innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. Endoscopic assessment of LP sensory capacity followed by endoscopic visualization of deglutition was prospectively performed 148 times on 133 patients with dysphagia over an 8-month period. The patients had a variety of underlying diagnoses, with stroke and chronic neurologic disease predominating (n = 94). Subsequent to LP sensory testing, a complete dysphagia evaluation was conducted. Various food and liquid consistencies were dyed green, and attention was paid to their management throughout the pharyngeal stage of swallowing. Evidence of latent swallow initiation, pharyngeal pooling and/or residue, laryngeal penetration, laryngeal aspiration, and/or reflux was noted. Recommendations for therapeutic intervention were based on information obtained during the FEESST and often involved the employment of compensatory swallowing strategies, modification of the diet or its presentation, placement on non-oral feeding status, and/or referral to other related specialists. All patients successfully completed the examination. In 111 of the evaluations (75%), severe (>6.0 mm Hg air pulse pressure [APP]) unilateral or bilateral LP sensory deficits were found. With puree consistencies, 31% of evaluations with severe deficits, compared to 5% of evaluations with either normal sensitivity or moderate (4.0 to 6.0 mm Hg APP) LP sensory deficits, displayed aspiration (p < .001, chi2 test). With puree consistencies, 69% of evaluations with severe deficits, compared to 24% with normal or moderate deficits, displayed laryngeal penetration (p < .001, chi2 test). FEESST allows the clinician to obtain a comprehensive bedside assessment of swallowing that is performed as the initial swallowing evaluation for the patient with dysphagia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Comparison between single-dose and divided-dose administration of dactinomycin and doxorubicin for patients with Wilms' tumor: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group.

PURPOSE: The National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS)-4 was designed to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and cost of administration of different regimens for the treatment of Wilms' tumor (WT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between August 6, 1986 and September 1, 1994, 1,687 previously untreated children less than 16 years of age with stages I to II/favorable histology (FH) or stage I/anaplastic histology WT (low-risk [LR] group) or stages III to IV/FH WT or stages I to IV/clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (high-risk [HR] group) were randomized to treatment that included vincristine and either divided-dose (standard [STD]) courses (5 days) or single-dose (pulse-intensive [PI]) treatment with dactinomycin. HR patients also received either STD courses (3 days) or PI treatment with doxorubicin. RESULTS: The 2-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates for LR patients were 91.3% for 544 randomized to treatment with PI and 91.4% for 556 randomized to treatment with STD chemotherapy (P = .988). The 2-year RFS rates for HR patients were 87.3% for 299 randomized to treatment with PI and 90.0% for 288 randomized to treatment with STD chemotherapy (P = .865). CONCLUSION: We conclude that patients treated with PI combination chemotherapy for LR or HR WT or clear cell sarcoma of the kidney have equivalent 2-year RFS to those treated with STD regimens. PI drug administration is recommended as the new standard based on demonstrated efficacy, greater administered dose-intensity, less severe hematologic toxicity, and the requirement for fewer physician and hospital encounters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Clinicopathological studies on association of gallbladder carcinoma and pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

During the past 17 years, 1,722 of 4,832 consecutive patients investigated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were assessed by the radiological criteria of the Japanese Study Group of Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction (PBM). Out of these 1,722 patients, PBM was found in a total of 52, representing 3.0%, of which gallbladder carcinoma was associated with 14. These 14 with gallbladder carcinoma consisted of 10 (62.5%) of the 16 with PBM without association of congenital bile duct dilatation (CBDD) and 4 (11.1%) of the 36 PBM with CBDD. The relationship between PBM and gallbladder carcinoma was closely examined; PBM was noted in 14 (32.6%) of a total of 43 patients with gallbladder carcinoma compared to 38 (2.3%) among the 1,679 patients with various diseases excluding gallbladder carcinoma. Similarly, it was revealed that gallbladder carcinoma was predominantly noted in the 14 (26.5%) of the 52 patients with PBM in contrast to an incidence of 1.7% (29) among the 1,670 patients without PBM. As we studied the characteristic clinical features of the 14 gallbladder carcinoma patients with PBM when compared with 29 of those without PBM, the following was disclosed: on average, the patients with PBM were 10 years younger (49.4 vs 61.4 years in mean age); there was a preponderance of women (0/14 vs 12/17, male-female ratio); there existed a significantly lower incidence of associated gallstone disease (7.1% vs 72.4%). These figures were shown to be statistically significant. We concluded that the results prove a link between the crucial features of gallbladder carcinoma and PBM, and also suggest the promotive role of PBM in carcinogenesis of the gallbladder.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Effects of injection rates of contrast material on arterial phase hepatic CT.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess the effects of the i.v. injection rate of contrast material on arterial phase hepatic CT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients were randomly divided into four groups of 25 with different injection rates of 90 ml of contrast material: 2, 3, 4, or 5 ml/sec. Single-level serial CT was performed at the level of the middle section of the main portal vein before injection and every 2 sec from 12 sec to 60 sec after injection of contrast material. The enhancement value was calculated as the difference in attenuation value between the unenhanced and contrast-enhanced images for the aorta and liver parenchyma. The duration of the arterial phase was defined as the interval beginning when the enhancement value for the aorta reached 100 H and ending when the value for the liver parenchyma reached 20 H. RESULTS: Faster injection rates increased the maximum enhancement of the aorta. Although faster injection rates decreased the time from injection to the beginning and the end of the arterial phase, faster injection rates did not decrease the duration of the arterial phase itself. CONCLUSION: A faster injection rate increases arterial enhancement of the liver, and the duration of the arterial phase remains the same as that occurring with a slower injection rate. We hypothesize that faster injection rates can provide better results using CT to reveal hypervascular liver tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Conjunctival necrosis following the administration of subconjunctival corticosteroid.

This report describes an unusual reaction to injected subconjunctival corticosteroid. The authors examined a patient with large areas of conjunctival necrosis at the site of a previous subconjunctival corticosteroid injection. A Gram's strain and culture of the affected conjunctival area and the bottled corticosteroid suspension were negative. Necrosis of the conjunctiva is a heretofore unreported adverse reaction to a subconjunctival corticosteroid injection. These lesions probably represent a localized toxic reaction rather than a sequela of infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Pharmacodynamics of topoisomerase I inhibition: Western blot determination of topoisomerase I and cleavable complex in patients with upper gastrointestinal malignancies treated with topotecan.

Analogues of camptothecins are specific inhibitors of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) that lead to DNA damage and, eventually, cellular cytotoxicity. Camptothecin analogues bind to this target enzyme in the course of its normal function and stabilize the DNA-enzyme adduct to form a "cleavable complex." Preclinical experiments using Western blot analyses have shown cleavable complex formation to be the key intermediate step in topo I inhibition. In this series of experiments, it was our goal to convert this laboratory technique into a useful clinical assay, allowing measurement of the target enzyme and detection of the key intermediate in clinical specimens taken from patients being treated with the topo I inhibitor topotecan. Because available antibodies were not sufficiently sensitive at the start of this project, we identified a highly specific human SCL-70 antibody from a patient with scleroderma, which allowed quantitative determination of topo I copy number in HeLa and HT-29 cell lines. Additional refinements of the Western blot technique were accomplished to improve signal:noise ratio. In surgical tumor specimens, we found the median topo I level to be 30.1 x 10(5) copies/cell for gastric adenocarcinomas, compared to 18.4 x 10(5) copies/cell for normal gastric mucosae in the same samples. For lung adenocarcinoma, the median protein level was 21.5 x 10(5) copies/cell, compared with the normal tissue counterpart protein level of 12.7 x 10(5) copies/cell. The median tumor:normal ratios from paired samples of these tumor types were 1.51 and 1.84, respectively. As part of a Phase II study evaluating the efficacy of topotecan (1.5-2.0 mg/m2 daily for 5 days) in upper gastrointestinal malignancies, we obtained tumor and normal mucosa biopsies in 11 patients with gastric or esophageal cancer, 30 min after administration on day 4 or 5. Three patients with gastric adenocarcinoma had stable disease as their best response, with the remainder of patients progressing. Improvement in Western blotting methodology allowed the quantitation of topo I levels in these gastric and esophageal cancer biopsies, which could be augmented by brief heating to release complexed topo I. We were also able to directly visualize high molecular weight topo I-containing bands, which were shown to be cleavable complexes by heat reversal, with restoration of the topo I Mr 100,000 band. Using this heat reversal technique, we determined the presence of cleavable complex in a total of 7 of 11 patient biopsy samples (5 tumors and 2 normal mucosae). In patients treated with topotecan on this dose and schedule, we determined that a median of 73% of the total tumor topo I was involved in cleavable complex (range, 18.3-91%). The intensity of the Mr 100,000 topo I band in biopsy specimens of patients receiving topotecan represented "free" or noncomplexed topo I. The median copy number for the residual, noncomplexed topo I (n = 11) was 7.36 x 10(5) copies/cell, significantly less than the median of 30.1 x 10(5) copies/cell for random tumor specimens from patients with gastric adenocarcinomas (P < 0.001). Pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between the noncomplexed topo I copy number and topotecan area under the curve (Spearman rank test: r(s) = -0.81, P = 0.003). Nonlinear regression analyses of these data were best fit with an inhibitory maximum effect model, yielding parameter estimates for Emax and EC50 of 29.3 x 10(5) copies/cell (coefficient of variation = 22%) and 43.1 ng x h/ml (coefficient of variation = 27%), respectively. Through a series of careful modifications and refinements, we have improved the Western blot assay for topo I for use in clinical monitoring. We have demonstrated the ability to directly visualize cleavable complex in patients being treated with topo I inhibitor therapy and have directly quantitated free topo I, as well as the key topo I intermediate (cleavable complex), in biopsy specimens obtained from pat

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1998

[Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced dynamic MRI of whole liver using spectrally selected enhanced fast gradient recall sequence].

Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced dynamic MRI of whole liver using the spectrally selected enhanced fast gradient recall sequence (spec IR-efgre3d) was performed in five patients with HCC. Ten HCC nodules were confirmed by CTA, CTAP and Lipiodol CT, and all of them were detected with dynamic MRI. MIP images reconstructed from 3D gadolinium-enhanced dynamic MR studies clearly showed the main portal vein and its branches in all cases. Portal vein thrombosis was also demonstrated with the MIP images.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗