In vivo proliferation of T and B lymphocytes in the epithelium and lamina propria of the small intestine.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
T Kirchhoff
Publications and source records attributed to T Kirchhoff.
Lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells in the epithelium and lamina propria of intestinal mucosa of pigs.
The jejunum and ileum of 5 day old and adult normal pigs and of 45 day old germ free pigs were used to study the lymphocyte pools in the epithelium and lamina propria by sequential treatments with EDTA, four hours, and 12 hours of collagenase treatment. In adult animals the incubation of the jejunal wall with EDTA resulted in mean (SD) 26.8 (10.9) x 10(6) intraepithelial lymphocytes per g of tissue. The ileal wall gave lower cell yields. After complete digestion of the lamina propria by collagenase a further yield of 35.2 (10.2) x 10(6)/g lymphocytes was achieved. The separation of the gut wall from 5 day old pigs resulted in a 10-fold lower total lymphocyte yield, and the tissue was totally digested after four hours of collagenase treatment. Many eosinophils and mast cells were found in the suspensions from adult animal tissues after the collagenase treatment; 4.7 x 10(6)/g and 4.8 x 10(6)/g, respectively. The suspensions after 12 hour collagenase incubation contained up to 30% plasma cells. Almost all cells isolated by EDTA incubation were CD8+ T cells. After collagenase incubation CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were found in all animal groups, and in adult animals up to 20% surface Ig+ cells were harvested. When the incorporation of the thymidine analogue bromodesoxyuridine was used to study the lymphocyte production in vivo 3 to 7% lymphocytes in the epithelium were labelled 24 hours later (lamina propria T lymphocytes about 1%). In this study lymphoid as well as non-lymphoid cells have been analysed in mucosal cell suspensions. The absolute cell yield per gram of mucosal tissue is a basis to estimate the pool sizes of intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes.
Aging↗
Repeated evaluation of human papillomavirus 16 status in cervical swabs of young women with a history of normal Papanicolaou smears.
This study was designed to compare single-point prevalence estimates with a cumulative prevalence estimate of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in cervical smears. The influence of the menstrual cycle and the long-term effect of HPV 16 positivity on the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were monitored. We examined 21 women (median age 23.6 years) every 5 weeks for 1 year. All women had a history of negative Papanicolaou smears for at least 5 years before enrollment. Cervical swabs were collected at each visit for Papanicolaou smears and HPV 16 detection by the polymerase chain reaction. Five years after completion of the last visit, self-reported information regarding cervical neoplasia was obtained. Human papillomavirus type 16 point-prevalence estimates per visit varied between 14.3-33.3%. The cumulative prevalence was 66.7%; 14 women were positive at least once and seven women were continuously negative for HPV 16. Detection of HPV 16 was significantly higher in the luteal phase. Repeated positivity for HPV 16 by Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction preceded and accompanied CIN in one patient, whereas in the remaining patients, positivity for HPV 16 by polymerase chain reaction alone was not associated with CIN during a 5-year follow-up. Single-point measurements of HPV 16 in cervical smears by polymerase chain reaction are of limited value for assessment of an individual's HPV status. This should be kept in mind when HPV testing for screening programs is considered.
Adolescent↗
[Laser measuring device for phonation].
INTRODUCTION: Clinical examinations with short-interval, color-filtered double-flash stroboscopy enable us to estimate the movements of the vocal fold edges during phonation. So-called 'displacement bands' show the degree of the vibratory amplitude in these images. Using the two-point light projection method the displacement bands can be measured with very high accuracy. A combination of these two methods was used for velocity measurements of the vocal fold movements within the phonatory cycle. The aim of the study was to explore the influence of change in sound pressure level (SPL) and fundamental frequency (F0) on the velocity of the horizontal amplitude of the vocal folds during phonation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 40 healthy volunteers (31 women, 9 men, average age 24.8 years) were examined. During the special videostroboscopy with short-interval, color-filtered double flashes laser spots were projected onto the vocal folds by an endoscopic two-point light projection device. The subjects had to change their SPL and F0 following a test protocol. During phonation they had to produce tones in low, middle and high chest voice as well as in falsetto register. Each subject was asked to do this in a soft, a modal, a loud and a very loud manner. Images of the phonatory cycle showing the vocal folds immediately before collision were measured separately at three different positions. About 15,000 single measurements were evaluated. RESULTS: The measured velocity of the horizontal amplitude during the closing phase of the vocal folds in chest voice was 30-160 cm/s. An increase in SPL resulted in an increasing velocity of the displacement bands. A change in F0 did not lead to statistically relevant changes in the measured velocity. CONCLUSION: A combination of short-interval, color-filtered double-flash stroboscopy and a two-point light projection method enables measurements of the velocity of vocal fold movements. The SPL is the important factor for the velocity change within the phonatory cycle. F0 seems not to covary with the velocity of the horizontal amplitude during the closing phase of the phonatory cycle.
Adolescent↗
Characterisation of X;17(q12;p13) translocation breakpoints in a female patient with hypomelanosis of Ito and choroid plexus papilloma.
An X;17 translocation breakpoint was characterised in a 5-year-old female with hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) who exhibits characteristic hypopigmented lesions, psychomotor retardation, and choroid plexus papilloma. A YAC clone containing the locus DXS1 from Xq12 was found by fluorescence in situ hybridisation to cross the translocation breakpoint. Cosmid clones positive for DXS1 were used to identify and clone the translocation junction fragment from the patient's DNA. A chromosome-17-specific DNA fragment was isolated and used to identify cosmid clones crossing the translocation from chromosome 17p13. Exon trapping identified two known genes from chromosome 17: FMR1L2 (the fragile X mental retardation syndrome like protein 2) and SHBG (human sex hormone-binding globulin). Mapping the FMR1L2 and SHBG genes showed that neither gene was disrupted by the translocation.
Brain Neoplasms↗