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T Kishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Kishimoto.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

IL-6-deficient mice are resistant to the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis provoked by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein.

The role of IL-6 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) provoked by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) was investigated using IL-6-deficient mice. We show here that IL-6-deficient mice were resistant to the MOG-induced EAE as compared to wild-type mice (one out of 18 versus 17 out of 20). The delayed-type hypersensitivity response, lymphocyte proliferation response and antibody reactivity to MOG in IL-6-deficient mice were significantly lower than those in wild-type mice. Furthermore, the histological examination revealed that no infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in the central nervous system of IL-6-deficient mice. These results indicate that IL-6 may play a crucial role in the induction phase of EAE. Given the potential relevance of this animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS), it is possible that anti-IL-6 therapy may be useful in the prevention of relapses of MS.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of cell cycle-related elements p53, p21WAF1/Cip1, cyclin D1 and PCNA in a mixed transitional cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis: a case report.

A case featuring a well differentiated adenocarcinoma mixed with a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) arising in the renal pelvis of a 63-year-old woman is presented. Daughter tumors, located in the ureter and the uretero-vesical junction, were entirely TCC in character. Immunohistochemical assessment of cell cycle-related proteins revealed overexpression of cyclin D1 but reduced p21WAF1/Cip1 or PCNA expression in the adenocarcinomatous regions. Conversely, expression of p21WAF1/Cip1 and PCNA was high in the TCC components. Immunohistochemical staining for p53 was negative and PCR-SSCP analyses confirmed the absence of any mutation. Therefore, assessments on the altered expression of cell cycle-related elements may contribute to our understanding of tumor biology in adenocarcinomas and TCCs of the renal pelvis and to identifying the similarities and differences between the two different cell types.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Microtubule-stimulated phosphorylation of tau at Ser202 and Thr205 by cdk5 decreases its microtubule nucleation activity.

Phosphorylation of tau, a heat-stable neuron-specific microtubule-associated protein, by cdk5 was stimulated in the presence of microtubules (MTs). This stimulation was due to an increased phosphorylation rate and there was no increase in total amount of phosphorylation. Two-dimensional phosphopeptide map analysis showed that MTs stimulated phosphorylation of a specific peptide. Using Western blotting with antibodies that the recognized phosphorylation-dependent epitopes within tau, the phosphorylation sites stimulated by the presence of MTs were found to be Ser202 and Thr205 (numbered according to the human tau isoform containing 441 residues). MT-dependent phosphorylation at Thr205 was observed in situ in rat cerebrum primary cultured neurons. Stimulated phosphorylation at Ser202 and Thr205 decreased the MT-nucleation activity of tau, which is in contrast to MT-independent phosphorylation at Ser235 and Ser404.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Role of the transition zone for elevating serum prostate-specific antigen in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have a wide range of concentrations of PSA. However, it is not known what factors influence the concentration of serum PSA other than the prostate volume. BPH is composed of an enlarged transition zone (TZ) and other zones (nonTZ). The TZ is thought to play a more important role than the nonTZ in determining the concentration of serum PSA in BPH patients. METHODS: We investigated the individual glandular zone volume, the amount of PSA produced by each zone and the PSA density in each zone in 23 patients with histologically-confirmed BPH. The PSA density in the TZ was calculated by dividing the difference between the serum PSA before and after surgical resection by the specimen weight. We examined the influence of these parameters on the concentration of serum PSA in BPH patients. RESULTS: The serum PSA concentration correlated with the amount of PSA produced by the TZ (r=0.90, P< 0.0 1), but not the nonTZ (r=0.25, P=0.29). The concentration of serum PSA also showed a significant correlation with the TZ volume (r=0.67, P< 0.01) and the PSA density in the TZ (r=0.51, P< 0.05), but not with the PSA density in the nonTZ (r=-0.06, P=0.81). Also, age was inversely correlated with the PSA density in the TZ (r=-0.69, P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: The hypertrophic prostate cell volume (TZ volume) and activity (PSA density in the TZ) significantly correlated with the concentration of serum PSA in BPH patients, and the TZ cell activity decreased inversely with age in these BPH patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Renal endothelin in FK506-induced nephrotoxicity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

FK506, a major immunosuppressive agent, often causes nephrotoxicity accompanied by renal vasoconstriction. It is recognized that endothelin (ET) plays a role in the cyclosporin A-induced nephrotoxicity, but the involvement of ET in the FK506-induced renal dysfunction is still poorly understood. We elicited nephrotoxicity by daily administration of FK506 in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and we examined the renal gene expression of ET and its receptors and the effects of an ET receptor antagonist on FK506-induced renal dysfunction. FK506 administration (4 mg/kg/day, i.m.) for 14 days induced nephrotoxicity, including a renal vasoconstriction and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate. The renal dysfunction was accompanied by an increase in ET-1 mRNA levels, while ET(B)-receptor mRNA was unaffected. Continuous administration of an ET(A)/ET(B) antagonist, TAK-044 (3 mg/day, s.c.), which effectively blocked systemic and renal vascular responses to exogenously administered ET-1, partially attenuated the FK506-induced renal vasoconstriction. However the reduced glomerular filtration rate were not affected by TAK-044. Thus, although enhanced gene expression of ET-1 in the kidney is involved in the renal vasoconstriction, ET does not play a major role in the FK506-induced renal dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Clustered proline residues around the active-site cleft in thermostable oligo-1,6-glucosidase of Bacillus flavocaldarius KP1228.

The gene that coded for a cellular oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-D-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.10) in Bacillus flavocaldarius KP1228 (FERM-P9542) cells growing at 51-82 degrees C was expressed in Escherichia coli JM109. The enzyme had a half-life of 10 min at 89.2 degrees C. Purification of the enzyme and its characterization showed that the enzyme was identical with the native one. Its primary structure of 529 residues with a molecular weight of 61,469 deduced from the gene was 40-42% identical to the sequences of less thermostable oligo-1,6-glucosidases from Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064, Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050, and Bacillus thermoglucosidasius KP1006. Sequence analysis showed that the B. flavocaldarius enzyme shared 14 proline residues at the same positions as in the three other enzymes, and that the B. flavocaldarius enzyme had 22 of 33 additional proline residues (cf. 1/5, 5/10, and 9/18 in the respective counterparts) in three long polypeptides constituting the active-site cleft, which connected the third, fourth, and eighth beta-strands to the corresponding third, fourth, and eighth alpha-helices in the (beta/alpha)8-barrel.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Increased interleukin-6 production in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells expressing activating mutant of the stimulatory G protein.

The McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait spots, and multiple endocrine hyperfunction. An activating missense mutation of the alpha subunit of the Gs protein (Gs alpha) was found in several affected tissues, resulting in prolonged stimulation of adenylate cyclase. Our recent study has indicated that the cells derived from the fibrous bone dysplasia tissues in MAS patients produced increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which may be responsible for the increased bone resorption in this disease. In the present investigation, to analyze the molecular mechanism of the increased IL-6 production by activating mutant Gs alpha in bone cells, we established mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells stably transfected with the activating mutant Gs alpha expression vector. These cells showed a significant increase of intracellular cAMP levels and produced a higher amount of IL-6 than the cells transfected with control vector or wild-type Gs alpha expression vector. Analysis of the IL-6 promoter revealed that any of the AP-1, nuclear factor (NF)-IL-6, and NF-kappa B binding elements are important for the activating mutant Gs alpha-induced gene expression. Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays using nuclear extracts of the mutant Gs alpha-expressing cells showed that phospho(Ser133)-cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B were increased, compared with the control cells or the wild-type Gs alpha-expressing cells. These results indicate that activating mutant Gs alpha increases the transcriptional factors binding to CRE, AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B elements to induce IL-6 gene expression in the osteoblastic cells.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1998

High incidence of chemotherapy-induced acral erythema in female patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with the VACOP-B regimen.

Seven patients, all females out of 29 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (16 males and 13 females) treated with the VACOP-B regimen utilizing granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support developed chemotherapy-induced acral erythema (CAE). In contrast, none of 32 patients with NHL who were treated with CHOP, MACOP-B, or biweekly CHOP regimens without G-CSF developed CAE. Total dose intensities of VACOP-B regimen were higher than those of the three other regimens. However, no significant difference in dose intensities of each drug in the patients treated with the VACOP-B regimen was found between male and female patients and between female patients with or without CAE. The cause of the high incidence of CAE (7/13) in the female patients treated with VACOP-B regimen remains unknown. However, female sex hormones may increase susceptibility to CAE. Since the occurrence of CAE interrupts intensive chemotherapy and reduces the cure rate, high risk patients for CAE should be carefully monitored for early symptoms and signs of CAE and should be treated early and appropriately.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1998

Enhanced expression of a new class of liver-enriched b-Zip transcription factors, hepatocarcinogenesis-related transcription factor, in hepatocellular carcinomas of rats and humans.

Rat hepatocarcinogenesis-related transcription factor (HTF) was earlier identified as a b-Zip transcription factor in chemically induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by cDNA subtraction, and its structure was found to be different from that of the conventional b-Zip proteins. We investigated htf gene expression in rat tissues by Northern analysis and found that HTF expression was ubiquitous but was enriched in the liver. HTF expression increased concomitantly with HCC development in rat liver, and the HTF-containing DNA-binding factor also increased. Stimulated HTF gene expression also was observed in rat regenerating livers. From the results of various assays, X-box-binding protein 1/Tax-response element binding factor 5 was suggested to be a human homologue of rat HTF. In humans, HTF gene expression was also abundant in the liver and was revealed to be specifically stimulated in HCCs, but not in other types of cancers. To our knowledge, HTF is the first example of a liver-enriched transcription factor that exhibits HCC-associated gene expression. Injection of anti-HTF antibody decreased the growth rate of cultured HCC cells. Consequently, HTF is thought to participate in hepatocyte growth as well as in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical evaluation of benign asbestos pleurisy].

Seventeen cases of benign asbestos pleurisy were evaluated clinically. All cases were male and almost all cases were more than 60 years-old. Most cases presented with chief complaints of chest pain and dyspnea, but 2 cases had no complaints. Pleural effusion appeared predominantly in the right side. Six cases had 2 or 3 episodes of pleural effusion, and 1 case had 5. Ten cases had an occupational history of asbestos exposure in shipyards and 5 other cases had a history in building construction. Almost all cases had more than 30 years of exposure to asbestos and benign asbestos pleurisy appeared after more than 30 years from the first exposure to asbestos. Among the patients, 6 cases had diffuse pleural thickening and 2 cases had malignancies. Pleural fluid was bloody in 14 of 17 cases (82%) and all pleural fluid showed an exudate. Lymphocytes represented 70% and eosinophils 15% of the cellular population of the pleural fluid. Hyaluronic acid in pleural fluid in cases of benign asbestos pleurisy averaged 29.5 micrograms/ml, which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Leukocytosis in peripheral blood and a high CRP value were uncommon in benign asbestos pleurisy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[A case of lung cancer with pericardial effusion without cardiac tamponade].

Cardiac tamponade as an initial manifestation of primary lung cancer is uncommon. All such cases had shown symptoms of cardiac tamponade at the first visit of the hospital. We report a case of lung cancer with pericardial effusion without cardiac tamponade. Echocardiography, revealed little pericardial effusion and it has not increased for 3 months. Pericardiotomy revealed adenocarcinoma and lung cancer was confirmed by bronchial biopsy. It is necessary to further examine patients with even slight amounts of pericardial effusion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[14C-oxalate autoradiographic studies on distribution of oxalate and calcium oxalate crystal fixation in rat kidney].

To elucidate the intrarenal distribution of oxalate and to reveal the first site of calcium oxalate crystal fixation along the nephron, we carried out 14C-oxalate renal microautoradiography by the thaw mount method 30, 60 and 90 min after intravenous administration of 14C-oxalate, in normal rats and in hyperoxaluric rats fed a vitamin B6-deficient diet for 4 and 9 weeks. In normal rats, radioactivity was observed in the entire kidney area at 30 min after the injection and at 90 min there was radioactivity only in the papilla, where radioactivity appeared in the parenchyma, mamely the epithelial cells of collecting ducts and the surrounding interstitial tissue. In hyperoxaluric rats, microautoradiograms showed the spotted deposits of 14C-oxalate in both renal papilla and medulla. In 600 x magnification of the autoradiograms, most of the deposits were detected in the epithelial cells of collecting ducts and the surrounding interstitial tissue. These deposits were identified by a polarizing microscope and X-ray microanalysis as crystal deposits of calcium oxalate. These results indicated that oxalate remained for an extended period of time in the epithelial cells of collecting ducts and in the surrounding interstitial tissue in renal papilla, and the calcium oxalate crystals fixed to the same tissue was the first step in the development of calcium oxalate stones.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

HRA model for hypercholesterolemia based on a longitudinal health database.

To evaluate the risk factors for hypercholesterolemia, we examined 4,371 subjects (3,207 males and 1,164 females) who received medical checkups more than twice at an AMHTS in Tokyo during the period from 1976 through 1991; and whose serum total cholesterol was under 250 mg/dl. The mean follow-up duration was 6.6 years. A self-registering questionnaire was administered at the time of the health checkup. The endpoint of this study was the onset of hypercholesterolemia when the level of serum total cholesterol was 250 mg/dl and over. We compared two prognosis groups (normal and hypercholesterol) in terms of age, examination findings and lifestyle. After assessing each variable, we employed Cox's proportional hazards model analysis to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia. According to proportional hazards model analysis, total cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking at the beginning, and hypertension during the observation period were selected in males; and total cholesterol at the beginning and age were selected in females to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Lethal paraquat poisoning caused by spraying in a vinyl greenhouse of causing pulmonary fibrosis with a hepatorenal dysfunction].

A 46-year-old man was hospitalized because of general fatigue. He died of respiratory failure caused by hepatorenal dysfunction. Histologic findings in the lungs were consistent with paraquat poisoning. However, he did not have a history of drinking paraquat, but did have an occupational history of spraying paraquat in a vinyl greenhouse. Retrospectively, chest X-ray films and CT scans showed findings typical of paraquat poisoning. We should inform farmers that paraquat can be toxic when used in vinyl greenhouses.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1998

[Renal cell carcinoma with many transvenous pleural metastases].

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal shadows on chest X-ray films. Malignant mesothelioma was suspected. However a CT scan revealed a large mass in the right kidney and many nodules in the liver and pleura. This suggested that primary renal cell carcinoma had metastasized to the liver and pleura. The patient was treated with transarterial embolization (TAE), alpha and gamma interferon, and UFT, but died of respiratory failure caused by massive bleeding from the pleural metastases. At autopsy, renal cell carcinoma, clear cell subtype, was noted. The many pleural lesions were of the same histologic type, which suggested that they were metastases from the kidney. Renal cell carcinoma frequently metastasizes to the lungs or bones via the arteries. However, many pleural metastases without lung metastasis is rare. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma with many pleural metastases via Batson's venous plexus.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1998

[A case of metastatic renal tumor originating from lung cancer difficult to distinguish from renal cell carcinoma].

A 66-year-old female underwent left lower lobectomy for her lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) in November 1992, followed by the resection of brain metastasis in October 1993. Later, a left renal tumor with paraaortic lymph node swelling was found by a follow-up abdominal CT. She was treated with left nephrectomy and the resection of the paraaortic lymph nodes in June 1997. The histopathology of the resected tumor and the lymph nodes revealed a metastatic renal tumor originating from the pulmonary adenocarcinoma. There have been 38 reported cases of metastatic renal tumor from lung cancer in the Japanese literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Gene expression in hepatomas.

Gene expression changes in accordance with cell growth, differentiation and carcinogenesis. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for hepatocarcinogenesis as well as maintenance of normal hepatocytes, it is important to identify the genes that have altered expression with carcinogenesis. We established a new and efficient cDNA subtraction method via two cDNA populations. By using this method along with rat hepatomas made by the Solt-Farber protocol, we identified a number of genes, some of which are activated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These genes include ones which code for a transcription factor and a metabolic enzyme. One particular gene can be used as a tumour marker. Our method is beneficial for the isolation of a wide range of HCC-related genes in rats which, in turn, enables easy identification of their human counterparts. In this review, we describe details of our method and the isolated genes. We also briefly describe transcription factors in the liver.

Animals↗