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Biomedical subjects

T Kitajima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kitajima.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of estrogen on bone metabolism in tissue culture: enhancement of the steroid effect by zinc.

The present investigation was undertaken to clarify the effect of estrogen (17 beta-estradiol) on bone metabolism in tissue culture. Calvariae were removed from weanling rats (3-week-old females) and cultured for periods up to 96 h in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (high glucose, 4500 mg/dl) supplemented with antibiotics and bovine serum albumin. The experimental cultures contained 10(-10) to 10(-8) M estrogen. All cultures were incubated at 37 degrees C in 5% CO2/95% air. Bone calcium content was significantly increased by the presence of 10(-10) to 10(-8) M estrogen. The steroid (10(-10) to 10(-8) M) also significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity in the bone, whereas it did not significantly alter acid phosphatase activity. No appreciable effect on bone alkaline phosphatase activity was produced with 17 alpha-estradiol (10(-9) and 10(-8) M). Tamoxifen (10(-6) M), an anti-estrogen, completely blocked the effect of estrogen (10(-9) M) of increasing bone alkaline phosphatase activity. Furthermore, bone DNA content was significantly increased by 10(-10) to 10(-8) M estrogen. Meanwhile, the presence of 10(-4) M zinc, which can stimulate bone protein synthesis, significantly enhanced the effect of 10(-9) M estrogen to increase DNA content in rat calvaria, while the metal did not enhance the steroid effect on bone calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity. The presence of 10(-7) M cycloheximide completely prevented the stimulatory effect of estrogen (10(-9) M) on calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and DNA content in rat calvaria. The present study demonstrates that estrogen has a direct stimulatory effect on bone metabolism in tissue culture and that zinc can enhance the steroid effect on bone DNA.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Kabuki make-up syndrome (Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome) with cleft lip and palate.

Kabuki make-up syndrome (Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome), recognized in Japan in 1981, is characterized by mental and growth retardation with specific craniofacial malformation such as lower palpebral eversion and depressed nasal tip. In this paper we describe a case associated with cleft lip and palate. Attention should be paid by maxillofacial surgeons to this syndrome, since 41% of the cases have been associated with cleft lip and palate (Niikawa et al., 1988; Tonoki and Niikawa, 1988).

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1991

Histochemical detection of burn-induced lipid peroxidation in sebaceous glands of rat skin.

Increased lipid peroxide levels both in skin and serum have been reported after cutaneous thermal injury. However, it still remains unclear where lipid peroxides are produced at the site of burned skin. In the present study, a histochemical method using cold Schiff's reagent was applied in order to detect the localization of lipid peroxide. Schiff positivity was detected in sebaceous glands, and the extent of positivity seemed to correlate with the serum lipid peroxide levels. These results may suggest that lipid peroxides produced in sebaceous glands after thermal injury enter the blood stream and are partially responsible for the elevated serum lipid peroxide levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cell proliferation kinetics in the marginal mucosa of gastric ulcer evaluated by immunostaining of DNA polymerase alpha.

We studied the proliferative ability of the marginal mucosal cells surrounding the ulcer in the healing processes of gastric ulcers. We obtained a labeling index (LI) at the neck and generative zone of gastric pit using a monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase alpha for tractable and intractable gastric ulcers located at the fundic mucosa during each endoscopic stage. The LI during the healing stage was higher than that during the active stage in both the tractable and intractable cases. However, in each stage, the LI of the tractable gastric ulcers was higher than that of their intractable counterparts. Finally, we analyzed the LI in tractable gastric ulcers after setting two groups: one treated with anti-ulcer drugs and the other untreated. There were no significant differences between these two groups. We believe that investigation of proliferative abilities in the marginal mucosa of gastric ulcers is important to understand the nature of gastric ulcers and to assess therapeutic efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Molecular heterogeneity of hCG in urine of the patients with trophoblastic diseases].

In addition to whole hCG, hCG beta-related molecular species are also present in the serum and urine of patients with trophoblastic diseases. We simultaneously measured whole hCG, free hCG beta and beta-core fragment in the serum and urine of patients with hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma by the highly specific and sensitive sandwich enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) systems using two kinds of antibodies. During the clinical courses of patients, although the whole hCG levels in serum and urine were closely correlated, the concentrations in the serum were almost twice as high as those in the urine. The free hCG beta levels were also closely correlated in serum and urine, but the concentrations of free hCG beta were extremely low as compared with those of whole hCG. Furthermore, free hCG beta/whole hCG ratios were significantly higher in choriocarcinoma patients than in hydatidiform mole patients. While whole hCG and free hCG beta were contained in both serum and urine, the beta-core fragment could be detected only in the urine of the patients. The relative contribution of the beta-core fragment to the total urinary hCG beta-immunoactivity accounted for about 40% in hydatidiform mole and about 70% in choriocarcinoma. We conclude that whole hCG should be measured in the serum rather than in the urine as a tumor marker for trophoblastic diseases, and suggest that the ratios of whole hCG, free hCG beta and beta-core fragment to each other may be useful indices to employ in the differential diagnosis of trophoblastic diseases.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1991

[A case of renovascular hypertension accompanied by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis like lesion in the contralateral kidney].

A 19-year-old female patient with renovascular hypertension accompanied by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis like lesion in the contralateral kidney is described. She was admitted to our hospital for uncontrollable hypertension which was first pointed out at check-up when she was 18 years old. On admission physical examination revealed remarkable hypertension and a bruit around the umbilical region. Laboratory findings disclosed renal dysfunction and slight proteinuria (0.8-1.1 g/day). Arteriography revealed severe narrowing of the right renal artery suggesting fibromuscular dysplasia. Taken together, renovascular hypertension was diagnosed. She underwent an operation to reconstruct the artery with autotransplantation of the ipsilateral kidney in the pelvic cavity, and sections were taken from both kidney for histological evaluation during the procedure. After the operation her blood pressure normalized and proteinuria decreased. And interestingly, the kidney specimens revealed that the left side consisted of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis like lesion whereas the right was only of ischemic change. Hyperfiltration theory has recently been highlighted experimentally. And the etiology of the renal findings in this case may be based on such hemodynamic alteration as has been described in animal models. We present the case so that it may be of some help to understand how focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is brought about in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Influence of stellate ganglion resection on intracranial pressure].

This study was designed to investigate the influence of stellate ganglion resection on intracranial pressure and blood flow through common carotid and vertebral arteries in 10 mongrel dogs. Following anesthesia with diazepam and pancuronium, each dog was intubated and ventilated to maintain normocapnia. Intracranial pressure was measured with a subdural catheter (Nihon Koden) inserted through right and left temporal burr holes. The right and left common carotid and vertebral arteries were surgically identified, and blood flow estimated with an ultrasonic probe (Transonic T201). After baseline measurement, the stellate ganglion was resected on the right side in 5 dogs, and on the left in the remaining animals. There were no significant change in intracranial pressure. After stellate ganglion resection, there was a significant increase in blood flow through the ipsilateral common carotid and vertebral arteries, but there were significant decreases in flow through the contralateral vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis of an appropriately protected core glycotetraoside, a key intermediate for the synthesis of "bisected" complex-type glycans of a glycoprotein.

A stereocontrolled synthetic route to a glycotetraoside, allyl O-(3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1--- -4)-O- (3,6-di-O-allyl-2-O-benzyl-beta-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1----4)-O-3, 6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-3-O- benzyl- 2-deoxy-6-O-p-methoxy-phenyl-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranoside, an important intermediate for the synthesis of "bisected" complex type glycans of glycoproteins has been established by employing two glycosyl donors, 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate and 4-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-allyl-2-O-benzyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide, and a glycosyl acceptor, allyl O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4) -3-O- benzyl-2-deoxy-6-O-p-methoxyphenyl-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranoside.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1990

A model of the mechanisms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus.

Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus has been considered to be a phenomenon closely related to learning and memory in the brain. In this paper, an integrated model of LTP is constructed based on hypotheses about both the mechanism of LTP induction and that of LTP maintenance, that is, the NMDA-receptor channel, protein phosphorylation and protein turnover. The validity of the model is discussed based on the results of computer simulations.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Intracranial invasion of neuroendocrine carcinoma: a case report].

A rare case of neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the nasal cavity is reported. A 57-year-old female, who had been complaining of anosmia for 8 years, was admitted to the otolaryngological department because an intranasal tumor was found. Then, removal of the tumor and radiotherapy was carried out. After these procedures, the patient suffered from a high fever and CSF rhinorrhea. At this stage, our neurosurgical department was consulted. CT scan revealed a partially calcified low density mass with a slight enhancement effect at the left frontal base. Under the diagnosis of intracranial invasion by intranasal neuroendocrine carcinoma, the patient was operated on. Through bifrontal craniotomy and a combination of extra- and intradural approach, the tumor was excised. After that, the dura and the skull base were reconstructed. On histological examination, the tumor was found to consist of NSE positive cells forming some glandular structures. Electron microscopic study disclosed neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasmic process. These findings are typical of neuroendocrine carcinoma and compatible to those of the intranasal tumor previously removed. Neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare in itself and there have been reported only two cases of its invasion of the skull base. The clinical features, diagnostic procedures, pathological findings, and treatment of this tumor are discussed in this report.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Expression of an embryonic spicule matrix gene in calcified tissues of adult sea urchins.

The sea urchin spicule is composed of CaCO3 associated with an organic matrix containing at least 10 proteins. We have previously shown that one of these proteins, a 50-kDa glycoprotein (SM 50), is encoded by a gene which is only transcribed in cells of the micromere-mesenchyme lineage. In this report we examined RNA from five adult tissues: ovary, coelomocytes, intestine, tube feet, and spine for the presence of SM 50 transcripts and protein. Only RNA from cells of spine and tube feet hybridized to a SM 50-specific probe on Northern blots. These same two tissues undergo biomineralization and contain a protein which is immunologically related to the SM 50 protein. The restricted accumulation of SM 50 transcripts and protein suggests that the differentiation of biomineralizing mesenchyme cells in embryonic and adult tissue may utilize the same genetic program.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A modification of the sagittal splitting technique ensuring that the osteotomy split lies immediately medial to the lateral cortex.

A modification of Obwegeser's sagittal splitting method for the correction of mandibular prognathism has been developed. The anterior border of the proximal segment is partially removed at the beginning of osteotomy, which is carried out on the immediate inner surface of the lateral cortex. This osteotomy plane just under the lateral cortex, obtained by the use of a thin, disposable reciprocating sawblade, contributed to a lower incidence of postoperative lower lip hypaesthesia in the 14 cases presented.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

The platysma myocutaneous flap for oral reconstruction. Experience with MacFee's cervical incision.

The present study was performed to demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of the Platysma Myocutaneous Flap in conjunction with MacFee's cervical incision (MacFee, 1960) for reconstruction after oral cancer excision. Ten squamous cell carcinoma cases were provided for postoperative evaluation of tongue movement and aesthetic problems of the cervical skin. It was found that the thickness of the skin island was adequate for covering the oral defects and was not a hindrance to proper postoperative function. MacFee's incision improved the condition of the scar caused by flap elevation. The procedure for preparing the muscle pedicle beneath the cervical skin tunnel was carried out without much difficulty by carefully preparing the surgical field.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Molecular forms of human chorionic gonadotropin in choriocarcinoma serum and urine.

The molecular forms of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were assessed in parallel serum and urine samples from a choriocarcinoma patient by gel chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and Western blot analysis. There were significant qualitative differences in the molecular forms of hCG between the serum and the urine. The serum hCG had a greater molecular weight and a stronger acidic charge than the urinary hCG. These results may be attributed to differences of sialic acid contents. Affinity chromatography using Ricinus communis agglutinin-conjugated Sepharose showed that the serum hCG was completely sialylated, while the urinary hCG was partially desialylated. In addition to the complete hCG molecule, two kinds of hCGbeta-related fragments were detected in the urine of the patient, but not in the serum. In the Western blot using anti-hCGbeta or anti-hCGbeta-CTP under reducing conditions, the urine presented a new band (CTP') with Mr 23,000 in addition to the beta-subunit, while the serum revealed a single band of the beta-subunit with or without a reducing reagent. The present data revealed striking qualitative differences in the molecular forms of hCG between serum and urine of a patient with choriocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Autonomous expression of tissue-specific genes in dissociated sea urchin embryos.

The effects of disrupting cell interactions in early development were investigated by examining the accumulation of a primary mesenchyme specific transcript (SM50) and an aboral ectoderm-specific transcript (Spec 1) in cultures of sea urchin embryos that were dissociated at early stages and then cultured in CFSW. The expression of both SM50 and Spec 1 is temporally correct and remains restricted to the appropriate cell types, even if the embryo is dissociated as early as the 2-cell stage and maintained as a suspension of single cells. This result is consistent with the idea that the specificity of expression of these two genes, each characteristic of different lineages, is strongly regulated by information in the egg. Average SM50 expression is half that of intact embryos, but Spec 1 expression is very low, only 10-20% of intact controls, suggesting some differences in the response of the two genes to lack of close cell interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Synthesis of proteins in Escherichia coli immunoreactive with sera from individuals infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I.

The env-pX IV fused gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was inserted into lac promoter-directed expression vectors for production of viral proteins in bacteria. Resulting recombinant plasmids, pK13 and pK15, directed synthesis of fused proteins of 59 kDa (Env-p40x) and 100 kDa (Gag-Env-p40x), respectively. Western blot analysis showed that these proteins were reactive with sera of patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and retained multiple antigenic determinants of viral proteins. In combination with recombinant Gag protein [S. Itamura, K. Shigesada, M. Imai, N. Kobayashi, T. Hamakado, T. Harada and M. Hatanaka, Gene 38, 57-64 (1985)], these bacterially synthesized proteins may provide a useful tool for differential diagnosis of ATL by detecting serum antibodies against individual viral proteins and for analysis of viral gene functions.

Antibodies, Viral↗