Biomedical subjects

T Kito

Publications and source records attributed to T Kito.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

[Influence of immunopotentiators on the activation of 5-FU derivatives].

As it has been shown that various kinds of immunopotentiators inhibit the hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes and reduce the activation of masked compounds such as tegafur, we investigated the influence of immunopotentiators (OK-432 and PSK) on the activation of carmofur (HCFU), which is known to be transformed spontaneously in to the tumor-active substance, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in vivo, and compared the results to those obtained for tegafur. After oral administration of tegafur, the area under the plasma concentration curves of 5-FU in rats pretreated with OK-432 and PSK were 72% and 79% of those in untreated rats, while in the case of HCFU almost similar plasma concentration curves for 5-FU were obtained in both treated and untreated rats. These results show that the activation of HCFU to 5-FU is not influenced by treatment with these immunopotentiators. Furthermore, our clinical investigation showed that the survival curves of cancer patients given combination therapy of tegafur with OK-432 tended to be lower than those given a single therapy of tegafur, supporting the above mentioned basic results.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1983

[Adjuvant immunochemotherapy combined with OK-432 following surgery of stomach cancer].

Postoperative immunochemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and OK-432 was evaluated as adjuvant therapy for curative resection in the cases of gastric cancer. One hundred and twenty-two patients (28 were excluded) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group A-MMC and 5-FU (28 cases); Group B-MMC, 5-FU and OK-432 (33 cases); Group C-control (33 cases). There were no differences in the back ground factors influencing survival time among each group. Group B showed better results in survival rate and disease free interval as compared with Group A or C. Minor and reversible side effects such as enterogastric disorder, leukopenia (less than 3000/mm3), thrombo cytopenia (less than 7 X 10(4)/mm3) and elevation of serum transaminase (S-GPT greater than or equal to 100 unit) were equivalently observed in frequency in each Group A and B, but they were milder in Group B than Group A.

Aged↗

PubMed1983

[Case of early malignant lymphoma scattered over the whole stomach].

Early malignant lymphoma is rare and cases with scattering over the whole stomach are extremely rare. Malignant lymphoma is frequently accompanied by R.L.H. or multiple malignant lymphoma. In our case, some lesions were difficult to distinguish from reactive lesions because cellular atypia was of a low grade. As preoperative radiograpic and endoscopic examination had suggested the lesions to be widespread, the surgical stump was carefully inspected to avoid leaving malignant cells. We discuss the surgical treatment of malignant lymphoma of the stomach.

Gastrectomy↗

PubMed1983

[Adenocarcinoma adjoining to the gastric antrum and minute carcinoid--a case report].

The simultaneous occurrence of carcinoma and carcinoid in the stomach is rare. Only 5 cases have been reported in the literature so far. Our patient developed double primary neoplasms adjoining the gastric antrum. One was an early ulcerated adenocarcinoma limited to the submucosa, the other a minute carcinoid also within the submucosa. A large amount of 5-HIAA, but a normal amount of histamine, was excreted in the urine. The carcinoid syndrome, however, was absent through clinical course. The patient died of liver metastasis 3.5 months after gastrectomy. Microscopic examination after autopsy disclosed that the metastases consisted of only carcinoid cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1983

[Problems of surgical management of Borrmann's type IV stomach cancer--with special reference to subdivision of Borrmann's type IV].

Type IV of Borrmann's classification was subdivided into IVa and IVb according to the gross aspect of the mucosal surface of surgical specimens. Type IVa indicates the presence of slight elevation or depression, type IVb includes the rest of type IV. Of 2682 gastrectomized patients, 151 (5.6%) were classified as type IVa and 253 (9.4%) as type IVb. The 5-year survival rate of patients with type IVa who underwent curative gastrectomy was 36.0%; of patients with type IVb it was 17.5%. The difference in these survival rates was statistically significant. Between types IVa and IVb, there were no significant differences with respect to serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, and age and sex distribution. Therefore, other clinical and/or biological factors should be considered as reasons for the difference in the survival rates between these two groups. From this point of view, subdivision Borrmann's type IV is useful in evaluating the postoperative prognosis.

Gastrectomy↗

PubMed1981

[Pharmacological studies on experimental nephritic rats (11). Changes in pathohistological and biochemical parameters in anti-rat GBM rabbit serum-induced nephritis (author's transl)].

Anti-rat glomerular basement membrane (GBM) rabbit serum was produced by immunizing rabbits with the supernatant substance of trypsin-digested rat GBM. Nephritis was induced in rats by a single intravenous administration of 0.25 ml of anti-serum and changes in pathohistological and biochemical parameters during the process of the disease were investigated in comparison with those of Masugi nephritis and the modified type of Masugi nephritis previously reported. In light microscopic studies, histological changes seen in the kidneys closely resembled those of typical human glomerulonephritis. Changes such as hypercellularity, adhesion between capillary wall and Bowman's capsule, crescent formation and hyalinization in glomeruli and interstitial infiltration were the most pronounced on the 30th day after the anti-serum injection. In immunofluorescent studies, a linear fixation of rabbit IgG was observed along the GBM from the 1st day and the staining of a certain intensity was preserved throughout the experimental periods. A linear staining with anti-rat IgG serum was recognized from the 10th day. The fixation of fibrinogen was also seen in not only the glomerular capillary walls, but also in Bowman's space after the 10th day. Proteinuria significantly increased from the 1st day, reached a peak of 12 times the control level, and thereafter gradually decreased. The patterns of progress of urinary alkaline phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activities were much the same as those seen in cases of proteinuria and the levels at their peak times were about 10 and 3 times control levels, respectively. Plasma urea nitrogen level transiently increased on the 5th day and then reverted to the control level by the 30th day. Plasma cholesterol levels were significantly high from the 5th to the 20th days. It is concluded that glomerular damages in this model are more severe, so-called, "nephritic type" and continue for longer periods than in cases of Masugi nephritis, however, do not differ in degree and duration from findings in the modified type of Masugi nephritis.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗

PubMed1981

[Pharmacological studies on experimental nephritic rats (13). The development and aggravation of nephritis due to the repeated administration of liquoid (author's transl)].

In order to elucidate the role of blood coagulation system in the development and aggravation of glomerulonephritis, liquoid (Liq) was repeatedly administered to normal or nephritic rats. When Liq 10 mg/kg was given i.v. daily X 22 to normal rats (group I), the urinary excretions of protein and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and urea nitrogen content did not significantly change as compared with those in the normal control group. In rats given Liq 10 mg/kg i.v. either every 3 days X 8 (group III) or every day X 22 (group IV) from the 15th day after the i.v. administration of anti-rat glomerular basement membrane rabbit serum (AGS) [0.5 ml/150g body weight], these biochemical parameters were not significantly different from those of nephritic control rats given AGS only (group II). The deposits of fibrin or fibrinoids in glomeruli of groups I, II, III and IV, examined by a fluorescence antibody technique were evident in 2, 2, 8 and 10, respectively, out of 10 rats in each group, although the degree of deposition was slight. Under light microscopy, the adhesion between the glomerular capillary wall and Bowman's capsule, hypercellularity, crescent formation and hyalinization were demonstrated in a part of glomeruli, even in group I. concerning the influence of Liq in nephritic rats, the most prominent glomerular change was hyalinization. While in group II the hyalinization was evident in only 17% of glomeruli, in groups III and IV the hyalinization was 41 and 55%, respectively. Although no significant difference was seen between groups II and III regarding other glomerular changes except for hypercellularity, these changes in group IV increased as compared with those in group II. However, hypercellularity was less in groups III and IV than in group II. A slight occlusion of the glomerular capillary lumen was observed, even in group I. In nephritic groups, the degree of the capillary lumen occlusion in group IV was greater than that in group II. From these results, the acceleration of intraglomerular blood coagulation is considered to be a major factor in the development and aggravation of glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗

PubMed1980