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T Kordossis

Publications and source records attributed to T Kordossis.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of the circulating cell adhesion molecule E-selectin and disease progression in HIV infection.

The levels of soluble form of E-Selectin (sEs), or endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1, were measured in 96 sera derived from 72 HIV-infected patients at different stages of the disease, 60 healthy blood donors, and 50 HIV-negative patients with infections, using a quantitative ELISA. Levels of sEs in HIV-infected individuals without AIDS, according to the 1993 classification system of the Centers for Disease Control, were higher than normal (mean +/- SEM 48 +/- 4 versus 35 +/- 3 ng/ml, p = 0.003). Patients with established AIDS, who were afebrile and had no evidence of acute concurrent infection, had even higher sEs serum levels (70 +/- 9 ng/ml, p = 0.009, compared to those without AIDS). A significant increase in clinical category disease progression was present. Individual concentrations of sEs correlated directly with levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p < 0.00001) and IL-2 receptor (p = 0.001), but not with CD4+ T-cell counts. Zidovudine treatment was not associated with changes in sEs serum levels. Elevated sEs levels were also found in HIV-seronegative patients with other bacterial and protozoal infections. Since sEs is a biologically active molecule, further studies should investigate the pathogenetic significance of circulating sEs in HIV-related disease progression, and assess the prognostic value of sEs determination for these patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Virological and immunological response to HAART therapy in a community-based cohort of HIV-1-positive individuals.

PURPOSE: To determine virological and immunological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to investigate factors influencing response in a community-based setting. METHOD: Plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts were studied in 168 unselected individuals starting HAART including indinavir or ritonavir or hard-gel saquinavir-containing regimens. RESULTS: Overall, 60% of the patients reduced their HIV RNA to below 500 Eq/mL, but half of them experienced a subsequent virologic rebound. Patients with higher baseline HIV RNA, higher baseline CD4 cell count, and simultaneous initiation of combination therapy and patients on indinavir or ritonavir regimen were more likely to have virologic response within 6 months since HAART initiation. Patients with lower baseline CD4 cell count and with lower rates of viral clearance had a higher probability of a subsequent virologic rebound. Forty percent of the patients had increased their CD4 cell counts by more than 100 cells/microL (immunologic response). The probability of immunologic response was independent of baseline HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell count; however, the more complete the virologic suppression, the higher the probability of immunologic response. Thirty percent of the patients had discordance between virologic and immunologic responses. CONCLUSION: The rate of virologic failure in this unselected group of patients was higher than that observed in randomized clinical trials, but only a minority (11%) of the patients were treatment naïve. Starting combination therapy simultaneously and initiating antiretroviral therapy before advanced HIV disease has developed predict virologic response, whereas the magnitude of viral suppression predicts mid to long immunological response.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gallbladder contraction after administration of intravenous amino acids and long-chain triacylglycerols in humans.

We examined the possible physiologic effects of intravenous (IV) amino acids (AAs) and long-chain triacylglycerols (LCTs) on gallbladder (GB) motility and release of cholecystokinin (CCK) on humans. GB contraction was studied in normal volunteers after administration of a fatty meal and IV infusion of AA and LCT. The GB contraction volume was calculated with ultrasound. Cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) and cholecystokinin-33/39 (CCK-33/39) were measured by radio-immunoassay. Administration of a fatty meal resulted in GB contraction by 60% of its basal volume and was accompanied by an increase in the serum levels of both CCK-8 and CCK-33/39. Administration of IV AA and LCT resulted in GB contraction by 17 and 37%, respectively, of its basal volume. The latter contractions were accompanied by increased levels of CCK-8 only. We conclude that IV administration of AA and LCT can result in human GB contraction and induce the release of only CCK-8. Continuous IV administration of AA and LCT for greater than 2h causes exhaustion of CCK-8 release, so that the GB returns to its initial volume.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-organ specific autoantibodies against cellular components in HIV-1 infected individuals.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the presence of autoantibodies against cellular components in HIV-1 infected individuals. METHODS: Serum samples from 87 patients with HIV-1 infection and from 17 healthy HIV-seronegative controls were tested using sensitive and specific techniques (immunoblot, RNA precipitation), as well as counterimmunoelectrophoresis and indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Four sera (4.6%) showed reactivity in immunoblot against various unidentified cytoplasmic autoantigens. The four positive sera were obtained from patients belonging in equal numbers to the non-AIDS and AIDS groups. CONCLUSION: It appears that the production of antibodies against cellular components rarely occurs during the clinical course of HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗