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Biomedical subjects

T Kouno

Publications and source records attributed to T Kouno.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment for bilateral multiple lung cancers].

We reviewed 21 patients with bilateral multiple bronchogenic carcinomas. Eleven of them had synchronous carcinomas and 10 had metachronous carcinomas. We treated 6 patients with lobectomy and wedge resection under median sternotomy synchronously, and 2 patients with lobectomy on both lungs under standard thoracotomy, 2 patients with lobectomy and wedge resection, 1 patient with segmentectomy on both lung, 1 patient with lobectomy and segmentectomy, 1 patient with pneumonectomy and wedge resection, and 8 patients with lobectomy and thoracoscopic wedge resection on each lung metachronously. Two patients who had lobectomy on both lungs were dead, one of whom of pulmonary edema 2 weeks after second operation and the other of respiratory failure 3 years after second operation. We concluded that lobectomy on both lungs are not recommended because of high mortality rate (10%) and the limited resection under thoracoscopic surgery should be considered to treat the other contra lateral primary lung cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Aortic arch replacement with covered stent-graft as elephant trunk for a type A acute aortic dissection].

We report a case of aortic arch replacement with a covered stent-graft as an "elephant trunk". A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with Stanford type A aortic dissection. The initial intimal tear was located in the distal aortic arch. Under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and retrograde cerebral perfusion, the distal end of the arch graft, which was turned inside out and reinforced with a Z-stent, was inserted into the distal true lumen as an "elephant trunk". Distal anastomosis was performed between the aortic wall and the inverted external graft. Graft replacement of the aortic arch and ascending aorta was followed by proximal arch grafting. Coronary artery bypass grafting to RCA was performed concomitantly. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the distal false lumen became thrombosed. This procedure is effective for reliable distal anastomosis and prevention of blood leakage into the distal false lumen.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[A study of thymoma associated with cancer of the other organs].

Out of 97 cases of thymoma for the last 20 years, we have experienced 7 cases (9%) of thymoma associated with cancer of the other organs. The average age of the 7 cases was 60 years old and there were 3 females and 4 males. The organ with cancer was stomach in 3 cases, thyroid in 2, and lung, breast, colon and leukemia in one respectively. Histological classification of 8 thymomas in 7 cases was 3 epithelial type, 2 lymphocytic type and 3 mixed type. Myasthenia gravis with thymoma was only one out of them. we have to follow up carefully the patient with thymoma about occurrence of cancer of the other organs without thymus for a long time.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Trial manufacture of a plunger to reduce finger exposure].

According to the results of to a survey conducted by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine Technology in 1995, the mean monthly exposure dose to the trunk of nuclear medicine technicians was less than 0.2 mSv at more than 75% of the institutions, whereas the exposure dose to the fingers exceeded 0.5 mSv at 30% of the institutions. Many recent radiopharmaceuticals are being supplied as the syringe type, and while the syringe is surrounded by a tungsten or lead-glass shield, there is no shielding of the syringe needle or the plungers. The plastic plunger provides little shielding effect, and even when a tungsten plunger is used, calculating back from the leakage rate, the shielding effect for 99mTc is approximately 75%. We therefore trial-manufactured a plunger devised in such a manner as to considerably reduce exposure of the fingers and evaluated its shielding effect from leakage rate obtained with a dual-detector scintillation camera when the radionuclides 99mTc, 67Ga, 201Tl, and 123I were used. Its performance was satisfactory, with shielding effects (99mTc, 99%; 67Ga, 95%, 201Tl, 95%; 123I, 73%) about the same or better than back-calculated from the leakage rates.

Fingers↗
PubMed2001

[Method of evaluating the shielding effect of syringe shields and plungers].

The opportunities to use the syringe-type radiopharmaceuticals being supplied by manufacturers to conduct examinations in the ordinary clinical practice of nuclear medicine have recently increased, and the radiation doses to the fingers of those performing the examinations has been reduced. However, not much is known about the shielding effect of the syringe-type syringe shields and plungers. In order to evaluate their shielding effect, we devised a method in which leakage rates are calculated from the counts of the image data acquired with a 2-detector scintillation camera and compared with the values and graphs. The values made it possible to determine and compare single-direction leakage rates, whereas the graphs made it possible to determine and compare 360 degrees-direction leakage rates. This method is convenient, enables satisfactory result to be obtained in any institution, and appears to make it easy to understand the shielding effect. The validity of this method was confirmed in a comparative assessment with a survey-meter.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical significance of serum p53 antibody detection in a chemosensitivity assay in cases of human colorectal cancer].

Alteration of the p53 gene product occurs frequently during the progression of colorectal cancer. Recently, mutated p53 protein was found to induce the production of anti-p53 antibodies in the serum of patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between p53 status in serum and chemosensitivity in resectable colorectal cancer patients. A total of 35 patients with primary colorectal cancer who underwent surgical treatment were examined by chemosensitivity test with the viable tumor samples using Histoculture Drug Response Assay (HDRA). Serum samples of these patients to test for p53 antibodies were obtained before tumor resection, and assayed in duplicate by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The inhibition index of 5-FU and CDDP, determined by the HDRA method, in the sero-positive group was significantly lower than that of the sero-negative group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, significant statistical differences in chemosensitivity to 5-FU and CDDP were revealed depending on the presence of serum p53 antibodies. There was no relationship between chemosensitivity assay and tumor marker positivity or clinicopathological features in these patients. Detection of serum p53 antibodies, which reflects p53 mutations in tumor tissue, is a simple method which correlates with chemosensitivity, and may contribute to the selection of favorable chemotherapeutic strategies of colorectal cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1999

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Breast with Serum IgD Monoclonal Protein: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) of the breast in a 49-year-old woman is reported. Six cases of EMP of the breast have been previously reported inthe world literature, but this case is unusual in that it was associated with serum IgD lamda monoclonal protein detected by serum immuno-electrophoresis. The protein was identical to the immunoprotein found in proliferating cells of the breast. Bone marrow aspiration revealed normal plasma cells indicating that the breast tumor did not represent extramedullary involvement of multiple myeloma or myelomatosis. An associated tumor was found in the nasal cavity after local treatment (mastectomy) of the breast tumor, but the patient remained disease-free 12months after adjuvant chemotherapy using nidlan, natulan, alkelan, prednisone, cyclophosphamide and vincristine.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[Detection of serum p53 antibodies in colorectal cancer patients and the clinical significance of postoperative monitoring].

p53 protein overexpression was found to induce the production of antibodies in patient serum and, recently, the easy detection of serum antibodies has been made possible. The aim of this study is to determine the significance of serum p53 antibodies in patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma in comparison with their clinicopathological features, and the tumor marker sensitivities of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carcinoma antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Thirty-nine of 86 patients (45.3%) were positive for serum p53 antibodies. However, there was no relation with the cancer progression or clinicopathological findings. The sensitivities of CEA, CA19-9 and AFP were 36.0%, 38.4%, and 8.1% respectively, but there was no relation between serum p53 antibodies and these three markers. When the sensitivity of serum p53 antibodies and CEA was evaluated according to clinical stage, the presence of serum p53 antibodies was more significantly associated with stage 0, I and II colorectal cancer than was CEA. Thirty-three patients who showed preoperative positivity for serum p53 antibodies were followed by serial evaluation of circulating antibodies after resection. Negative conversions after resection were significantly higher in the "Cur A" group than in the "Cur B" or "Cur C" groups. Serum p53 antibodies appear to be a useful tumor marker independent of the other markers, especially in the early stage, and are expected to be useful in the development of a method of early diagnosis for mass screening, and as a postoperative monitoring marker for colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAI) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma inefficacious with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)].

For 6 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in whom TAE was inefficacious, we tried hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. 5-FU 500 mg/day + CDDP 10 mg/day was administered during 5 days. The AFP level was decreased for 4 patients, and 2 patients showed a partial response in CT image. These 2 patients have been alive over 22 and 18 months, respectively. These results suggest that 5-FU + CDDP HAI might be a useful treatment of HCC inefficacious with TAE.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by the urinary bladder epithelial cells of several mammalian species.

Transitional epithelium of mammalian urinary bladder is a functional barrier which prevents passage of urine into the submucosa. In a previous study, we found uptake by the epithelial cells of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) instilled into the mouse bladder lumen. In the present study, the ability of bladder epithelial cells to take up HRP, which was visualized by the diaminobenzidine (DAB) reaction, was compared among several mammalian species by light and electron microscopy. In mouse, rabbit and dog bladder, the superficial cells of the transitional epithelium showed positive reactions for HRP, while cells in lower epithelial layers were DAB-negative. Some of the reaction products could be seen as a number of granules not surrounded by a membrane. The intercellular space of the epithelium was DAB-negative. In rat and guinea pig bladder, however, all urothelial cells showed negative reactions for HRP indicating that no uptake of HRP had been occurred in these animals. These results indicate that the uptake of HRP by the superficial cells of the bladder epithelium differs among mammalian species, indicating some functional differences in their superficial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effect of methylprednisolone on plasma lipid peroxidation induced by lipopolysaccharide.

The effects of methylprednisolone succinate (MP) on plasma lipid peroxidation, plasma SOD activity and superoxide production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were examined in rats in vivo and in vitro. In rats subjected to LPS treatment, plasma phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) levels significantly increased, and the plasma Cu,Zn-SOD activity decreased by about 75%. When rats were given 30 mg/kg of MP intravenously, MP suppressed the elevation of plasma PCOOH levels and partially inhibited the decrease in plasma Cu,Zn-SOD activity. MP also suppressed PMA-induced superoxide production in PMNs primed by LPS. In in vitro experiments, low concentrations of MP had no effect on NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation, but 4 mM MP produced 50% inhibition. MP had little effect on PMA-induced superoxide production in PMNs primed by LPS. Moreover, MP had no radical-trapping effect on superoxide, hydroxyl radical and stable DPPH radical. These results suggest that the suppressive effect of plasma lipid peroxidation by MP is not due to radical-trapping effects or preventive anti-oxidation, but may involve the suppression of the lipid chain reaction in liver membrane resulting from PMA-induced superoxide anions generated by PMNs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Thoracoscopic partial resection of the lung by use of Nd-YAG laser and standard suturing technique].

The patient was a 62-year-old woman who was referred to our department for bilateral diffuse abnormal shadows along with a sigmoid colon cancer that had been resected one month previously. Thoracoscopic partial resection of the left S8 region was performed. Nd-YAG laser with a contact tip was used for the resection. Hemostasis at the bed of the resection was assured by applying a free laser beam to oozing and non-coagulated surface. Additionally, the resected end was closed by standard continuous double over-and-over sutures in order to minimize the air leakage. Endo-Bulldog clamp facilitated the operation, minimizing hemorrhage from the resected end. This device can clamp any part of the lung and save one percutaneous puncture site necessary for thoracoscopic procedures. Postoperative course was uneventful. Pathological diagnosis was reported as an alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1993

Regeneration of rat urinary bladder epithelium after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-treatment: scanning and transmission electron microscopic study.

Rat urinary bladder epithelium consists of basal, intermediate and superficial cell layers. The superficial cells (SP cells) were desquamated after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-treatment, and the morphological changes of the regenerating epithelium were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Twenty-four hours after TPA-treatment, the epithelium had principally two cell layers and no typical SP cells were observed. During the next 24 hours, the epithelial cell layers became irregular as the epithelial cells with multiform cell projections interdigitated with each other and more than five layers of cell stratification were observed. These cells were bright and had large round nuclei. Their luminal surfaces at this stage were triangular or rectangular. Four days after TPA treatment, epithelial stratification was reduced to approximately three cell layers and some of the luminal cells had recovered the fusiform vesicles. Eight days after TPA treatment, most regions of the epithelium had returned to normal and typical SP cells with many fusiform vesicles had regenerated. These results indicate that the regeneration of bladder epithelium after TPA treatment occurred within about one week.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in monozygotic twins.

We encountered two cases of Harada's disease in monozygotic twins, and this is the first such report as far as could be determined. Case 1 was a 32-year-old woman who presented a typical clinical picture of Harada's disease. Seven years later, case 2 (the younger sister), also presented with the disease at 39 years of age. Case 2 had a transitional diffuse type of Harada's disease, which was possibly due to differences in her treatment. Both patients had papilledema. Since these twins both developed Harada's disease, it is suggested that hereditary factors including HLA type are very important in its development. The HLA type of both these patients was A2, A26, B51, B7, CW7, DR1, and DR4.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ovarian twin pregnancy.

Ovarian twin pregnancy is quite uncommon. We present a case of an ovarian twin pregnancy associated with pelvic endometriosis. The ultrasonographic findings in our case were similar to those of malignant ovarian tumor. Five cases of ovarian twin pregnancy, including this case, are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of smoldering adult T-cell leukemia complicated by various pulmonary infections].

A 46-year-old man was admitted to Oita Medical College Hospital on October 16, 1987, because of cough and sputum. Chest X-ray and chest CT films showed diffuse reticulonodular shadow. The specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy revealed cysts of pneumocystis carinii. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found 2-7% of peripheral leucocytes. The anti HTLV-I antibody was positive. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smoldering adult T cell leukemia with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after SMX-TMP and pentamidine treatment. After about 1 year, he was again admitted for high fever. Chest X-ray showed infiltration with cavity in right upper lobe. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the sputum. The infiltration shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after antibiotics treatment. However, multiple nodular shadow appeared on the chest X-ray and ATL cell infiltration was found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy. ATL cells in peripheral blood also increased and serum LDH and Calcium levels were markedly high. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as having a ATL crisis. Although chemotherapy for ATL was started, the ATL, cell infiltration shadow on the chest X-ray enlarged, and bilateral diffuse patchy shadows was appeared on the chest X-ray. He died of respiratory failure on April 26, 1989. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia and ATL cell infiltration were revealed by necropsy.

Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts↗