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Biomedical subjects

T Kugoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Kugoh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Simplification of antiepileptic pharmacotherapy: from the viewpoint of rational management for epilepsy.

Rational management for epilepsy was investigated mainly from the viewpoint of antiepileptic pharmacotherapy. At first, diagnoses were reviewed by the ILAE classification for epilepsies and epileptic syndromes in 603 patients who visited a newly-established outpatient clinic for epilepsy and problems concerning the diagnosis of epilepsy were pointed out. Then, habitual pharmacotherapy in the past was assessed critically in cases where details of treatment before hospital attendance could be known. Further, the results of prospectively conducted simplification of pharmacotherapy where the appropriate choice of drugs and dosage were taken into account were reported. Furthermore, questions about the conventional criteria for drug effect evaluation were described and new criteria through which the influence on the daily life was also evaluated were presented. Finally, from the standpoint of comprehensive treatment, the system of rational management was discussed.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1986

A trial of discontinuation of barbiturates in patients with secondary generalized epilepsy.

The vast majority of patients with secondary generalized epilepsy (SGE) were under polytherapy including barbiturates. We were able to completely withdraw barbiturates in 17 cases with a refractory course of SGE. Valproic acid (VPA) is considered as one of the best drugs for SGE. Barbiturates decrease the serum level of VPA and this may lead to a reduced efficacy of VPA. The dosage of VPA was adjusted to attain the level of 100-150 micrograms/ml. Barbiturates were then gradually decreased and finally discontinued. After six months of follow-up, 13 patients (76%) showed a reduced seizure frequency. Also, the physical and psychological conditions improved in a good number of cases. Barbiturates are not necessarily required in pharmacotherapy of SGE and may be safely withdrawn.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Blood ammonia level during valproic acid therapy.

We determined the blood ammonia level of epileptic patients in relation to valproic acid (VPA) therapy. A total determination of 256 specimens obtained from 174 cases were analyzed. The materials were assigned to the following three treatment groups: (a) VPA-monotherapy, (b) VPA-polytherapy and (c) non-administration of VPA. The distribution ranges of the blood ammonia level (micrograms/dl) were 40.5, 56.6 and 40.7 in mean, respectively. The VPA-polytherapy group showed a significantly higher level compared with the other two groups. On the other hand, the latter two groups showed no difference. There was a positive relationship between the blood ammonia and VPA serum levels with statistical significance. In conclusion, a critical factor causing hyperammonemia seemed to be the multiple use of antiepileptic drugs including VPA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

GABA levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy.

The lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were measured in 27 patients with epilepsy, another three epileptic patients with status epilepticus and three epileptic patients with chronic cerebellar ataxia. The mean lumbar CSF GABA levels of the 27 patients with epilepsy were not significantly different from those of normal controls. Six of these 27 patients who had daily partial complex and partial motor seizures showed significantly low CSF GABA levels as did the six other patients, three each with status epilepticus and chronic cerebellar ataxia. These findings suggest that some epileptic patients have impaired brain GABAergic neurons.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacodynamic factors in the occurrence of psychiatric symptoms among patients with epilepsy.

The frequency of the cases which showed the toxic levels and the relationship between the serum levels and mental symptoms were discussed on the basis of determination of the serum antiepileptic drugs. This was aimed at recognizing the effects of drug therapy in the appearance of some psychiatric symptoms in patients with epilepsy. The serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 were measured simultaneously to examine the relationship with some mental change. The direct cause-and-effect relationship could not be demonstrated between the serum levels and the mental symptoms.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1978

Induction of the six c/sec spike and wave by diphenhydramine hydrochloride in healthy male adults.

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPHm) solution 1.5% was given intravenously to 375 healthy males (mean age; 23.8 years) at a rate of 30 mg/min. The dosages injected were 2 mg/kg (N=157); 1.5 mg/kg (N=94); 10 mg/kg (N=72); 0.5 mg/kg (N=52). As a result, the 6 c/sec spike and wave discharges (WSP) was found in 19.7%, 9.6%, 20.8%, and 15.4% of cases, respectively. Comparisons were made between the WSP incidence versus past histories and Cornell Medical Index results, and between WSP positive and WSP negative subjects. No significant differences were observed in any of these parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mental dullness associated with left frontal continuous focal discharge.

(1) The EEG in a patient of refractory epilepsy showed the unilateral continuous focal discharge in left frontal area repeatedly for 11 days (2) Stupor and/or mental dullness associated with the change of EEG was the clinical manifestation. (3) A brief discussion was made about the possible pathophysiological mechanisms.

Adult↗