[Short-acting insulin analogs--critical assessment of meta-analyses].
Short-acting insulin analogs have for nearly ten years been prescribed for type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. There is extensive scientific and practical evidence of their being better than normal insulin. For this reason these insulins have been recommended in the guidelines of most leading specialist societies. In everyday practice they are an important component of the therapeutic portfolio which can produce an improvement in insulin treatment, especially of selective cases. On the other hand, there is growing economic pressure, especially in Germany, affecting their use. However, it must be critically asserted that those meta-analyses on insulin analogs, which have been commissioned by insurance companies or governmental organisations, do not do justice to their advantage. Current meta-analyses of short-acting insulin analogs exclude decisive advantages of insulin analogs from their analyses and compare highly heterogeneous groups. They do not distinguish between differing incidences of hypoglycemia associated with different HbA1c values as well as between conventional and intensive treatment. Furthermore positive data and positive major studies are excluded, while approval studies or trials with completely different aims are cited. Short study duration is also often neglected. As a result, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has rejected the Cochrane Review for 2005 for methodological reasons. Also, no recommendations can be derived from the recommendations of of the Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Wirtschaftlichkeit in der Medizin (IQWiG: Institute for Quality Assurance and Cost Effectiveness in Medicine). After critical assessment of meta-analyses the IDF concluded in its guidelines that insulin analogs should generally be used.