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Biomedical subjects

T L Turner

Publications and source records attributed to T L Turner.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Increased concentrations of D-dimers in newborn infants.

The concentrations of D-dimers (the D fragments of fibrinogen) were measured in blood from 15 preterm infants, and 45 born at full term, to establish normal ranges. The adult normal range is less than 0.25 mg/l; 31 of the 60 infants (52%) had values less than 0.25 mg/l, in 16 (27%) they were 0.25-0.5, in eight (13%) 0.5-1, in three (5%) 1-2, and in two (3%) 2-4. D-dimer concentrations measured during the neonatal period should be interpreted with caution.

Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products↗
PubMed1990

Biotin labeling of red cells in the measurement of red cell volume in preterm infants.

Determination of circulating red cell volume (RCV) in anemic preterm infants is, in theory, a better indicator of transfusion needs than Hb concentration. Our study reports the results of RCV measurement using biotin labeling of red cells on 40 occasions in preterm infants of 25-34 wk gestation. In 20 infants, who had estimations made within 24 h of birth, the RCV varied between 17.7 and 66 mL/kg. Twenty measurements were made at a later age at the time of a blood transfusion. RCV values were between 13.1 and 41.5 mL/kg before transfusion. In 13 infants, RCV was determined simultaneously using two methods, biotin and dilution of autologous HbF with donor HbA at transfusion. There was no significant difference between the results of RCV estimations using these two methods. Our study demonstrates that biotin labeling is an effective method for determining RCV in preterm infants.

Biotin↗
PubMed1988

Definitive estimate of rate of hemoglobin switching: measurement of percent hemoglobin F in neonatal reticulocytes.

The transition from fetal to adult erythropoiesis starts at 32-36 wk postconception. The rate of this switchover has been controversial. Studies of globin chain synthesis by reticulocytes in vitro have indicated gradual switching with a time for 50% reduction in fetal Hb synthesis ("half-time") of more than 6 wk. This may not accurately reflect fetal/adult Hb synthetic balance in vivo. By contrast, histochemical studies and also indirect mathematical analysis of postnatal changes in circulating fetal Hb and adult Hb may imply abrupt patterns of switching with half-times of less than 1 wk. We have resolved this discrepancy by direct measurement of the changing proportions of fetal and adult Hb in reticulocytes prepared by flourescence activated cell sorting from 10 full-term cord and 45 preterm postnatal blood samples. This method overcomes problems both of extrapolation from in vitro measurements and of mathematical analysis. We find a gradual transition from fetal Hb to adult Hb synthesis. The half-time is approximately 16-18 wk. Values of fetal Hb in reticulocytes were on average higher than predicted from in vitro synthesis studies. We find considerable individual variation. Infants differ in their switching behaviour, many showing prolonged dependence on fetal Hb.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Magnesium therapy in neonatal tetany.

104 infants with symptomatic hypocalcaemia were randomly allocated to treatment with calcium gluconate, phenobarbitone, or magnesium sulphate. Infants treated with magnesium sulphate had higher plasma-calcium concentrations after 48 hours' treatment and fewer convulsions during and after the treatment period. Magnesium sulphate is recommended as the treatment of choice in symptomatic neonatal tetany whether or not there is hypomagnesaemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Clinical and biochemical assessment of a modified evaporated milk for infant feeding.

A clinical and biochemical evaluation has been made of a new milk formula, Modified Carnation milk (MCM), based on cows' milk but with the mineral content and concentration of caloric nutrients altered to make it correspond more closely to human milk. MCM produced higher plasma calcium and magnesium concentrations in 6-day-old infants than those produced by unmodified evaporated and dried milks, achieving concentrations closer to those of breast milk. Plasma free amino acid concentrations in MCM-fed infants are nearer breast-fed values than those in unmodified milk-fed infants where higher individual plasma amino acid concentrations persist during the first 3 months. MCM-fed infants had low plasma urea concentrations and lower urine osmolalities at 6 days, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months than infants fed on the evaporated and dried milks, and similar plasma urea and urine osmolalities to those of breast-fed infants. MCM is likely to be superior to unmodified evaporated and dried milks in preventing convulsions of the hypocalcaemic/hypomagnesaemic/hyperphosphataemic type, and seems less likely to cause hypertonic dehydration. MCM is easily prepared, readily accepted by babies, and appears to be nutritionally adequate for the feeding of term infants.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Hyaline-membrane disease, alkaline buffer treatment, and cerebral intraventricular halphaemorrhage.

In 55 preterm infants dying from hyaline-membrane disease (H.M.D.) in 1971-74, infants with associated cerebral intraventricular haemorrhage (H.M.D./I.V.H.) had been given more intravascular sodium-bicarbonate solution, but the same proportions of cases with H.M.D. and H.M.D./I.V.H. received bicarbonate at the time of birth. Much of the sodium-bicarbonate solution given to H.M.D./I.V.H. infants was injected in response to the clinical effects of I.V.H. Maximum serum-sodium concentrations correlated with sodium-bicarbonate dosage but not I.V.H. The incidence of I.V.H. in preterm infants in 1971-74 was unchanged from 1956-59 when alkaline buffer treatment was not used. These findings do not suggest that sodium-bicarbonate therapy plays a major part in the pathogenesis of I.V.H.

Bicarbonates↗