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Biomedical subjects

T Lehtinen

Publications and source records attributed to T Lehtinen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Detection of herpes simplex virus in women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

Four women are described with acute salpingitis confirmed by laparoscopy who had herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolated from the cervix or the upper genital tract (endometrium, fallopian tube, or cul-de-sac) or both. None of the patients had overt genital herpes, but one had typical HSV cervitis on a cervicovaginal smear stained with Papanicolaou's stain, one had a significant change in level of antibodies to HSV, and one had an endometrial biopsy specimen positive for HSV antigen. There are at least three potential explanations for these findings: chronic viral shedding, viral reactivation caused by acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or that the PID was actually caused by HSV. Further prospective studies are needed to document the role of HSV in causing PID.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of serological responses in patients infected with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Serological responses to soluble membrane and cytoplasmic antigens specified by herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) and 2 (HSV2) were studied by immunoblotting and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the immunoblotting test, polypeptides migrating like the HSV1-specified glycoprotein C showed type-specific reactivity but could not always be detected. The immunoblotting and ELISA results were in agreement when antibody responses to HSV1- and HSV2-specified antigens were compared, and they allowed the identification of patients with HSV2 and/or HSV1 antibodies.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Immunoglobulin E in mucoid secretory otitis media.

19 serum and 23 middle ear mucoid fluid samples from patients with chronic secretory otitis media (SOM) were analyzed for total IgE using the PRIST technique and for specific IgE against dog epithelium, house dust mite, milk, egg-white and wheat using the RAST technique. All serum samples showed IgE values well within the normal range, and the middle ear fluid-serum ratio for total IgE was less than 1. In three sera there was a weak (score 1) positive RAST result to milk (2 cases) and to egg-white (1 case). None of the middle ear fluids showed positive reactions. Routine clinical assessment of total and specific IgE is not indicated in SOM.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Complement in chronic secretory otitis media. C3 breakdown and C3 splitting activity.

Occurrence of in vivo C3 breakdown and in vitro C3 splitting activity was studied in serum and middle-ear effusion (MEE) samples from 30 children with chronic secretory otitis media (SOM). The MEE showed strongly elevated levels of both low- and high-molecular-weight C3 breakdown products, along with decreased factor B, C4, and C3 levels. Total hemolytic complement component activity was virtually absent from MEE. The MEE fluids were found to contain C3 splitting factors as demonstrated by their high capacity to convert C3 in vitro from fresh normal human serum. This activity was not inhibited by the classic complement pathway inhibitor, 0.01M ethylene glycol tetra-acetic acid with 0.005M magnesium chloride. The results suggest that a strong local complement activation has taken place and that the factors responsible are present in the MEE of patients with SOM.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1984

Purification of herpes simplex virus-specified major DNA-binding proteins and detection of antibodies to them in human and rabbit sera.

We purified herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2-specified nonstructural DNA-binding proteins (ICP8 and ICSP 11/12, respectively) from infected Vero cells and applied them in ELISA test to analyse human and rabbit sera. Only a weak immune response to the ICP8 and ICSP 11/12 could be demonstrated following experimental HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections of rabbits. Low levels of ICSP8 antibodies were found also in acute HSV infections of man.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pneumococcal polysaccharide capsular antigens in chronic secretory otitis media.

In a series of 163 ears with chronic, mucoid effusion, free or immune complex bound pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens were demonstrated with Omniserum and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) in 37 ears (23%). In crushed adenoid tissue this figure was 39% (42/107). Using type- or group-specific sera pneumococcus type 6 was found to be most frequent (56%) followed by type 19 (17%). A similar trend was also seen in adenoid suspensions. The results suggest that development of secretory otitis media is much more linked with the pneumococcal serotypes than has been thought hitherto, and that type 6 occurs significantly more often bound in immune complexes than any other subtype.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1980

Proliferative and cytolytic reactivities of human lymphocytes fractionated on wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose columns before or after alloactivation in mixed lymphocyte culture.

Human T-lymphocyte preparations from peripheral blood with either high- or low-avidity receptors for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were obtained by fractioned on WGA--Sepharose columns. Both fractions contained progenitors of alloreactive T cells, proliferating in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) and acting as effector cells in cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). Proliferation and CML activity of the two fractions were equal and similar to those of the unfractionated cells. However, when the lymphocytes were fractionated after 5 days' MLC, most of the proliferating and cytolytic cells were found in the lymphocyte fraction enriched in cells with high-avidity receptors for WGA. The reactivity of the fractions was correlated to their content of blast-transformed cells. The binding of MLC-activated lymphocytes to WGA was specific, since it was inhibited by the competitive hapten D-GlcNAc and no cells were retained on control columns charged with human serum albumin-Sepharose. B cells and monocytic cells were enriched in the fraction with low-avidity receptors for WGA. As indicated by experiments in which cells were mixed in different proportions, the low MLC-CML activity of the lymphocytes in the fraction with low-avidity WGA receptors was not caused by suppressor cells present in that fraction.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1977

Effect of ampicillin administration on plasma conjugated and unconjugated estrogen and progesterone levels in pregnancy.

The administration of ampicillin to three women in the last trimester of pregnancy caused a transient reduction in the plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol and of estriol-16alpha-glucuronide, as measured by a specific radioimmunoassay. Similar changes were seen in plasma conjugated estrone and estradiol levels, but the effect seemed to be more prolonged. In most cases, the reduction in plasma conjugated estrogens was greatest on the second and third day of ampicillin administration, the pattern being similar to that described previously for urinary estriol and other estrogens. There were no obvious differences in the ampicillin effect between the morning and afternoon plasma levels. Ampicillin caused no consistent change in the plasma levels of unconjugated estrone, estradiol, and estriol or in plasma progesterone. These results are discussed with consideration of our present understanding of the effect of ampicillin on the intestinal metabolism and enterohepatic circulation of steroids.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy in large cleaved cell lymphomas.

The results of nuclear DNA content analysis of a series of 28 patients with large cleaved follicular centre cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are reported. DNA aneuploidy was found in 11 (39 per cent) cases. The DNA indices of the DNA-aneuploid peaks ranged from 1.14 to 2.28. Seven (25 per cent) cases were tetraploid. DNA ploidy was not associated with prognosis. The percentage of S phase cells (SPF) ranged from 2.0 to 30.5 per cent (median 5.1 per cent). Lymphoma patients with SPF higher than 9.7 per cent had a worse survival rate than patients with lymphoma with less than 9.7 per cent S phase cells but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The results of the DNA ploidy and SPF were comparable to those of intermediate and high grade malignancy NHLs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accumulation of p53 protein correlates with tumour proliferative activity in EBV positive Burkitt's lymphoma.

p53 tumour suppressor gene is often found mutated in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines and tumours. We analysed 35 BL tumours for the accumulation of p53 protein, and correlated the results with DNA flow cytometric data on the proliferative activity (SPF), and data on the presence or absence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. More than one-third (37 per cent) of the tumours showed accumulation of p53, which was considered to be consistent with mutation of the p53 gene. Tumours that were positive both for EBV DNA and p53 had significantly higher mean SPF than corresponding EBV DNA negative and/or p53 negative tumours. The proportions of tumour cells with accumulation of p53 appeared to correlate with tumour SPF only in EBV DNA positive BLs. However, there was no apparent association between accumulation of p53 and the presence or absence of EBV DNA. These findings are suggestive of multiple pathways in BL tumour progression.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune complexes in middle ear fluid in chronic secretory otitis media.

Data on 87 patients (113 ears) with chronic secretory otitis media (SOM) are reported. The bacteriological analysis of the middle ear fluid (MEF) revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae in 7% of ears, Hemophilus influenzae in 9%, opportunistic bacteria in 20%, while 64% of the samples showed no growth. Free capsular polysaccharide pneumococcal antigens were found in 5% of the MEF samples using counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) with Omniserum containing 83 different pneumococcal polysaccharide types. Heating of the samples to disrupt the immune complexes increased the frequency of positive samples to 27%. These findings, together with the frequent occurrence of S pneumoniae and H influenzae in the nasopharynx, strongly support the opinion that chronic SOM in a considerable number of cases is an immune complex disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune complexes in the middle ear fluid and adenoid tissue in chronic secretory otitis media.

Specimens of middle ear effusion and adenoid tissue were studied for bacteria and pneumococcal capsular antigen in 107 patients with secretory otitis media. 120 of 163 middle ear effusion samples (73.6%) were negative on bacterial culture. Hemophilus influenzae was present in 9.2% and Streptococcus pneumoniae in 1.8%. Hemophilus influenzae was cultured from 44.8% and Streptococcus pneumoniae from 35.5% of 107 adenoid tissue specimens. Free pneumococcal capsular antigen was demonstrated in 10.4% of the middle ear fluids and this figure rose to 23% when antigen was liberated from the immune complexes by heating. The corresponding figures for adenoid tissue suspension were 27.1% and 39%. The adenoid tissue or the lymphoid tissue of the entire oropharynx could act as the source of antigen which could maintain immune complex disease in some patients suffering from secretory otitis media.

Adenoids↗