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Biomedical subjects

T Lesar

Publications and source records attributed to T Lesar.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Unusual treatment response of a severe dystonia to diphenhydramine.

A 27-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with a fluphenazine decanoate-induced dystonia. He was treated with 125 mg diphenhydramine IV in four doses and 2 mg benztropine IM. A fluctuating response was observed before continued remission of the dystonia. Possible reasons for variable patient responses to diphenhydramine are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intravitreal liposome-encapsulated gentamicin in a rabbit model. Prolonged therapeutic levels.

The authors investigated the effect of liposome encapsulation on the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin after intravitreal injection in albino rabbits, using immunofluorescent assay. Gentamicin was encapsulated into liposomes of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, and alpha-tocopherol. The final liposomal suspension contained gentamicin, 10 mg/ml, 95% encapsulated. One eye of each rabbit received an intravitreal injection (100 mg gentamicin per 0.1 ml) of either liposome-encapsulated gentamicin (LEG) or gentamicin in phosphate-buffered saline (Gs). Equilibrium dialysis separated free from encapsulated drug in vitreous samples. The peak free drug concentration was significantly less (P less than .01, unpaired t-test) with LEG than with Gs. Concentrations of free and total gentamicin were significantly greater (P less than .05) with LEG than with Gs at 24, 72, 120, and 192 hr. LEG gave a twofold increase in area under the drug concentration time curve for total drug, and a 1.5-fold increase for free drug when compared to Gs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intravitreal toxicity of hydroxyacyclovir (BW-B759U), a new antiviral agent.

We investigated the toxicity of the antiviral compound hydroxyacyclovir (9-[hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxymethyl]guanine, or BW-B759U), following intravitreal injection in the rabbit. Intravitreal doses of 10, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, and 400 micrograms produced no discernible ophthalmoscopic or histologic changes. Intravitreal doses of 40, 200, and 400 micrograms produced no changes in the electroretinography B-waves. The low level of retinal toxicity and excellent median inhibitory dose values of intravitreal BW-B759U against cytomegalovirus suggest its potential therapeutic utility in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

Alprazolam-related digoxin toxicity.

An elderly woman developed a high serum digoxin concentration resulting in toxicity when alprazolam was added to her digoxin therapy. The reduced renal clearance of digoxin is postulated as the mechanism for this interaction.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Atrial flutter and maprotiline: case report.

Atrial flutter developed in an 80-year-old woman after 10 days of treatment with maprotiline at therapeutic concentrations. This cardiac irregularity is extremely rare with the conventional antidepressants. Evidence is reviewed to suggest that the likely mechanism was reuptake blockade of noradrenergic amines stimulating reentrant excitation within the atria.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Trazodone overdose.

Trazodone did not appear to be a potent respiratory depressant or cardiotoxic or neurotoxic agent in our cases. Further experience is needed to determine a recommended treatment procedure. It is not clear whether the experience with these two cases can be extrapolated to elderly patients, patients with serious physical illnesses, or cases involving larger ingestions. Additional information is required concerning concurrent ingestion of trazodone and alcohol or other CNS-depressant drugs. It would appear that standard treatment including emptying of the stomach, activated charcoal and cathartic, and close observation to monitor and support the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is appropriate. These two case reports suggest that trazodone lacks the serious toxicity encountered with other antidepressant compounds when taken in large overdoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Anxiety states and benzodiazepines.

Benzodiazepines are effective anxiolytic agents when used properly. They have a high therapeutic-to-toxic ratio and a relatively low rate of physical dependency if the duration of use is limited. They are most effective in ameliorating generalized and post-traumatic anxiety and in relieving the anxiety associated with adjustment reactions. They are less effective for panic attacks and for phobic and obsessive anxiety disorders. The rate of absorption and type of metabolism determine the onset and duration of action.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1983

Nonketotic hyperglycemia associated with loxapine and amoxapine: case report.

A case of nonketotic hyperglycemic coma associated with the recent introduction of loxapine is presented. Drug discontinuation led to a return of normal fasting blood glucose. Later challenge with amoxapine was also associated with acute hyperglycemia. Their common metabolite, 7-OH amoxapine, is implicated.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1981

Effect of obesity on gentamicin pharmacokinetics.

The effect of obesity on gentamicin disposition was studied in 60 obstetric and gynecologic patients receiving treatment for Gram-negative infections. Thirty patients whose body weights were within 20 per cent of their ideal body weight were the control group. Thirty additional patients had body weights at least 30 per cent greater than ideal body weight and were the obese group. The two groups had similar ages, heights, ideal body weights (IBW), lean body weights (LBW), and elimination rates of gentamicin. The distribution volumes, expressed as liters or standardized to ideal body weight, lean body weight, or total body weight, were significantly different in the controls from those in obese patients. The distribution volume averaged (+/- S.D.) 0.19 +/- 0.06 1./kg in controls. The contribution of excess weight to additional drug volume averaged (+/- S.D.) 0.05 +/- 0.161./kg. Excess weight thus contributes less volume per kilogram than ideal body weight or lean body weight. A substantial interpatient variability existed in the measured distribution volume for all groups. Measuring serum concentrations and adjusting a patient's dosage regimen are imperative to ensure therapeutic serum concentrations.

Adult↗