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Biomedical subjects

T M Allan

Publications and source records attributed to T M Allan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Seasonality of disease in Kuwait.

To compare the seasonal variation in total mortality and deaths from cardiovascular, respiratory, and malignant disease, data were collected from North-East Scotland (Grampian region) and Kuwait. Seasonal differences were similar, in both timing and degree, for total mortality and deaths from circulatory disease, but were greater in Kuwait for respiratory disease. Peak mortality was during winter in both areas: in Grampian, when the climate is most uncomfortable, and in Kuwait, when the climate is at its most comfortable. Socioeconomic changes in Kuwait have been accompanied by a rapid fall in the degree of seasonality (deseasonality) for both total and infant mortality. These findings suggest that mortality peaks in winter, not because of a seasonally low temperature, but because of a seasonal fall in mean temperature irrespective of the annual mean temperature.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Composition of seasonality of disease.

The composition of the seasonality of total death was ascertained. Vascular disease seasonality constitutes more than half. The remaining seasonality is influenced by respiratory disease. Surprisingly and of possible importance cancer mortality was not seasonal. Deaths from 'all other disease' and from 'injuries' is seasonal. Seasonality increases with age. In coronary and cerebrovascular disease death has a large seasonal fluctuation. On the other hand hospital admissions and survivors have a minor seasonal fluctuation--only cerebrovascular admissions reaching the chosen level of significance with a small seasonal amplitude. For vascular disease the ranking of seasonal fluctuation from greatest to least is--death outside hospital, total death, death inside hospital, admissions, survivors. It is death outside hospital presumably 'sudden' that imposes seasonality on coronary disease in general. For respiratory diseases not only death but hospital admissions and survivors have high amplitude seasonality with a much greater fluctuation than for death in vascular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Seasonal, regional and secular variations of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in New Zealand.

Numbers of deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were available for five years (1980-84) in the North and South Islands of New Zealand; estimated death rates were determined, and age correction made. There was a major seasonal variation by month in coronary and cerebrovascular deaths in both sexes and both islands, with a zenith in June/July/August (winter) and a nadir in December/January/February (summer). There was a less obvious, and less complete, linear trend, with declining secular (annual) mortality over the five years. This was more obvious in North Island but not proven in South Island. After standardising for age, coronary mortality rates (but not cerebrovascular mortality rates), were significantly higher in South Island than in North Island. Mortality from both CHD and CVD was significantly higher in males than in females.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Iconic memory and aging.

Previous attempts to measure the capacity of iconic memory in elderly adults have been unsuccessful, demonstrating in one case that 80% of the elderly adults tested could not perform above chance level. The present experiments illustrated that the partial report paradigm designed by Sperling (1960) could be used with elderly adults to obtain such a measure. Both the young and older adults exhibited a strong partial report superiority that declined with delays in the cue interval. The effect of the perceived organization of an array on readout from iconic memory also was examined. Contrary to Merikle (1980), the differences due to the display layout were attributed to better acuity for one type of display and not to perceptual organization factors.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

ABO and Rh blood groups in relation to sex ratio, mean number and mortality of sibs.

Data are presented on the sex ratio, mean number and mortality of the sibs of 17,060 schoolchildren, and on the sex ratio and mean number of the sibs of 5,785 blood donors, in relation to the children's and donors' sex and ABO and Rh blood groups. The sex ratio is significantly higher for the sibs of AB + B than for those of A + O schoolboys, and for the sibs of Rh-negative than for those of Rh-positive male blood donors, but in both cases the mean number of sibs is exactly the same for the first-mentioned as for the second-mentioned category.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1976

Interrelations between ABO blood group, plasminogen, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-macroglobulin and the platelet count in blood donors.

The level of plasminogen alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-macroglobulin and the platelet count were measured in 511 blood donors. The mean level of alpha1-antitrypsin was significantly lower in men of group B compared with that of group O. No other differences between the blood groups reached statistical significance. Woman had higher mean levels of alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha2-macroglobulin and a higher platelet count than men. The levels of plasminogen and alpha1-antitrypsin were significantly higher in women using oral contraceptive compared with those who were not. The level of alpha2-marcoglobulin fell with age until the 60-64 year age-group in men and the 40-49 year age-group in women. A positive correlation existed between the alpha1-antitrypsin and the alpha2-macroglobulin level and between the platelet count and the plasminogen level.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

ABO blood groups and human sex ratio at birth.

In the aggregate of the seventeen published series of the ABO blood groups of newborn babies and their mothers (an aggregate totalling 53,679 mother-baby combinations) there are substantial reciprocal differences by maternal ABO blood group in respect of the ratio of male to female babies. The ratio is relatively low for AB babies of AB mothers plus A babies of A mothers, but is relatively high for non-AB babies of AB mothers plus non-A babies of A mothers. By contrast, the ratio is relatively high for O babies of O mothers plus B babies of B mothers, but (except in the aggregate of seven of the seventeen series, totalling 16,601 cases) is relatively low for non-O babies of O mothers plus non-B babies of B mothers. Disregarding the babies' blood groups, the sex-ratio is higher for higher for babies of AB than of non-AB mothers. Disregarding the mothers' blood groups, the sex ratio is lower for A than non-A babies, while in the author's own series, included above, the ratio is lower for A babies possessing than for those not possessing detectable A1 antigen. It is suggested that a possible cause of these differences is sex-differential fetal mortality caused by interaction of the ABO genes, and some of the sex-determining genes, with oestrogen and progesterone.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1973

Karl Popper.

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Philosophy↗