PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T M Chakera

Publications and source records attributed to T M Chakera.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Degenerative joint abnormalities in patients with paraplegia of duration greater than 20 years.

Radiographs and medical and surgical records of 51 patients following spinal injury have been reviewed. All the patients had been paraplegic for 20 years or more at the time of the survey. The reason for the survey was to assess the incidence of degenerative change of the hips, sacroiliac and shoulder joints in patients following spinal injury. Our review indicates that the number of paraplegic patients who develop degeneration of hip and sacroiliac joint changes is less significant than has been previously reported. Analysis of our figures has revealed certain important associations which predispose these patients to joint degeneration. The associations (anatomical level of injury, urinary tract infections, and the level of the patients' activity) with joint degeneration are described.

Female↗
PubMed1987

The morbidity of CT air meatography: a follow-up of 84 patients.

At present CT air meatography is the examination of choice for all patients suspected of having a small acoustic neuroma not demonstrated by high resolution contrast enhanced computed tomography. Several publications have indicated that the examination is innocuous and can be carried out on an outpatient basis. An analysis of the side effects of this procedure in 84 patients suggests that it carries a significant morbidity and patients undergoing this examination should be admitted to hospital for at least 24 hours.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1987

Asymptomatic cerebellar venous angioma.

In contrast to the scarcity of recorded cases of radiologically studied venous angiomas, venous angiomas are the most common of the four basic types of congenital intracranial vascular malformations encountered incidentally at autopsy. Their clinical significance remains unclear. When symptomatic, they are associated mainly with hemorrhage or mechanical pressure on cranial nerves by anomalously enlarged veins, however, it is, as yet, impossible to predict what course an asymptomatic cerebellar venous angioma will take. The risks of surgery appear to exceed those of the natural history of the disorder. The following two cases of asymptomatic cerebellar venous angioma are recorded because of the rarity of the condition's diagnosis and the possibility of controversy in its conservative management.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cranial CT scan appearances that correlate with patient outcome in acute stroke.

Certain clinical features are known to correlate with patient outcome in acute stroke, but the potential of cranial CT scan as an aid to predicting recovery after stroke remains unclear. In a prospective study, 178 acute stroke patients admitted to Royal Perth Hospital were assessed by 4 neurologists; 150 cranial CT scans were performed and these were reviewed by an independent radiologist. CT lesion characteristics were cross-tabulated against clinical indices of patient outcome. Lesions greater than 50 cm3 in volume were associated with a 23% mortality compared to a 5% mortality for lesions smaller than 50 cm3. The mortality rate from intracerebral haemorrhage was 25% compared to 9% for other disease. Of patients whose CT scan showed a mass effect, 35% had an altered mental state at discharge compared to only 2% of those without a mass effect. Of the patients with deep white matter lesions, 35% had an altered mental state at discharge compared to only 13% of patients with lesions in other sites, and only 50% were discharged home compared to 77% of patients with lesions in other sites. CT scan features that correlated significantly with a poor outcome following acute stroke were large lesion size, intracerebral haemorrhage, mass effect and deep white matter lesions.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of cervical carotid artery disease. A comparison between the Doppler "Echoflow" and conventional angiography.

Carotid artery disease is an important factor in the aetiology of stroke and cerebrovascular insufficiency. Angiography remains the definitive technique for the investigation of the carotid arteries, but the risk and expense involved has stimulated research into suitable non-invasive techniques. A comparison between a velocity-sensitive, colour-coded Doppler principle ultrasound flowmeter (Echoflow) and conventional angiography was conducted on 52 patients (101 arteries) investigated at Royal Perth Hospital over a 16-month period. An acceptable correlation was found in 78% of cases. Echoflow scanning proved to be particularly accurate in assessing normal arteries. Our results support the use of Echoflow as a first line of investigation, and in aiding the selection of cases requiring further study, although we caution against routine angiography in all patients with positive Echoflow scan results.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Assessment by computed tomography of the response of pituitary macroadenomas to bromocriptine.

Eleven patients with large pituitary tumours and with extrasellar extension were studied prospectively to assess the response of these tumours to bromocriptine. Five out of the six patients with high serum prolactin due to prolactinomas showed rapid and dramatic reduction in tumour size when treated with bromocriptine. In contrast, none of the five patients with non-functioning tumours showed any change in tumour size on computed tomography.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Management of extra-sellar pituitary tumours with bromocriptine: comparison of prolactin secreting and non-functioning tumours using half-field visual evoked potentials and computerised tomography.

To determine whether prolactin secreting and non-functioning pituitary tumours respond differently in terms of shrinkage to bromocriptine, we prospectively studied ten consecutive patients (five with prolactinomas and five with non-functioning tumours) complicated by extra-sellar extensions. No patient had received prior radiotherapy or bromocriptine and the mean dose and duration of bromocriptine treatment were identical in the two groups of patients. Objective evidence of tumour shrinkage was provided by serial half-field visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and computerised tomography (CT). All five prolactinomas were shown to shrink as assessed by improvement in VEP and four of the five as assessed by CT. In contrast, only one of the five patients with non-functioning tumours showed any improvement in VEP or CT. Macroprolactinomas frequently shrink rapidly when treated with bromocriptine, whereas non-functioning tumours seldom show such a dramatic response.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Symptomatic hydrocephalus due to an elongated and ectatic basilar artery.

A patient with symptomatic hydrocephalus, due to an elongated and ectatic basilar artery and involving the third ventricle, is described. Characteristic CT scan features are outlined and were sufficient to confirm the diagnosis without resort to pneumoencephalography or angiography. The intraventricular CSF pressure was normal and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt resulted in significant sustained improvement of her balance and higher mental functions, coincident with CT scan evidence of return of ventricular size to normal. Other neurological presentations of an elongated and ectatic basilar artery include single or multiple cranial nerve involvement, a cerebellopontine-angle syndrome or chiasmal compression with visual failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Multicystic encephalomalacia: CT appearance and pathological correlation.

Perinatal insults, including anoxia, may lead to a form of cerebral necrosis designated multicystic encephalomalacia. This common condition is characterized by (a) moderate atrophic ventricular dilatation, (b) intact ventricular walls with thickened subependymal glial layer, (c) multiple cysts of irregular size and shape distributed throughout the cerebral white matter and the inner layers of the cortex bilaterally, and (d) relative sparing of the orbital surfaces of the frontal lobes, the temporal lobes below the superior temporal gyri, the basal ganglia, the cerebellar hemispheres, and the spinal cord (except for secondary degeneration of corticospinal tracts).

Brain↗
PubMed1982

Angiographic findings in normal and diseased gallbladders including ischaemic cholecystitis and infarction of the gallbladder.

Angiographic studies were performed on 60 normal and diseased gallbladders obtained from cholecystectomy specimens and necropsy examinations. The normal macro and microangiographic pattern was confirmed, as was the reduction in the number of blood vessels in chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Histological correlation however showed that the degree of arteriographic change paralleled the degree of histological disease. The microvascular pattern was directly related to the degree of mucosal villous atrophy, a change which may be important in the pathogenesis of some types of gallbladder disease. The most severe angiographic changes occurred in the case of ischaemic cholecystitis, and contrasted with the normal blood vessel pattern in a case of thin walled infarction of the gallbladder.

Angiography↗