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Biomedical subjects

T M Haygood

Publications and source records attributed to T M Haygood.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Pelvic insufficiency fractures associated with radiation atrophy: clinical recognition and diagnostic evaluation.

Pelvic bone injuries are infrequent complications of radiotherapy. However, insufficiency fractures in irradiated pelvic bones may be underdetected, particularly in postmenopausal women. We describe the clinical presentation, radiologic evaluation, and course of disease in three patients with postradiation pelvic insufficiency fractures. Differential diagnosis included metastatic disease, tumor recurrence, and second malignancy. Recognition of radiographic features may prevent unnecessary, possibly morbid treatments.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system: part 7. The ankle.

Diagnosis of many traumatic or attritional lesions about the ankle may be difficult with only the history, physical examination, and conventional radiographs. When uncertainty is present clinically or when precise depiction of the extent of injury will assist with treatment planning, magnetic resonance imaging may be a useful adjunct to these basic methods of evaluation. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging is useful for the identification and evaluation of tendinitis, tendon dislocations, osteochondral lesions, and occult fractures. Additional clinical settings in which magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful include evaluation of tumors, osteomyelitis, and tarsal coalition.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1997

Computed tomographic evaluation of calcaneal fractures.

Computed tomography (CT) can be a useful adjunct to conventional radiographs in the evaluation and treatment planning of comminuted calcaneal fractures. Either a combination of direct coronal and axial scan planes or a single set of oblique images may be used to study the calcaneus. CT can show the fracture planes, including the amount of displacement of fracture lines entering the posterior subtalar facet and the relationship of the sustentaculum tali to the remainder of the bone. Evaluation of the calcaneocuboid joint and any widening that has occurred due to the fracture is also easily accomplished with CT. CT should be interpreted in conjunction with the conventional radiographs as rotational components and flattening of the Böhler angle may be appreciated better on them than on CT.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1995

Imaging of the total hip arthroplasty.

More than 75,000 total hip arthroplasties are done yearly in the United States. Although modern cementing techniques have improved the longevity of cemented implants, uncemented prostheses have become popular, especially in younger, more active patients. There is also a trend toward modular components. These mechanical devices will all ultimately fail if subjected to sufficient use and stresses over time, though the specific causes and modes of failure vary widely. Loosening remains the primary cause of implant failure. There is a growing awareness of the role of wear particles in periprosthetic bone resorption with or without loosening. Stress shielding, dislocation, periprosthetic and prosthetic fractures, infection, heterotopic ossification, and stress concentration are also frequently encountered clinical problems. Conventional radiographs are the mainstay in evaluating total hip arthroplasty, with computed tomography and nuclear medicine imaging playing smaller roles.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1994

Radiographic findings of extremity tuberculosis in childhood: back to the future?

Since 1985, there has been an increase in the incidence of skeletal tuberculosis. Although this recent increase may prove to be temporary, familiarity with the protein manifestations of the disease is essential. The authors studied radiographs of 45 children in whom tuberculosis of the extremities had been diagnosed between 1937 and July 1991. Disease involved the hip in 18 cases; the knee in 17; the ankle in five; the shoulder in two; the midfoot in two; and the elbow, wrist, and hands in one each. Radiographic findings included joint effusion, periarticular osteopenia, joint space narrowing, cortical irregularity, lytic lesions, periosteal new bone formation, and advanced epiphyseal maturity. When the hip was involved, subluxation was a common finding. There is no single pathognomonic finding with which to make the diagnosis of skeletal tuberculosis. Clinical information may be helpful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Categorization of acromial shape: interobserver variability with MR imaging and conventional radiography.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine interobserver variability in the interpretation of the shape of the acromion on sagittal oblique MR images and conventional radiographs. The shape of the acromion was defined according to a previously described classification scheme. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 26 sets of sagittal oblique MR images and corresponding conventional Y- or outlet-view radiographs of the shoulder. The shape of the acromion was graded for each study independently by four reviewers. Interobserver agreement was measured by using the kappa statistic. Analysis of variance and the chi 2-test were used for univariate analysis. RESULTS: The acromion was interpreted most often as being curved. The observers scored 9% of MR images and 28% of conventional radiographs as nondiagnostic (p < .001) (41% of transscapular Y views and 3% of supraspinatus outlet views were also considered nondiagnostic [p < .0001]). Kappa values were .23 for MR images and .43 for conventional radiographs. Variability in interpretation between techniques when controlled for observer was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Although sagittal oblique MR images were significantly more likely than conventional radiographs to be considered diagnostic by observers, interobserver agreement for MR examinations was poor. There was moderate agreement with conventional radiographs. This calls into question the usefulness of the previous system of interpretation and suggests that it might be more applicable with conventional radiographs than with MR images.

Acromion↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging of the postoperative shoulder.

The use of MR imaging in the evaluation of the postoperative shoulder and the findings indicative of postoperative pathology remain largely unexplored. MR imaging does seem to be diagnostic of complete rotator cuff tears following cuff repair. In all postoperative cases, a key to differentiating the expected from the pathologic is to be familiar with the procedure that was performed.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

World War II military led the way in screening chest radiography.

World War I recruits were screened for tuberculosis almost exclusively with a history and physical exam. Radiography was unavailable on a large scale and expensive. New techniques developed in Brazil and elsewhere in the 1930s made mass radiographic screening practical. During World War II, the U.S. Army and Navy took advantage of this new technology to screen an estimated 10 million personnel. This ambitious and successful case-finding program inspired, in part, continuing radiographic screening efforts among the civilian population following the war, including mass screening of asymptomatic individuals and routine hospital admission chest films.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1991

An ectopic rim sign in hepatobiliary scintigraphy.

A 59-year-old man with gangrenous cholecystitis is presented along with an hepatobiliary scan that demonstrated nonvisualization of the gallbladder and a curvilinear area of increased activity in the region of the fissure for the ligamentum teres or common hepatic duct. There was no "rim sign" in the gallbladder fossa. We propose that perforation of the gallbladder and resultant pockets of pus may, through edematous compression of liver parenchyma, produce an ectopic rim sign if inflammation comes in contact with another portion of the liver.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1990

Diagnostic radiology around the world.

The frequency and type of radiographic examinations performed, as well as the type and quantity of radiographic equipment currently available, vary from country to country, depending on the type of screening programs used and on the level of health care available. These factors are a reflection of the country's overall wealth and stage of development. In past years, the annual number of radiologic examinations performed has increased worldwide, and this trend is expected to continue. If less developed countries are unable to increase their radiologic capacity at least as quickly as their population increases, they will fall further behind in their ability to care for their citizens.

Canada↗