Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T M Konyshkina.
The authors suggest a method of functional probing of the complement alternative cascade, the jist of it being analysis of the neutrophil adhesion to sephadex granules treated with serum or another complement-containing substrate. The advantages of the method are analyzed, and the range of its application suggested.
Interactions of human and rat neutrophils with allogenic and xenogeneic ligands were investigated. Human blood neutrophils reacted equally with human and rat IgG; IgG-dependent adhesion of rat neutrophils (from aseptic peritoneal exudate or blood) was observed only in allogenic system. C3-dependent reactions of neutrophils were observed both in allogenic and xenogeneic systems. The advantage of allogenic combinations in this case was reliable only for rat neutrophils. The relation of obtained results to structural and functional heterogeneity of receptors and ligands is discussed.
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A method has been developed for the assessment of the synovial fluid (SF) complement-dependent opsonic characteristics basing on the intensity of neutrophil adhesion to SF-pretreated Sephadex granules. Examinations of 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis have detected the lowest complement-dependent opsonization (CDD) in the patients with extraarticular symptoms. CDD showed a tendency to normalization over the course of intraarticular glucocorticoid therapy. No anti-opsonic effects of SF have been recorded. Examinations of 8 synovial exudates from patients with osteoarthrosis deformans have revealed SF CDD much higher than that in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
The ability of polysaccharide granules to activate the complement by covalently fixing C3b-factor and thus interact with the cells carrying C3b-receptors on the cytoplasmic membrane has been used to assess the neutrophil C3b-receptor function. Optimal conditions of the reaction have been selected. The range of C3b-mediated reactions has been 30-60% in the majority of healthy donors. The technique is easily reproducible, simple, and stable, it may be useful for clinical monitoring.
The influence of the cultures of 14 Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains on the capacity of factor C3b of the complement for mediating the adhesive reaction of human neutrophils was studied. In experiments with 5 out of 11 S. aureus strains the essential weakening of reactions was registered, while one of the strains considerably enhanced reactions. Out of 3 S. epidermidis strains, the weakening of C3b-dependent reaction was noted in one case. The activity of the cultures did not correlate with the gelatinase properties of staphylococci and was absent in all gelatinase-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The model worked out by the authors may be used for studying the influence of bacterial metabolites and biologically active substances on the effector properties of factor C3b of the complement.
Altogether 58 children with chronic hepatitis were examined for specific C31- and Fc-dependent neutrophil adhesion. Considerable alterations were found as dependent on the disease pattern and the degree of the pathological process activity in the liver. The data obtained promote verification of the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis in children.