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Biomedical subjects

T M Moriya

Publications and source records attributed to T M Moriya.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Evaluation by HIV/AIDS specialists of risk of HIV infection in university students, based on different sex practices].

To detect the beliefs concerning the risk levels related to several sexual practices/habits and the HIV infection among undergraduate students and to compare their opinion with the AIDS experts were the objectives of this study. A 25-item questionnaire (Likert Probability Scale) about sexual practices/habits were answered by undergraduate students enrolled in the courses of nursing, medical school, pharmacy-biochemistry, psychology. Based on Factorial analysis and by using the Varimax Rotation System, 25 patients were distributed in 7 factors, and 5 patients were excluded. From the 20 patients, 5 were reunited in 2 factors and studied in this paper. Factor X reunited the patients 1 (vaginal intercourse with condom) and 2 (anal sex with condom). In factor Y the patients included were: 3 (heterosexual intercourse), 4 (vaginal intercourse without condom) and 5 (anal intercourse without condom). In 80% of the 5 patients, it was observed that the students have knowledge similar to the experts"s evidences But, continuing education is necessary to these people, as human beings and as future health care givers to the HIV infected/AIDS patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Preventive measures against AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases known by students in the health field].

This study was carried out in to identify the preventive measures against Aids and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) that undergraduate health students predominantly know and to identify if there is a significant difference among the measures mentioned, considering the sex of subjects studied. A questionnaire was answered by health undergraduate students randomly selected. The results show that most of the items mentioned as preventive for Aids and other STD are important measures for their prevention. However, when data are analysed considering the frequency, that is the number of students that mentioned correct measures, we can observe that it is less than it was expected, what is very worrying. Another point observed in the results is that, there was no statistical difference, according to the sex of subjects studied. Data analysis evidence that knowledge of most undergraduate students is not enough, reinforcing the need to implement continuous specific educational actions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

[Information and education on sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS and human sexuality--a case report after 14 years of experience].

The authors present their 14-year experience about Information/education on sexually transmitted diseases/Aids and human sexuality. They describe the actions implemented, emphasizing the positive and negative points. Concerning the positive results they mention the divulgation of information about preventive measures against HIV infection/Aids, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and human sexuality to several people from scientific and non scientific community. Another positive point is the transmission of knowledge gotten in such experiences at undergraduation and graduation teaching, as well as the development of research. Concerning the negative aspects, the difficult to evaluate the information actions, specially lectures was perceived, mainly because it is a communication tool basically unilateral. The authors mention some facts that historically influenced the implementation of the official actions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

[Hospital infections in teaching hospitals: analysis of their control].

The purpose of this study is to identify methodologies of vigilance and hospital infection control, to analyse nurse's actuation in the context of hospital infection control and to associate nurse's actuation on the control of hospital infection and the execution of nursing process. It is an analytic-descriptive study developed at 81 Commissions of Hospital Infection Control (CCIH) at School Hospitals from 21 Brazilian states through a questionnaire. The variables studied were: characteristics and functioning of CCIH; criteria to diagnose hospital infection; methods of data collection; types of epidemiological vigilance, prevention and control measures and nurse's participation. The analysis of data was qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that in the collection of data prevailed general vigilance (66.6%) and the association of passive and active methods (48.4%); 67 CCIH mentioned measures of prevention and control, related to urinary tract (54 CCIH) and to respiratory tract (21 CCIH). The antimicrobian control distinguishing the lack of resonance between the CCIH and the units personnel brings to the conclusion that the problems of hospital infection control are, in their essence, of philosophical, educational or administrative character. Authors evidenced the importance of the implementation of methodologies to facilitate the control of hospital infection, indicating that the adoption of nursing process, as an instrument, can result in benefits to CCIH and to patients.

Brazil↗
PubMed1995

[Communicable diseases and isolation: a nursing student's perceptions].

The Communicable Diseases have been associated to stigma and segregation for a long time. This investigation was carried out in order to detect the undergraduation students' perception concerning communicable diseases and isolation, as well as their expectation in working at isolation units. A questionnaire was elaborated and then validated by 3 referees. We attested that some of these students have stereotyped and negative conotations concerning the bearer of such diseases and isolation. Just a few of them mentioned that they would choose this specific unit as the workplace. It is important for us, professors, to know their previous knowledgement about the concepts of communicable diseases and isolation, so that we can reinforce the positive features and work with the negative ones during the courses. It can contribute to prepare these students to give an effective nursing care without fears and stigmas.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1994

[The trash collection service: occupational risks versus damages to health].

The authors studied the kind of work a sample of 36 garbage collectors have been doing in a city of the State of São Paulo. A high frequency of occupational accidents and sick-due to health problem and some occupational risks was observed among them, and also that these worker haven't worn the individual protection equipment received, that probably contributes to such number of stop working.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1994

[Epidemiological expression of other sexually transmitted diseases among AIDS patients].

This study was carried out in order to estimate the frequency of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among AIDS patients and to identify their epidemiological association and possible relations to the groups most exposed to the virus. The data were collected from the medical case histories and the STD were identified on the basis of data provided by anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory examinations. Of the total of HIV/AIDS patients assisted at the hospital studied (S. Paulo State, Brazil), between January 1986 and January 1992, 207 were included as sample subjects for this survey. Of the patients studied, 88 (42.5%) had some other STD and 119 (57.5%) had no other STD, equivalent to a proportion of 0.7 STD patients-STD to each non-STD patient. The most prevalent STD identified were hepatitis B (33.3%), syphilis (30.3%) and gonorrhoea (12.9%). Concerning the means of transmission by which the patients had probably been infected with HIV, blood transmission was the most prevalent (44.9%); followed by sexual contact (21.3%); sexual/blood (17.9%); in 25.9% it was undetermined. In a particular comparison of sexual and blood transmission and the presence of other STD a statistical difference in those cases that were exposed to sexual transmission was observed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

[A scale of attitudes towards AIDS: a psychometric analysis].

The objective of the present methodological study was to construct and validate a scale of attitudes of people concerning AIDS, to aid in the diagnosis of favourable and unfavourable attitudes and evaluation of educational programs related to AIDS. The steps followed to develop the Likert-type scale were: elaboration of items related to knowledge, feelings and reactions about AIDS; apparent validation and verification of content; application of the instrument in a sample of people; evaluation of the ability to discriminate the items; study of the internal reliability of the scale; factor analysis of the scale to establish the fundamental dimensions of the instrument. The final scale contained 25 items. This instrument showed a high coefficient of reliability and validity.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[Information theory as an instrument for research on verbal integration between the AIDS carrier and the nursing team].

The objective of this paper was to verify the use of variables included in the information Theory in study that deals with verbal interaction between AIDS patients and Nursing team. The results showed that the use of the variability calculation in data retained in SAVI matrix improves the statistical data and permit that the quality of the dialogue can be evaluated.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

[Risk of infections by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among health professionals].

To investigate the occupational risk of infection by HIV among health professionals, 36 cases of occupational accidents involving exposure to material potentially infected with HIV, reported at a Brazilian General Hospital (HCFMRP), were studied. Of the injured workers 75% were female and 25% male (ranging from 23 to 49 years old) and just one of them had high-risk behavior of HIV infection. Of these health professionals, 52.8% were nursing auxiliaries, 19.4%, nurses, 13.9%, nursing attendants, 5.5%, laboratory technicians, 2.8% surgery instrumentalist, 2.8% accountants and 2.8% nursing technicians. In 47.2% of cases the workers had a parenteral exposure to blood (needlestick injuries). The right hand and fingers were the body areas most effected. The serologic test to detect HIV antibodies by the ELISA method was required of all the workers. The results were negative and no seroconversion was registered during the one year follow-up period. The professionals were retested one month, 2 months, 6 months and one year after the exposure. In conclusion, the risk of infection by HIV among health professionals of HCFMRP seems to be very low. Continuing education should be provided for health care workers with a view to reinforcing the use of universal precaution, especially those to prevent injuries caused by needles or other sharp instruments.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The role of the nurse, the nurses' aide and the nurses' assistant in caring for the patient in communicable disease isolation].

The instrumental and expressive activities performed by nurses and nurse's aides in the caring given to patients carrier of communicable diseases and that were hospitalized in an isolation unit of a general hospital were surveyed. The authors concluded that nursing team performed more instrumental activities than expressive ones the nursing attendant was one who did the higher number of the first activities, followed by the nursing auxiliary and the nurse.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Sexually transmitted diseases: concepts, attitudes and perceptions among dustmen].

The concepts regarding sexually transmitted diseases (STD) of 41 (63.07%) dustmen of a country town in S. Paulo State, Brazil, are presented in order to provide support for the preparation of health education programmes on STD for this and similar populational groups. The data collected from interviews with these workers show that a considerable number of them have inadequate concepts about STD. These results demonstrate the lack of information and education on this subject, and the need to implement educational activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Educational actions and sexually transmitted diseases].

Some historical aspects concerning the Sexually Transmissible Diseases are presented in this article, as well as the importance of the educational actions for the prevention and control of such diseases and the nurse and other health professional's educative function. The authors also present a sistematical propose of a basic course about Syphilis, Gonorrhoea and AIDS.

Brazil↗
PubMed1990

[Verbal interaction between the nursing team and the AIDS patient].

3,336 verbal behaviors between 3 AIDS patients and a nursing team were analyzed. The pattern and priority areas of verbal behaviors which occur, according to the SAVI system, as well as the amount of information transmitted were determined. The results showed that the verbal behaviors ranged from relative ambiguity in terms of message clarity to clean and non-contradictory messages. The interaction tended to move away from stereotypy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗