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Biomedical subjects

T M Pollock

Publications and source records attributed to T M Pollock.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Post-vaccination symptoms following DTP and DT vaccination.

Post-vaccination symptoms in 6,004 infants given adsorbed Diphtheria Tetanus and Pertussis (DTP) vaccine and 4,024 infants given adsorbed Diphtheria and Tetanus (DT) vaccine have been compared. Although crying, screaming and fever were slightly more frequent after adsorbed DTP than adsorbed DT, attacks of high-pitched screaming, episodes of pallor and hypotonia, convulsions, other neurological disorders and sudden infant death occurred with similar frequency in the two groups. No specific neurological effect attributable to the pertussis component was found.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Symptoms after primary immunisation with DTP and with DT vaccine.

Symptoms after routine primary immunisation of 6004 infants with diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis (DTP) vaccine and 4024 infants with diphtheria/tetanus (DT) vaccine have been compared. After each dose, crying, screaming, and feverishness were more frequent with adsorbed DTP than adsorbed DT, but the difference was small. Attacks of high-pitched screaming, episodes of pallor or cyanosis with limpness, convulsions, and local reactions occurred with similar frequency after both vaccines. There was a considerable increase in local reactions after the 3rd dose with both vaccines. Over 1000 doses of plain DTP (with no aluminium hydroxide adjuvant) were given during the study. Post-vaccination symptoms were more common after the plain than after the 2 adsorbed preparations.

Crying↗
PubMed1984

Severity of whooping cough in England before and after the decline in pertussis immunisation.

Since the decline of pertussis immunisation, hospital admission and death rates from whooping cough have fallen unexpectedly. Although this might be taken to indicate that the disease is becoming less severe, a comparison of admissions and deaths in England and Wales before and after the decline in immunisation suggests that several factors other than disease severity--a shift in the social class distribution of the disease, an increase in the proportion of milder cases notified, and improved care--were responsible for this. The severity of attacks and the complication rates in children admitted to hospital were virtually unchanged. Very young infants, those from disadvantaged families, and children with chronic illness were at greatest risk.

Bordetella pertussis↗
PubMed1983

Vaccine reactions.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1983

A 7-year survey of disorders attributed to vaccination in North West Thames region.

Voluntary reporting of vaccine reactions was intensified in a single large region for 7 years Anaphylaxis and collapse, convulsion, and neurological disorder were reported most frequently after diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis (DTP). The greater frequency of recorded reactions after DTP than after DT could have been due to bias caused by the adverse publicity accorded to pertussis vaccine, since no major difference was found when the immunisation histories of children admitted to hospital with such conditions were compared. No convincing evidence that DTP caused major neurological damage emerged from this large and lengthy study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Surveys of rubella antibodies in young adults and children.

22 000 serum samples from university students and young adult blood donors collected between 1969 and 1980 were tested for antibody to rubella virus. Of the women born in 1956 and after (i.e., those eligible for rubella vaccine at school) the proportions seronegative ranged from 3% to 6% in different years, compared with 12-20% in men of the same age groups. Serum samples from schoolchildren were also tested: 40-50% of girls and boys aged 10-11 years were seronegative--percentages similar to those before the introduction of vaccine. However, only 2-6% of 15-year-old girls (who would have been offered vaccine) were seronegative compared with 20-30% of 15-year-old boys. These results indicate that the rubella vaccination programme in the U.K. is having a significant impact on the immunological status of young women of childbearing age but that a large number of women remain potentially susceptible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Consequences of confirmed maternal rubella at successive stages of pregnancy.

Over a thousand women with confirmed rubella infection at different stages of pregnancy were followed up prospectively. Two-thirds of the women were multiparous. Pregnancy continued in 40%, and the infants were followed up after birth both clinically and serologically. The frequency of congenital infection after maternal rubella with a rash was more than 80% during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, 54% at 13-14 weeks, and 25% at the end of the second trimester. The infection rate then rose again to reach a high figure in the last month. Follow-up was to 2 years of age--the findings in infected children being compared with those in children who had escaped infection. Rubella defects occurred in all infants infected before the 11th week (principally congenital heart disease and deafness) and in 35% of those infected at 13-16 weeks (deafness alone). No defects attributable to rubella were found in 63 children infected after 16 weeks. Continued surveillance of cases of confirmed rubella during pregnancy is recommended as an additional way of monitoring the effect of rubella vaccination.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Human anti-chickenpox immunoglobulin in the prevention of chickenpox.

Human anti-chickenpox immunoglobulin (zoster immune globulin, ZIG) was largely ineffective in preventing infection in forty-three high-risk contacts of chickenpox. Twenty-nine of these non-immune infants and children who had been in close contact with cases of varicella became infected, and symptoms developed in twenty-four. Since ZIG may modify chickenpox it should continue to be given to high-risk contacts until the availability of a simple and sensitive test makes it possible to identify those who are susceptible. However, ZIG is not necesary for infants whose mothers have chickenpox or zoster five or more days before delivery, since all such infants (eleven) had varicella-zoster antibody at birth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of rubella vaccination programme on serological status of young adults in United Kingdom.

Antibody to rubella virus was measured in over 10,000 serum samples collected in 1976, 1977, and 1978 from young adult blood donors and university students. The incidence of seronegatives was lower (4--7%) among females born in 1956 and subsequently--i.e., among the age groups offered rubella vaccine at school--than among females born before 1654 (11--20%). The incidence of seronegatives among males in the 1977 and 1978 surveys had the opposite trend, with a higher proportion of seronegatives in younger males, born in 1956 and subsequently, than in older males. The findings provide evidence that the rubella vaccination programme in the U.K. is having a significant impact on the immunological status of young females of childbearing age. Nevertheless too high a proportion of young females remains potentially susceptible to rubella.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Paralytic poliomyelitis in England and Wales 1976-7.

In 1976-7 26 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis were notified, of which 6 were vaccine-associated. 16 of the 20 non-vaccine-associated cases were due to type-u poliovirus, the type usually associated with outbreaks. The most important factor in the increase was the occurrence of poliomyelitis in unvaccinated persons.

Adult↗