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T M Wallasch

Publications and source records attributed to T M Wallasch.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity: findings in headache.

Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity was proposed by Schoenen and co-workers in 1987 as a tool in headache diagnosis and research. Their finding of a decreased or abolished second silent period (ES2) in chronic tension-type headache sufferers has been confirmed by several independent laboratories during the last five years. Temporalis silent periods have also been studied in various other types of headaches. Their modulation by neuropsychological factors and pharmacological agents has also been investigated as well as their retest reliability. The pathophysiological concept of muscle contraction in tension-type headache has been challenged by studies using temporalis silent periods. The exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity points unequivocally towards a central pathogenetic mechanism, although it remains unclear whether the abnormalities of temporalis ES2 represent the primary dysfunction or a secondary phenomenon in chronic tension-type headache.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity: perspectives in headache and pain research.

The paper describes possible future applications of the exteroceptive suppression (ES) of temporalis muscle activity in headache and pain research. ES is examined as a method for investigating the pathophysiology of pain mechanisms, for assisting clinical diagnosis, and for evaluating therapeutic effects. ES is one of the newest methods in headache research which permits an objective analysis of head pain as well as pain mechanisms and accordingly has an important future in headache research.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1993

Exteroceptive silent periods of temporalis muscle activity: correlation with neuropsychological findings.

The latency and duration of the early (ES 1) and late (ES 2) exteroceptive silent period of temporalis muscle activity were determined in 51 neurological patients. We investigated whether these electrophysiological parameters correlated with neuropsychological variables of the patients using standardized scores for personality index, state of well-being and physical symptoms. There were no correlations between personality traits and the electrophysiological parameters, while we found significant correlations between the duration of ES 2 and momentary psychological and physical well-being variables. Moreover, the score of the momentary well-being item 'general feeling of well-being' was demonstrated to moderate significantly the ES 2 duration (P = 0.018). Therefore, neuropsychological factors prove to be of great relevance to the exteroceptive silent periods of temporalis muscle activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonic features in episodic tension-type headache.

In a pilot study we used transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) to measure cerebral blood flow velocities in 21 headache-free episodic tension-type headache sufferers and in the same number of age- and sex-matched control subjects. We found increased blood flow velocities in the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries and a decreased pulsality index in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries in tension-type headache sufferers compared to controls. Vascular bruits were significantly more frequent in the basal cerebral arteries of the patients compared to controls. There were no significant asymmetries of blood flow velocities in corresponding arteries. The findings suggest a multifactorial pathogenesis in episodic tension-type headache including vascular abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Drug-induced headache].

Migraine or tension-type headache lasting for several years is frequently complicated by chronic daily headaches. Those patients recurrently take analgesics or ergotamines. Headache induced by chronic ergotamine use is well known. Recent studies, however, have shown that a similar form of headache is caused by analgesic abuse. Treatment of drug-induced headaches envisages withdrawal of the headache medication.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1992

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonic features in chronic tension-type headache.

We studied vascular features in patients suffering from chronic headache of the tension-type by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Blood flow velocities of the basal cerebral arteries and the submandibular extracranial part of the internal carotid artery were compared between 20 chronic tension-type headache sufferers and the same number of age- and sex-matched control subjects. There were no significant differences of ultrasonic features between the groups. Changes in blood flow velocities do not seem to be involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of chronic tension-type headache.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1991

EMG analysis of the late exteroceptive suppression period of temporal muscle activity in episodic and chronic tension-type headaches.

EMG analysis of the late exteroceptive suppression period of the temporal muscle activity is discussed as comparative methodology in the assessment of patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache and from migraineurs. After electrical perioral trigeminal nerve stimulation during maximum voluntary jaw occlusion, early (ES1) and late (ES2) exteroceptive suppression periods can be registered above the temples using surface EMG recordings. In patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache the duration of the late suppression period is shortened (p less than 0.001) compared to migraineurs or controls. However, patients suffering from episodic tension-type headache display late suppression periods of temporal muscle activity of differing lengths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[EMG analysis of exteroceptive suppression of temporal muscle activity in tension headache].

In modification of a method published by Schoenen et al., early (ES 1) and late (ES 2) exteroceptive suppression periods elicited by perioral electrical trigeminus-stimulation during teeth-clenching were recorded with surface electrodes over the temporalis muscles. 29 patients with chronic tension headache, 20 with migraine, 7 patients with combined tension headache and migraine and 19 controls were examined. Duration of the late suppression period for the mean of three single shocks was highly significantly reduced in chronic tension headache sufferers and patients with combined tension headache and migraine when compared with migraine cases or controls. These results are in agreement with those of Schoenen et al. EMG analysis of temporalis late exteroceptive suppression is a helpful diagnostic method in primary headache. The reduction of ES 2 in chronic tension headache sufferers might suggest a deficient activation or excessive inhibition of the motoric trigeminus nucleus by pontobulbar inhibitory neurons which receive a strong input from limbic and nociceptive structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The value of transcranial Doppler sonography in neurosurgery].

Transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD) is suitable in the diagnosis of vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage. The value of TCD in intracranial malformations and other neurosurgical disorders will be discussed. TCD is a screening-method in the diagnosis of brain death.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1986

Determination of beta-endorphin and substance P in small volumes of human cerebrospinal fluid.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography procedure combined with radioimmunoassay (rp-HPLC-RIA) is presented. It makes possible the quantitative determination of the neuropeptides, beta h-endorphin and substance P, in small volumes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The concentration-dependence of the recovery of the method is demonstrated and the effect of free silanol groups of the stationary phase on the recovery is discussed. CSF was shown to contain 9.6 +/- 1.1 fmol beta h-endorphin and 12.0 +/- 0.9 fmol substance P per ml.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The "temporalis-inhibitory reflex" in post-lumbar puncture headache.

Nausea and rigidity of the neck muscles, typical symptoms of post-lumbar puncture syndrome (PPS), may also be found in patients suffering from chronic headache of the tension-type. A decreased duration of the late suppression period of temporal muscle activity indicating a central disturbance of pericranial muscle control, can be observed in these patients. We have studied the temporalis-inhibitory reflex in 47 neurological inpatients requiring lumbar puncture. There were no significant differences of latencies or durations of temporalis silent periods between patients with and without PPS before, and 48 h following, lumbar puncture.

Adolescent↗