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Biomedical subjects

T Müller

Publications and source records attributed to T Müller.

553 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyaluronan and CD44 in maternal serum in pre-eclampsia].

BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia is associated with serum factors which can activate blood vessel endothelial cells. Hyaluronan (HYA) and its specific receptor CD44 play a central role in cell activation processes. Our study focussed on the behavior of serum concentrations of HYA and the soluble standard form of CD44 (sCD44std) in the maternal serum from normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum was collected from normotensive pregnant women (n = 10) and from pregnant women with a severe pre-eclampsia (n = 10). HYA-serum concentrations were measured with a radioimmunoassay while sCD44std were measured with an ELISA. RESULTS: The pre-eclampsia group shows a significant (p < 0.001, Mann and Whitney u-test) increased HYA serum concentration (median 79 ng/ml, range 53-165 ng/ml) when compared to the normotensive group (n = 10, median 32 ng/ml, range 19-59 ng/ml). sCD44std-serumconcentration in the pre-eclampsia group (328.3 +/- 68.3 ng/ml) was weakly higher but not statistically significant (p > 0.05) when compared to the normotensive group (292.9 +/- 74.0 ng/ml). There exist no correlations between the HYA and sCD44std serum concentrations in both pre-eclamptic and normotensive groups. CONCLUSION: The increased HYA-serumconcentration may indicate a pathophysiological role of the HYA/CD44-signal transduction system in pre-eclampsia. The existing overlap of HYA serum levels in the pre-eclampsia group with HYA serum levels in the normotensive control group limits the diagnostic precision of HYA serum concentration as a diagnostic parameter in pre-eclampsia. According CD44 it is not excluded that serum concentration of other soluble CD44-isoforms is increased in pre-eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Light microscopic analysis of cellular networks in the pineal gland of the golden hamster as revealed by methylene blue labeling.

Pineal glands of golden hamsters were stained transcardially with methylene blue and studied in paraffin sections by light microscopy. In the superficial portion of the pineal complexes, a selective labeling of a subpopulation of polymorphic cells with processes of different length was achieved. It could not be clarified, whether these cells form a syncytium or are only in contact with each other. Although functional interpretations of the morphological results have to be drawn with great care, the investigation might be of special interest for a better understanding of the well-known inhibiting effects of the dye to soluble guanylyl cyclase and nitric oxide synthase within this neuroendocrine gland.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heat-shock protein 70 as a prognostic marker in node-negative breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Heat-shock proteins (hsp) are involved in processes which are associated with tumour neogenesis and the biological behaviour of tumours. The object of our study was to investigate the significance of the 70 kDa hsp for the outcome of women with node-negative breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Paraffin sections of 191 patients with operated breast cancer and a median follow-up of 177 months were stained immunohistochemically with a commercially available antibody against hsp70. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant correlation of the nuclear staining pattern with tumour size (> or < or = 2 cm; p = 0.046) and with a low tumour grading (G1 and G2 versus G3; p = 0.029). Patients showing a cytoplasmatic staining for hsp70 had a statistically significantly decreased overall survival [OS] (p = 0.04) and a shorter survival after recurrence [SR] (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: The nuclear share of hsp70 is associated with various biological characteristics of malignant breast tumours, while the occurrence of cytoplasmatic hsp70 influences OS and SR.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of different bleaching systems on fracture toughness and hardness of enamel.

This study evaluated the influence of different bleaching procedures on the fracture toughness and microhardness of enamel. The labial aspects of 72 bovine incisors were prepared for microhardness determination. At baseline, Knoop hardness (KH) determination was conducted on each specimen. Moreover, the fracture toughness (FT) of enamel was assessed using Vickers hardness indentations with a load of 9.8 N. The length of both indentations and enamel cracks were recorded and used for calculation of FT. The samples were divided among six (A-F) groups (n = 12) and sectioned, resulting in a control and an experimental half. The samples were stored in artificial saliva for 10 days. The experimental halves were removed from the saliva and subjected to bleaching according to manufacturers' instructions (A: Opalescence Xtra, B: Opalescence Quick, C: Rapid White, D: Whitestrips, E: Opalescence 10%, F: Opalescence PF 15%). Bleaching with C-F was conducted daily (C: twice per day for 10 minutes, D: twice per day for 30 minutes, E: 8 hours, F: 4 hours), systems A-B were applied on the first and fifth day (A: twice for 10 minutes, B: 1 hour). Finally, Knoop hardness and FT were assessed and statistically compared to baseline values using Wilcoxon-tests (p < 0.05). KH and FT of the controls remained stable during storage in saliva. All bleaching regimens resulted in a statistically significant percentage loss of KH (mean + standard error of means): A: 17.3 +/- 2.8%, B: 8.6 +/- 3.3%; C: 83.5 +/- 0.61%, D: 29.0 +/- 1.9%, E: 9.0 +/- 2.91%, F: 5.4 +/- 2.2%. The percentage changes (mean + standard error of means) of FT in the experimental specimens were as follows: A: 3.9 +/- 9.5%, B: 0.1 +/- 4.7%; D: -8.2 +/- 7.1%, E: -18.9 +/- 4.7%, F: -12.0 +/- 4.7%. Due to severe surface softening, FT could not be determined for the samples in Group C. Applying Opalescence 10% resulted in a significant reduction in FT compared to baseline. In the remaining groups, changes in FT were not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Practical and education-oriented aspects of surgical health care in advanced age].

Besides the advances of physiology, pathophysiology, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacology, operative technique affect above all a well balanced nursing in the unit of care, mobilization and prophylaxis positive on the prognosis after surgical operations in the higher age. The demographic development clearly demonstrate the increasing of geriatric surgery in the following years. These pieces of work represent relevant aspects of the surgical care by elderly people; the medical practice and education must take into consideration in these aspects.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology, accident anamnesis, symptoms and clinical examination of craniocerebral trauma in elderly patients over 70 years of age].

The increase of older and oldest people explain the growing accident-frequency in household and traffic. From this it follows the priority of craniocerebral trauma. Pathological and normal aging beyond the seventy years show anomalies in symptomatology and clinical course as against young people. This research paper represent important aspects of epidemiology, anamnesis, clinic and examination-algorithm after craniocerebral trauma by senile patients.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intervention measures in geriatrics from the viewpoint of a geriatric clinic with special reference to pharmacotherapy].

The objective of intervention is to produce an improved state of physical, psychological, and sociological well-being. To reach this state a complex therapeutic program is required that offers the best of pharmacotherapy, nutrition, occupational and activity therapies, and the advice of specialists during the course of therapy. Consultations with the patients' family-doctors are also important. The practice of geriatrics will be improved when we include its special considerations in our school curriculum .

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flow cytometry of epidermoid lung carcinomas: relationship of ploidy and cell cycle phases to survival. A five-year follow up study.

Surgical specimens of tumors of 105 patients with previously untreated epidermoid lung carcinomas were investigated by means of flow cytometry and the results compared with the survival of the patients. The aim of the present prospective study was to establish further the efficacy of cytometric analysis, independent of well known clinical factors. For determining prognosis, all patients had a minimum of 5 years follow-up. The present study clearly shows that, independent of clinical characteristics, cytometric DNA content analysis has prognostic importance in patients with epidermoid lung carcinomas. Patients with aneuploid tumors died significantly sooner than those who had tumors with DNA diploidy. Patients whose tumors had a high proliferative activity (proportion of Go/G1-phase-cells less than or equal to 78%, S-phase-cells greater than 8%, G2M-phase-cells greater than 14%) died significantly earlier than patients with tumors with lower proliferation activity. Comparisons within homogeneous groups of patients with respect to the clinical characteristics (T3, NM+, stage III, surgery, treatment) showed identical results. In addition to the univariate analyses, multivariate analyses (Cox-regression model) were used. The results of this study demonstrate two groups of independent prognostic factors for the survival of patients with epidermoid carcinomas: clinical factors and flow cytometric factors.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
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[Induced labor with prostaglandins: 0.5 mg PGE2 intracervical gel versus 3 mg PGE2 vaginal tablet].

For the induction of labour prostaglandin (PG) E2 has been recommended either as intracervical gel (0.5 mg) or as vaginal tablet (3 mg) depending on the Bishop score of the cervix. A prospective trial was conducted in 79, mainly postterm, pregnancies (59 with a Bishop score < 5), in whom either PG-E2 tablet or gel was given randomly without respect to the cervical score. In addition, 51 inductions in primiparous women (44 with a Bishop score < 5) were analysed retrospectively. In pregnancies with a Bishop score < 5 the rate of successful inductions, duration of labour or incidence of neonatal acidosis was not different in both groups. Similar results were obtained in the prospective trial for inductions with a cervical score > 4. These data suggest the lack of superiority of the intracervical over the vaginal route of PG-E2 administration for the induction of labour.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimation of total creatinine clearance is unreliable in children on peritoneal dialysis.

OBJECTIVE: To test the reliability of creatinine clearance in children on peritoneal dialysis (PD). DESIGN: Longitudinal, case-controlled. SETTING: Routine clinic visits at the pediatric dialysis unit of the Universitätskinderklinik of Vienna. PATIENTS: Eleven children (2-13 years, 10-55 kg) with end-stage renal disease on PD. INTERVENTIONS: Creatinine clearance (CCr) was determined by measuring creatinine excretion (ECr) over 24 hours in both dialysate and urine. Each child had three to five separate measurements of their CCr. At the same time we also calculated the Schwartz formula clearance from the patient's height and serum creatinine, using a modified correlate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reliability of CCr was assessed by two approaches. First, we compared each serial measurement with the mean value for each patient and thereby assessed the "intramethodical" variability. Second, we compared each CCr with the simultaneous formula clearance and assessed the "intermethodical" disagreement. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the measurements of CCr were classified as unreliable based on a comparison with the mean value for each patient. Reliability was closely correlated with residual renal function (p < 0.01); only 12% of the measurements in the anuric patients were classified as unreliable (vs 31% in the patients with residual renal function). The simultaneous formula clearance was less variable than the CCr. The formula clearance had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 60% for detecting unreliable values of CCr. CONCLUSION: Estimation of total CCr is unreliable in pediatric patients on PD. A simultaneous formula clearance can be used to detect which values are unreliable.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Light and electron microscopic demonstration of methylene blue accumulation sites in the murine cornu Ammonis after supravital staining.

The distribution pattern of methylene blue in the murine hippocampus after supravital dye application was studied light and electron microscopically. The characteristic, selective staining of nerve cell subpopulations occurred only in the presence of oxygen. Solitary or grouped polymorph neurons, i.e. non-pyramidal nerve cells, mainly located in the stratum pyramidale and stratum oriens of the cornu Ammonis were intensely stained. Ultrastructurally, the dye could easily be identified as an electron dense precipitate. MB had accumulated within the cytoplasm with no apparent association with cell organelles and was additionally also found within the nucleus. Precipitate was also detected within profiles of nerve cell processes. MB seemed to accumulate at the plasma membrane in the early phase of staining. The ultrastructure of the stained cells was significantly damaged by the intracellularly bound dye. This oxygen-dependent selective staining is probably followed by the generation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress for the neurons; this phenomenon suggests a strong affinity of a subpopulation of non-pyramidal cells in the cornu Ammonis to oxygen and therefore a high vulnerability to hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenously administered acetylsalicylic acid in combination with low-dose heparin in acute ischemic stroke: a safety analysis.

Although therapy with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA) is well established in secondary prevention of stroke, efficacy and side effects of this substance in acute stroke treatment are undetermined. ASA may be useful in acute cerebral ischemia because of its potential to prevent thrombus propagation and neuronal damage. A total of 268 patients with an acute cerebral ischemia, who were admitted to our stroke unit within 24 hours after stroke, were treated with intravenously administered ASA (0.5 g/day) in combination with low-dose heparin. The functional status of the patients was assessed after 1 month using the modified Rankin Scale. Eighteen (6.7%) patients died during the observation period. The functional status according to Rankin Scale was classified as stage 0 in 76 (28.3%), 1 in 59 (22.0%), 2 in 39 (14.6%), 3 in 32 (12.3%), 4 in 36 (13.4%), and 5 in 7 (2.6%) patients. A symptomatic secondary intracerebral hemorrhage was seen in one patient. Gastrointestinal symptoms were observed in 13 (4.8%) patients, including five instances of gastrointestinal bleeding. Further complications were allergic reactions to aspirin (one) and hematuria (one). Recurrent cerebral ischemia occurred in nine (3.3%) patients (five with transient ischemic attack or minor stroke) during the observation period. We conclude that treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenously applied aspirin in combination with low-dose heparin is safe. Efficacy of this therapy should be elucidated in a controlled trial.

Acute Disease↗