Biomedical subjects

T Mantzavinos

Publications and source records attributed to T Mantzavinos.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

Ultrasound measurement of ovarian follicles stimulated by human gonadotropins for oocyte recovery and in vitro fertilization.

Ultrasonic monitoring of ovarian follicles and estimation of serum estradiol (E2) were performed in 51 patients in whom oocyte aspiration for in vitro fertilization was planned. All patients received human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. The daily growth rates of ovarian follicles were recorded ultrasonically for 6 days prior to aspiration. Serum plasma E2 was determined daily during the same period. Follicular dimensions based on the volume of aspirated fluid correlated very well with the ultrasonic measurements. Follicular growth was correlated with increasing peripheral blood E2 levels. The mean follicular diameter increased from 10.8 mm 6 days before aspiration to a maximum of 16.0 mm on the day of presumptive ovulation in a group of patients characterized as low E2 responders. In normal and high E2 responders, the values were from 9.7 mm and 10.5 mm to 16.9 mm and 17.6 mm, respectively. The mean sizes of the follicles by ultrasound 20 hours before laparoscopy were 16.0 mm for the right ovary, 16.6 mm for the left ovary, and 18.5 mm in patients with only one ovary. At laparoscopy the mean diameters calculated from the volume of the aspirated fluids were 17.5 mm, 17.4 mm, and 19.3 mm, respectively. Multiple follicles developed in all but 2 of the 51 patients.

Estradiol↗

PubMed1983

What is a pregnancy? A question for programs of in vitro fertilization.

Pregnancy outcome in studies of normal reproduction and in programs of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is usually classified as "chemical beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) abortion," "trimester abortion," and "term delivery." The distinction between a chemical beta-hCG abortion and a first-trimester abortion is not clearly stated in the literature, although such terms are commonly used. It is proposed that in programs of IVF pregnancy outcome be classified as "menstrual abortion," "preclinical abortion," "clinical abortion," or "viable pregnancy." Pregnancy outcome of 190 consecutive cycles induced by human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin in the program of IVF at Norfolk is compared with contemporary studies of pregnancy outcome in normal reproduction. The in vitro data indicate that the Norfolk program has recorded no menstrual abortions, a 33% preclinical and clinical abortion rate, and a viable pregnancy rate that approaches but does not equal the term delivery rate of normal reproduction. However, these results have been achieved by the transfer of multiple concepti, whereas normal reproduction depends on the fertilization of a single oocyte.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1980

Pregnancies in primary amenorrhea with normally developed secondary sex characteristics.

We report herein 11 pregnancies in patients with primary amenorrhea and normally developed secondary sex characteristics. All patients were fully investigated, and their ovaries as visualized by laparotomy or laparoscopy were found to be small. Ovarian biopsy revealed numerous unstimulated primordial follicles. The hormonal profiles showed hypoestrogenism with atrophic endometrium. Human gonadotropins were used in large amounts in order to achieve pregnancy. Two patients responded in all treatment cycles with menses. The remainder failed to respond to all treatment cycles. All patients became pregnant and carried their pregnancies normally to term. There were four sets of twins and seven single births. Of fifteen newborns, one died of congenital heart disease.

Amenorrhea↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Micro- and macro-consequences of ooplasmic injections of early haploid male gametes.

This review refers to the evolution of ooplasmic injections of round spermatid nuclei (ROSNI) or intact round spermatids (ROSI). Conclusions from their preliminary application in the hamster, rabbit, mouse and human are discussed. Criteria for identification of round spermatids and guidelines/quality control for application of ROSNI/ROSI techniques are emphasized. Although all the animal offspring and the human newborns delivered after ROSNI/ROSI are healthy, additional research efforts are necessary to confirm the safety of these procedures and improve their outcome.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Artificial insemination with fresh donor semen.

One hundred and thirty-four patients received artificial insemination with fresh donor semen (AID). Using the life-table method of analysis, 72 pregnancies occurred, yielding a crude conception rate of 53.7%. The 134 women received an average of three inseminations per cycle for a total of 1,282 inseminations near the day of ovulation. The majority of pregnancies occurred by the seventh cycle. Forty-two pregnancies were achieved using a single donor; 30 pregnancies required changing the donor once, twice, or more. Among 42 patients who subsequently were treated with clomiphene citrate, 16 conceived. Two of these patients became pregnant after receiving hMG and hCG additionally. The life-table analysis of cumulative pregnancy rates following infertility therapy provides a relatively simple, powerful, and reliable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy and its benefits. Patients should be advised that their chances of conception with AID approach that of normal fertile couples, provided that these patients persist in their treatment.

Adult↗