Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Matsuki.
Allele frequencies of the Y chromosome-specific short tandem repeat system DYS19 (Y-27H39) were determined from blood samples obtained from 251 unrelated Japanese in Fukui and Gunma Prefectures. Five alleles that contained 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 repeats of GATA were detected. Allele frequency distributions in Japanese populations were different from those in other Asian and Caucasian populations.
Soluble Fas (sFas) is produced as translation products of alternative mRNA splicing, and antagonizes the membranous Fas molecule in Fas/Fas ligand interactions. We investigated the serum sFas levels in 64 Japanese silicosis patients with no clinical symptoms of autoimmune diseases or malignant tumours, using ELISA for sFas. The serum sFas levels in the silicosis patients were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers. Elevated serum sFas levels were also detected in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus but, unexpectedly, no difference was observed in sFas levels between progressive systemic sclerosis patients and healthy volunteers. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the expression of Fas on peripheral blood lymphocytes between the patients with silicosis and age-matched healthy volunteers. These observations provided the first evidence that serum sFas levels are elevated in silicosis patients without clinical symptoms of autoimmune diseases or malignant tumours. It remains to be clarified whether patients with elevated sFas levels have a tendency to develop autoimmune diseases later, or whether some other distinct factor(s) is necessary to initiate the progression of autoimmune diseases.
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A Japanese population was tested for the 7 DNA markers D1S80, HLA-DQ alpha, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), glycophorin A (GYPA), hemoglobin G gammaglobin (HBGG), D7S8 and group specific component (GC). Each of these 7 markers was found to be useful for paternity testing and individual identification in a Japanese population.
In patients more than 65-year-old with diabetes mellitus, positive late potentials on signal-averaged electrocardiograms were more common than in normal subjects (p < 0.05). This suggests that aged patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk for micromyocardial impairment. Myocardial scintigraphy with 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine showed abnormally low uptake, in parallel with the data on SA-ECG. Thus, both methods may be clinically useful ways to noninvasively reveal micromyocardial impairment in aged patients with diabetes mellitus. Moreover, trimetazidine hydrochloride may be effective as therapy for micromyocardial impairment: the uptake of 123I-metaiodobenzyl guanidine had increased in some patients when measured 1 year after administration of trimetazidine hydrochloride (18 mg/day) and the late potential changed from positive to negative.
A total of 833 fungi harvested from 1977 to 1994 were tested and 422 extracts (47.8%) produced hemagglutination of human red cells. The lectins in fungus extracts which showed blood-group-specific or related reactions were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column. Anti-H-like agglutinins were found in extracts of Pleurocybella porrigens, Naematoloma sublateritium and Pholiota squarrosa. These extracts agglutinated strongly with human group O red cells and rather weakly with A and B cells. Anti-A agglutinins were found in extracts of Hohenbuehelia serotina, Paxillus panuoides, Melanoleuca melaleuca and Hygrophorus capreolarius. The extract of Clavulinopsis fusiformis contained anti-B agglutinin. The ABH reactivities of the extracts were cofirmed by an agglutination inhibition test with ABH secretor saliva and blood group substances from human gastric linings and by the destruction of inhibiting activity using blood-group-specific decomposing enzymes. L-Fucose was the most active inhibiting monosacharide of anti-H-like agglutinins. The reaction of anti-A agglutinins was strongly inhibited by N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. D-Galactose and raffinose and melibiose which contain alpha-galactosyl residues were potent inhibitors of C. fusiformis agglutinin.
We have constructed a fast and easy method for the detection of O-gene in the ABO blood group system. Our method included allele specific amplification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent analysis with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. O-gene product was observed on the gel in 25 DNA samples from group O phenotype and 20 DNA samples from group A or B (genotype AO or BO) persons. No product was found in 10 DNA samples from group AB phenotype.
The quality of images obtained by a new method of intraoral computed radiography using three types of imaging plates and a drum scanner designed exclusively for use with an imaging plate was investigated. The aperture size for reading of radiographic data from the imaging plate and for film recording was 50, 100, or 150 microns 2. The results indicated that high resolution type imaging plate for mammography produced the best image quality. For each imaging plate, it was also found that the image quality improved as the aperture size was decreased. However, the high resolution type IP even at the aperture size of 100 microns 2 showed diagnostic accuracy as high as the image processing of conventional periapical radiographs. This finding suggests that this new imaging system using an imaging plate at the reading and recording aperture size 100 microns 2 has promise for use in intraoral radiography.
Arterioles of hamster cheek pouches are less reactive to luminal application of small hydrophilic agents than to adventitial application. To explore possible longitudinal variations in response sidedness, we compared reactivity of isolated vessels from carotid arteries to first-order arterioles. Concentration-response curves for luminally or adventitially applied phenylephrine (PE) were constructed. Arterioles were 274-fold less responsive when PE was in luminal vs. adventitial responsiveness decreased as vessel diameters increased, from 24-fold in inferior saccular arteries to 18-fold in external maxillary arteries and, finally, to 3-fold in common carotid arteries. Differences in response to luminal or adventitial application of PE could be eliminated in arterioles by perfusion with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS), which disrupts membrane integrity. Treatment with CHAPS also increased the transmural movement of sodium fluorescein across arteriolar vessel walls. We conclude that a diffusion barrier exists in arterial walls, that there is a longitudinal variation in this barrier as expressed by the differences in movement of small hydrophilic molecules from lumen to smooth muscle cell layers, and that the site of the barrier is likely to be at the endothelial cell membrane.
We investigated the effects of alterations in intimal permeability on microvascular reactivity to small hydrophilic agents in isolated, cannulated, perfused arterioles (65 +/- 6 microns ID) from hamster cheek pouches. Arterioles are 300-fold less responsive to the hydrophilic alpha 1-agonist, phenylephrine, applied to the lumen than when applied to the adventitia. Luminal treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 0.625 micrograms/ml, 1-2 h) potentiated reactivity to luminally applied phenylephrine, but the treatment did not change reactivity to adventitially applied phenylephrine. Similar results were obtained with a brief treatment with the detergent, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1- propanesulfonate (CHAPS; 0.3%, < 30 s). To confirm that a change in permeability had occurred, we measured the movement across the arteriolar wall of a low-molecular-weight hydrophilic fluorescent molecule, fluorescein, before and after luminal treatment with TNF-alpha or CHAPS. Either TNF-alpha or CHAPS significantly increased the rate of movement of fluorescein across the arteriolar wall. These data suggest that one element in the pathophysiology of TNF-alpha is an increase in arteriolar permeability to small, water-soluble agents, which may modify reactivity to circulating vasoactive substances.
We report a rare case of thoracic epidural angiolipoma in a 38-year-old female with clinical, radiological, and histological findings including magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging can provide preoperative diagnosis of spinal angiolipoma, and complete removal can achieve a successful outcome. The possible embryogenetic origin is, however, not proved.
A new procedure for non-radioactive labeling of the 3'-terminal -OH was developed to facilitate the sequencing works on low-molecular-weight RNAs. At first, biotinylated pCp (cytidine 3',5'-bisphosphate) was synthesized and ligated to the 3'-terminal of yeast tRNA(Phe) with the aid of RNA ligase. Although the labeling efficiency was high enough, this labeling resulted in a lack of the sequence ladders around the 3'-terminal 10 nucleotides. A longer oligonucleotide, p(dC)(dT)16-Biotin was designed to overcome this defect and proved to be a better non-radioactive 3'-labeling probe.
Alternate expressions of the blood group A and H antigens on red cells are described in a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia. The patient's red cells showed mixed field agglutination with anti-A and anti-H sera and lectins, and no agglutination with anti-B serum. The agglutinability of the A red cells with Dolichos biflorus lectin was between A1 and A2 (A intermediate). Inagglutinable red cells were separated with anti-A agglutinin, and the proportion was about 80% of total cells. The agglutinating activity with Ulex europaeus anti-H of red cells, which were inagglutinable with anti-A, was 16 times weaker than that of group O cells. The weaker reaction with Ricinus communis lectin and the stronger reaction with Psathyrella velutina lectin on the inagglutinable cells with anti-A than those on the group O cells suggest that fucosyl alpha (1-2) and galactosyl beta (1-4) residues at the nonreducing end of carbohydrate chains of H antigens on the red cells were diminished, and N-acetylglucosaminyl beta (1-3) residues were sequentially exposed. His saliva contained A and H substances in normal amounts of a secretor. Serum alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity which converts O red cells to A red cells was the same as those in sera from A1 individuals. These results suggest that the synthesis of H precursors is partially blocked in this patient's red cells.
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A simple, inexpensive method of portable digital subtraction angiography (DSA) using an image processor (Sigma X), still-videorecorder and control panel combined with a surgical x-ray television unit can provide real time subtraction images on the monitor. This portable DSA unit was used in 161 cases (130 in the operating room and 31 in the intensive care unit). In the operating room it is useful: 1) to confirm patency of the parent artery and its branches after aneurysm clipping, 2) to identify feeding arteries of arteriovenous malformation and to confirm total extirpation, 3) to confirm the patency of extracranial-intracranial bypass, 4) to confirm patency of the internal carotid artery and absence of flap formation after carotid endarterectomy. In the intensive care unit, it is particularly useful for visualizing cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and recanalization of an occluded major intracranial artery. Absence of intracranial circulation can be demonstrated in patients with suspected brain death.
Ring strips of monkey pulmonary veins precontracted with a high concentration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) relaxed in a concentration-dependent manner in response to histamine. Treatment with mepyramine and/or famotidine attenuated the relaxation. 2-Pyridylethylamine (2PEA) and dimaprit caused relaxations in the precontracted preparations, which were inhibited by pretreatment with mepyramine and famotidine, respectively. Removal of endothelium reversed the histamine- and 2PEA-induced relaxations to dose-related contractions. On the other hand, the removal had no effect on the dimaprit-induced relaxations, which were significantly reduced by pretreatment with famotidine. Histamine-induced relaxations in the precontracted strips with endothelium in the presence and absence of famotidine were suppressed or abolished by treatment with methylene blue or hemoglobin but were unaffected by aspirin. It may be concluded that histamine-induced relaxation in monkey pulmonary veins precontracted with PGF2 alpha is mediated by H2-receptors in smooth muscle and H1-receptors in endothelium. Also, stimulation of the endothelial H1-receptors liberates an endothelium-derived relaxing factor.
To determine whether venting the left ventricle during coronary reperfusion limits myocardial infarct size, we studied paced (200 beats/min) Langendorff rabbit hearts, perfused with blood from a support rabbit. A left coronary artery was occluded for 60 minutes, followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Four experimental conditions, as follows, were used: In group 1 (control), the hearts contracted isovolumetrically on a fluid-filled balloon in the left ventricle during both occlusion and reperfusion. In group 2, the balloon was present only during occlusion, and the heart was vented during reperfusion. Hearts in group 3 were vented during occlusion and developed pressure during reperfusion. In group 4, the left ventricle was vented during occlusion and reperfusion. Perfusion pressure (91.2 +/- 0.9 mm Hg) and coronary flow (0.88 +/- 0.03 ml/min/g) were not different between groups. Left ventricular pressures (mean of all groups) were 87.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg systolic and 6.5 +/- 0.6 mm Hg diastolic. Infarcted myocardium was assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium staining and expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, as measured by fluorescent particles. Venting during both ischemia and reperfusion (n = 10) did result in significantly smaller infarcts than in the unvented controls (n = 10), that is, 13 +/- 5% vs. 41 +/- 6%, respectively. Venting only during reperfusion (n = 10) or occlusion (n = 11) did not significantly limit infarct size (57 +/- 6% and 32 +/- 5%, respectively), as compared with controls. Thus, the clinically feasible intervention of left ventricular venting during reperfusion was not cardioprotective.