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Biomedical subjects

T Menne

Publications and source records attributed to T Menne.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Treatment of hand eczema.

Hand eczema is a common skin disease that tends to become chronic and may interfere with many types of work. Emollients have been shown to be useful in reducing eczema activity and in the primary prevention of hand eczema. Protection of the hands is very important for the prevention of hand eczema and is a fundamental aspect of the treatment of hand eczema. Although topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, few studies of their rational use, efficacy and side-effects have been conducted. A combination of tacrolimus and topical corticosteroids may reduce the risk of steroid-associated side-effects. Systemic treatment with immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine and methotrexate show promising results, and acitretin may suppress keratotic hand eczema. Botulinum toxin has been used with success in the treatment of dyshidrotic hand eczema. PUVA is effective as a systemic treatment. Bath-PUVA treatment, UVB and Grenz rays can also suppress hand eczema.

Eczema↗
PubMed1997

CNS midline development in Drosophila.

The first cells specified during CNS development of vertebrates and invertebrates are the cells located at the midline of the neuroepithelium. In Drosophila the development of these cells requires inductive signals from the mesoderm. Later in CNS development, the midline cells are in turn influencing the flanking neuroectoderm, contributing to the establishment of dorsoventral positional information. During axonal pattern formation the midline cells are required in guiding commissural growth cones towards and across the midline. The midline consists of only few, easily identifiable neuronal and glial cells per segment. The development of midline glial cells is relatively well understood. Their differentiation appears to be controlled by the concomitant expression of two different sets of transcription factors. Activation of glial differentiation mediated by the ETS transcription factor encoded by pointed (whose activity depends on EGF-receptor signalling) occurs in concert with repression of neuronal differentiation mediated by the Zn-finger transcription factor encoded by tramtrack.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Development and function of embryonic central nervous system glial cells in Drosophila.

Each abdominal neuromere of a Drosophila embryo contains about 60 glial cells [Klämbt C, Goodman CS (1991): Glia 4:205-213; Ito et al. (1995): Roux's Arch Dev Biol, 204:284-307]. Among these, the midline and longitudinal glia are described to some detail. The midline glia are located dorsally in the nerve cord ensheathing the two segmental commissures. They are required for the proper establishment of commissures. The longitudinal glia, the A and B glia, and the segment boundary cells (SBC) are covering the longitudinal connectives. The longitudinal glia prefigure longitudinal axon paths and appear capable of regulating the expression of neuronal antigens. In the following we summarize the knowledge on the function of these glial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Threshold responses in cinnamic-aldehyde-sensitive subjects: results and methodological aspects.

Cinnamic aldehyde is an important fragrance material and contact allergen. The present study was performed to provide quantitative data on the eliciting capacity of cinnamic aldehyde, to be considered in assessment of clinical relevance and health hazard. The skin response to serial dilution patch tests and 6-week graded use tests with 0.02, 0.1 and 0.8% cinnamic aldehyde in ethanol was studied in a group of cinnamic-aldehyde-sensitive eczema patients. The minimum effect level demonstrated was 0.02% cinnamic aldehyde on patch testing and 0.1% cinnamic aldehyde on use testing, which are allowed usage concentrations in different kind of cosmetics. 72% (13/18) developed eczema in the use test performed with an alcoholic solution of cinnamic aldehyde on healthy upper arm skin. 6 of the 13 use-test-positive subjects (46%) reacted later than day 7, indicating that the standard exposure period of 7 days in use testing may not be sufficient, if low concentrations or volatile substances are used. A significant correlation between patch test sensitivity and the outcome of use testing was found (1,<0.001), which should be considered in designing future use test studies and advising patients. Detailed exposure information is needed to evaluate more fully the consequences of cinnamic aldehyde sensitivity.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1994

The Ets transcription factors encoded by the Drosophila gene pointed direct glial cell differentiation in the embryonic CNS.

The Drosophila gene pointed (pnt) encodes two putative transcription factors (P1 and P2) of the Ets family, which in the embryonic CNS are found exclusively in glial cells. Loss of pnt function leads to poorly differentiated glial cells and a marked decrease in the expression of the neuronal antigen 22C10 in the MP2 neurons, which are known to interact intimately with the pntP1-expressing longitudinal glial cells. Ectopic expression of pntP1 RNA forces additional CNS cells to enter the glial differentiation pathway. Interestingly, the additional glial-like cells are often flanked by cells that ectopically express the neuronal antigen 22C10. Therefore, both the pnt loss-of-function as well as the gain-of-function phenotype suggest that glial cells are able to induce 22C10 expression on neighboring neurons. This was further verified by cell transplantation experiments. Thus, pnt is not only required but also sufficient for several aspects of glial differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Long-term use of topical calcipotriol in chronic plaque psoriasis.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: A multi-centre, open, prospective study of 12 months duration was performed to assess safety, efficacy and tolerability of topical calcipotriol in the long-term treatment of psoriasis. One hundred and sixty-seven adults with chronic plaque psoriasis who had previously responded to calcipotriol entered the study. Disease activity was monitored using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Calcipotriol ointment 50 micrograms/g was applied twice daily until remission was attained. Treatment was then stopped but reinstituted in the event of relapses. RESULTS: Of the 167 recruited patients, 6 patients did not receive any treatment during the trial. A total of 39 patients were withdrawn: 15 due to inadequate control of their psoriasis, 9 due to irritant reactions, 7 due to defaulting and 8 for miscellaneous voluntary reasons. A further 24 patients either reached the study medication limit of 2,500 g or were considered to have completed the study a few weeks prior to the 12-month period. Accordingly, 98 patients were assessable after 12 months of therapy. Complete clearing was obtained in 26% of subjects, who then used the treatment intermittently. The remaining patients required continuous treatment for 12 months. The mean PASI fell from 8.1 (SD +/- 6.67, n = 167) at baseline to 3.90 (+/- 3.50, 136) at 2 months and 2.71 (+/- 2.12, 98) at 12 months. There was no rise in the mean serum total calcium. CONCLUSION: Calcipotriol ointment was safe, effective and well tolerated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Frictional contact dermatitis.

Frictional trauma to the palms and fingertips can provoke a dermatitis. Cases of frictional dermatitis have been recognized in workers handling large quantities of pressure-sensitive carbonless paper. Elimination of the trauma led to healing within 2-3 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Mechanically-induced contact dermatitis and psoriasis].

Frictional eczema seems to be quite common, as is here illustrated by means of a few examples. A post-office official showed an eczema on both palms brought on by a rough tabletop . A bus driver had an eczema of the fingertips caused by contact with tickets . Mechanically provoked psoriasis of the palms is well-known. The frequency of other frictional dermatoses, however, seems to be underestimated.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetic comparison of seven 8-methoxypsoralen brands.

The pharmacokinetics of seven 8-MOP brands were evaluated in 7 volunteers using an incomplete bloc design. After a single oral dose the 8-MOP plasma level was followed for 3 hours. The plasma concentration was measured with a gas chromatographic - mass spectrometric method, using an isotopic dilution technique. The different brands could be divided into three groups. Two gave a high maximum concentration, four a medium, and one a low concentration. The large interbrand variation observed in this study can explain the variations in the results of the treatment and the differing numbers of joules required to clear the patients in various PUVA centers.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Nickel allergy--reliability of patch test. Evaluated in female twins.

The recommended patch test procedure for nickel allergy with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum was evaluated in a total of 169 female twins selected on the basis of a positive history of metal sensitivity. At the time of the evaluation most of them were healthy without current dermatitis. Of 88 female twins with a history of nickel sensitivity 62 (72%) had positive reactions after patch tests with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum. In the remaining 26 the loss of epicutaneous reactivity was independent of age and time lapsed since the last episode of clinical dermatitis, and it did not occur more often in monozygotic than in dizygotic pairs. The number of negative reactions was greater after an exposure time of only 24 h than after 48 h. In 103 consecutive patients 2.5% NiSO4 in 50% DMSO or 5% NiCl in petrolatum were evaluated as possible alternative test substances. These tests produced a large number of irritant reactions and are therefore not suitable for routine use. One patient with a positive history of nickel allergy reacted negatively with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum but had a true positive reaction with 5% NiCl. Obviously, 5% NiSO4 may give false negative reactions, and alternative test substances can therefore be useful in selected cases. In the present twin material positive nickel patch tests did not produce "angry back" reactions.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacokinetic and clinical comparison of two 8-methoxypsoralen brands.

We compared the Danish 8-MOP brand Meladinine with the Austrial brand Oxsoralen because of our discouraging result with PUVA in treating psoriasis. Nine healthy volunteers participated in the investigation. The plasma level of 8-MOP was measured by a gas chromatogrpahic-mass spectrometric method using isotopic dilution technique. The level obtained with Oxsoralen was on the average 5.8 times higher than that with Meladinine.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

Relationship between cobalt and nickel sensitization in females.

The view generally held in the literature is that the frequent occurrence of concomitant nickel and cobalt sensitivity is due to simultaneous sensitization from suspenders, jewelry, etc. In a study population consisting of 168 unselected female twins representing a random sample of the general population, only a few were found with concomitant nickel and cobalt sensitivity, and then mainly among those with hand dermatitis. Similar concomitant cobalt and nickel was found only in dermatological female patients with hand dermatitis. The conclusion is t hat concomitant nickel and cobalt sensitization from metal alloys worn in direct contact with the skin is rare and that cobalt sensitization is probably a phenomenon secondary to an already existing and dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Temperature-dependent nickel release from nickel alloys.

Nickel release from Danish one krone coins and metal buttons from jeans has been measured at 20 degrees C in distilled water and at 35 degrees C in distilled water and synthetic sweat. The temperature elevation increased the nickel release from the coins and two of the nine metal buttons investigated. Obviously the sensitivity to temperature elevation differs from one alloy to another.

Alloys↗
PubMed1979

Antabuse treatment of nickel dermatitis. Chelation--a new principle in the treatment of nickel dermatitis.

Eleven nickel-hypersensitive patients with chronic, dyshidrotic hand eczema aggravated by oral challenge with 0.6-2.5 mg nickel were treated with 100 mg tetraethylthiuramdisulfide (Antabuse) two to four times daily for 4-10 weeks. Nine of the patients experienced a flare of the dermatitis shortly after initiation of the treatment. During the course of treatment the dermatitis of seven patients cleared, improvement was seen in two patients, and in two the dermatitis remained unchanged. Flare was seen in six patients when the treatment was discontinued. Seven patients experienced side effects such as fatigue, headache and dizziness. The treatment of four patients was discontinued due to side effects. During the treatment high levels of nickel were found in the serum and urine.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Permanent disability from hand dermatitis in females sensitive to nickel, chromium and cobalt.

Among 564 Danes applying for permanent disability pension due to skin diseases, 222 had allergic contact eczema. Psoriasis was the next most common disorder. Nickel allergy was found in 99 cases, of whom 91 were women with hand eczema. In 43 the primary eczema was on the hands, in 38 under costume jewellery, suspenders, ect. Besides nickel the patients were often sensitive to cobalt, rubber and formaldehyde. Within Denmark there were geographical differences, as only few applicants came from the rural areas. Ten were atopics. 63 were chrome sensitive, including 21 women who all had hand eczema. Like the nickel sensitive they often had additional allergies to cobalt, rubber and formaldehyde. In 53% of the nickel sensitive the hand eczema started in occupations with a high nickel exposure. 39% had frequent changes in occupation, often to a new job with occupational nickel contact. As the patients in the present study were all selected on the basis of their poor prognoses, we have tried to establish prognostic criteria through comparison with unselected material from within the same geographical area.

Adolescent↗