Biomedical subjects

T Mentzel

Publications and source records attributed to T Mentzel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Expression of drug resistance related proteins in sarcomas of the pulmonary artery and poorly differentiated leiomyosarcomas of other origin.

Sarcomas are known to develop resistance to current chemotherapeutic strategies, displaying a multidrug-resistant phenotype. Mechanisms involved in drug resistance include reduced cellular drug accumulation, drug detoxification as well as alterations in drug target specificity. In seven sarcomas of the pulmonary artery (SPA) and ten leiomyosarcomas of other origin, we studied the immunohistochemical expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug-resistance protein (MRP), lung resistance protein (LRP), metallothionein (MT) and topoisomerase IIalpha. Upregulation was found in tumour cells for P-gp but not for MRP in SPA and other leiomyosarcomas. Topoisomerase IIalpha was expressed at high levels in tissue of primary tumours as well as recurrent tumours. Both P-gp and topoisomerase IIalpha were present in numerous tumour-associated vessels. LRP was expressed at high levels in SPA but to a lesser extent in the other leiomyosarcomas. MT was expressed at low levels but was markedly present at the border of necrosis. The overall survival and the relapse-free survival did not correlate with the expression of these factors. There was no significant relationship between treated and non-treated patients with respect to the expression of the examined molecules. P-gp, but not MRP, may play a role in the development of drug resistance. P-gp, LRP and topoisomerase IIalpha contribute to drug resistance through expression in tumour-associated vessels. Unique high levels of topisomerase IIalpha reflect the high proliferation rate of these tumours. MT seems to serve as a detoxifying agent of metabolites at the border of necrosis. Our findings underline the fact that multiple factors contribute to chemoresistance and that examination of a spectrum of relevant molecules is probably necessary to plan the best therapy.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B↗

PubMed2003

[Cutaneous perineurioma. Clinical and histological findings and differential diagnosis].

Perineuriomas, composed almost exclusively of EMA (epithelial membrane antigen) positive cells, represent a rare and distinct entity in the spectrum of nerve sheath tumours. At present three subtypes, including intraneural and extraneural perineurioma as well as sclerosing perineurioma, can be distinguished; atypical and malignant perineuriomas are extremely uncommon. We analysed the clinicopathological and immunohistochemcial features of 13 cases of cutaneous perineurioma. The neoplasms arose in adult patients (age range from 18 to 71 years) and were seen on the hand (six cases), the thigh (three cases), the lower leg (two cases), the forearm (one case) and in perinasal location (one case). Morphologically, seven neoplasms showed features of dermatofibroma-like perineurioma, four lesions were consistent with sclerosing perineurioma, one cellular lesion resembled a solitary fibrous tumour, and one case was diagnosed as atypical/malignant cutaneous perineurioma; no local recurrences or tumour progression has been reported so far. The differential diagnosis of various variants of cutaneous perineurioma from other mesenchymal lesions as well as melanocytic and epithelial neoplasms is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Myofibroblastic sarcoma of the thoracic wall. Change in appearance in tumour recurrence].

The existence of malignant mesenchymal tumours with myofibroblastic differentiation (myofibroblastic sarcoma, myofibrosarcoma) is controversially discussed. In the present case report a low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the thoracic wall with varying morphological appearance in numerous recurrences over a number of years is described. The varying immunophenotypes of tumour cells with myofibroblastic differentiation suggests that changing of morphological and immunohistochemical phenotypes may occur in tumour cells with myofibroblastic characteristics corresponding to the "plasticity" of the myofibroblast. The classification of soft tissue tumours is based on a discernible line of differentiation. If cells of a malignant mesenchymal tumour show characteristic features of myofibroblasts by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry, this neoplasm should be classified as a myofibroblastic sarcoma, even if the ultrastructural detection of "fibronexus" is not possible.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMed2003

Haemorrhagic dermatomyofibroma (plaque-like dermal fibromatosis): clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of three cases resembling plaque-stage Kaposi's sarcoma.

AIMS: Dermatomyofibroma (plaque-like dermal fibromatosis) represents a distinct clinicopathological entity in the spectrum of cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms showing a myofibroblastic line of differentiation. These benign neoplasms occur frequently, but not exclusively, in young women, and the shoulder girdle as well as the upper trunk are common locations. Histologically, dermatomyofibroma is characterized by a plaque-like proliferation of cytologically bland spindle-shaped tumour cells containing an ill-defined, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated, neuroid nuclei. Neoplastic cells are arranged in bundles and fascicles orientated parallel to the skin surface, adnexal structures are spared and elastic fibres are increased and fragmented. Immunohistochemically, tumour cells express vimentin and variably muscle actin and alpha-smooth muscle actin, but are negative for desmin, CD34, S100, and epithelial markers. The main differential diagnosis includes hypertrophic scar, dermatofibroma (fibrous histiocytoma), pilar leiomyoma, neurofibroma, adult myofibromatosis, extra-abdominal fibromatosis and plaque-stage dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report three cases of dermatofibroma arising in male patients aged 31, 36, and 47 years on the thigh, chest wall and back, respectively. All lesions were completely excised and no local recurrence has been reported. Histologically, the neoplasms showed classical features of dermatomyofibroma; however, in addition abundant extravasated erythrocytes, scattered inflammatory cells, numerous capillaries, and sieve- and slit-like spaces, features resembling plaque-stage Kaposi's sarcoma, were noted. In none of the cases did spindled tumour cells stain positively for CD34, and HHV8 was not detected by polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS: The reported cases widen the clinicopathological spectrum of dermatomyofibroma and emphasize plaque-stage Kaposi's sarcoma as an additional differential diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Diffuse dermal angiomatosis].

Diffuse dermal angiomatosis (DDA) is a benign, acquired vascular proliferation characterized by painful, poorly circumscribed, livid-erythematous plaques with frequent central ulceration. The clinical features are reminiscent of reactive angioendotheliomatosis or embolia cutis medicamentosa. Histologically, a dense diffuse network of regular capillary vessels throughout the dermis is seen. Endothelial atypia, atypical mitoses or signs of vasculitis are missing. A 43-year-old woman developed a bizarre brownish-livid rapidly growing lesion of DDA 8 centimeters above a surgical scar, shortly after removal of 20 kilograms of fatty tissue from the lower abdominal wall. DDA regressed spontaneously within 12 weeks, and has not recurred over 4 years of follow-up.

Abdominal Wall↗

PubMed2002

[Tumors of the lymphatic vessel of the skin and soft tissue].

Tumours of lymphatic vessels comprise only a small group in the heterogeneous spectrum of vascular neoplasms of skin and soft tissues. However, this discrepancy between haemangiomas/angiosarcomas and lymphangiomas/lymphangiosarcomas probably represents the present inability to reliably differentiate between lymphatic and capillary vascular endothelium. Histologically, neoplastic lymphatic vessels tend to be lined by endothelial cells with plumper and more prominent, matchstick-like nuclei (in contrast to vascular spaces in haemangiomas that are lined by flat or epithelioid endothelial cells), often show variations in the thickness of the vessel walls and are not completely surrounded by actin-positive (myo)pericytes. Endothelial cells in lymphatic neoplasms tend to be negative for CD34 or stain only focally positive for this marker and an expression of lymphatic markers as vascular endothelial growth factor-C receptor (VEGRF-3), podoplanin and M2A oncofetal antigen has been reported most recently. In addition to "traditional" lymphatic neoplasms including lymphangioma circumscriptum, cavernous lymphangioma/cystic hygroma, benign lymphangioendothelioma, lymphangiomatosis and the rare lymphangiosarcoma, histological and immunohistochemical features of a group of vascular neoplasms with a hobnail cytomorphology (hobnail haemangioma, retiform haemangioendothelioma, papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma, benign lymphangiomatous papule following radiotherapy) suggest that these lesions also belong to the spectrum of tumours of lymphatic vessels.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed2002

[Cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms versus mesenchymal neoplasms of subcutaneous and deep soft tissue. Similarities and differences].

As in subcutaneous and deep soft tissues, cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms are also relatively rare and characterized by a clinicopathological heterogeneity. There are striking differences in regard to the occurrence of different lines of differentiation of mesenchymal neoplasms in superficial and deep locations, and some distinct entities arise exclusively in the dermis. Superficially located mesenchymal neoplasms are characterized by a number of specific morphological features in comparison to deeper located lesions. Clinically important, dermal sarcomas of some lines of differentiation are associated with a favorable clinical prognosis, independent of the histological grading, which is important to know for the correct treatment of patients. In the following review similarities and distinguishing clinicopathological features of superficially and deeply located mesenchymal tumors are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed2002

Superficial acral fibromyxoma: report of two cases.

Superficial acral fibromyxoma (SAFM) is a rare soft tissue tumor that has recently been delineated as a separate entity. We report 2 cases of SAFM and discuss its pathological features and differential diagnosis. Both patients had lesions on the toe. In 1 patient, the tumor was found after nail extraction, which had been performed for the treatment of onychomycosis, whereas in the other patient the tumor itself was the reason for seeking dermatological assistance. Biopsies from both cases demonstrated similar features. There was a moderately circumscribed, non-encapsulated tumor extending through the whole dermis. The neoplasm was composed of spindle and stellate cells with slight nuclear atypia arranged in a loose storiform, partly fascicular growth pattern. In 1 case, strands of cells with rather wavy nuclei were seen at the periphery of the tumor. Mitotic figures were scarce. The neoplastic cells were embedded in a myxoid stroma with increased numbers of small blood vessels and scattered mast cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed weak focal positivity for CD34 and stained negatively for S-100 protein and alpha-smooth muscle actin. In 1 case epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was negative, whereas in the second case focal expression of EMA by neoplastic cells was seen. Alcian blue staining revealed abundant mucinous material within the stroma. In conclusion, SAFM represents a distinct entity in the spectrum of cutaneous myxoid tumors. The differential diagnosis of SAFM includes various myxoid neoplasms and tumors with a predilection for distal parts of the extremities.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

[Degenerative changes in parapharyngeal schwannoma "ancient schwannoma". Case report and review of the literature].

Schwannomas are rare, slow-growing, benign neoplasms derived from the schwann cells of the nerve sheath of peripheral nerves. Extracranial schwannomas are most frequently localized within the extremities or the head and neck region. For example, they are common in the skull base, the carotid sheath, and the parapharyngeal space. Beneath several histological variants, schwannomas showing prominent degenerative changes (so-called,,ancient schwannomas") are exceedingly rare. Histopathological features, such as degenerative changes and nuclear atypias in ancient schwannomas, may be easily confused with malignant mesenchymal neoplasm.We present the case of a 32-year-old female who required surgery for a parapharyngeal neoplasm. Histological examination revealed features of an ancient schwannoma.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

The association between tumour progression and vascularity in myxofibrosarcoma and myxoid/round cell liposarcoma.

Angiogenesis is an important factor in the morphological progression and metastasis of many solid tumours. We studied two homogeneous series of myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) and myxoid/round liposarcoma (MRLS), characterised by distinct vascular patterns and correlated the intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) with morphologic progression in both types of sarcoma. In our study, 43 cases of MFS and 42 cases of MRLS were graded according to established diagnostic criteria. For evaluation of IMD, representative sections were stained immunohistochemically for CD31. After selection of "neovascular hot spots", IMD was calculated by measuring the endothelial surface within twenty 200x fields in relation to the total analysed area. In addition to the correlation of IMD with histological grades of malignancy, a correlation of IMD with the inflammatory infiltrate in MFS was done. To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors, KDR and flt-1, may play a role in the progression of both types of sarcomas, we used mRNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) to study VEGF, KDR and flt-1 expression in selected cases. In addition, the expression of thrombospondin-1, which has been reported to inhibit angiogenesis, and of collagen type I was studied using mRNA ISH. Cases of MFS varied histologically from hypocellular, mainly myxoid, neoplasms (low-grade malignant, 18 cases) to intermediate-grade malignant lesions with increased cellularity and mitotic activity (13 cases), and high-grade malignant cases with marked pleomorphism, high proliferative activity and areas of necrosis in many cases (12 cases). Cases of purely low-grade myxoid liposarcoma (16 cases) were characterised by low-cellularity, mucin pooling and plexiform vasculature. In combined MRLS, these hypocellular areas were admixed with hypercellular, round cell areas (5-80% of the analysed tumour area; 23 cases), and in round cell liposarcoma (three cases) rounded tumour cells predominated (>80% of the analysed tumour area). The average IMD in intermediate and high-grade malignant MFS (4.03 and 4.09, respectively) was significantly higher than in low-grade malignant MFS (2.73). Correlation of vascularity with the inflammatory infiltrate in MFS showed increased IMD only in cases with abundant neutrophils; most of these cases were high-grade malignant neoplasms. In contrast, no statistical correlation between morphological progression and IMD was seen in myxoid liposarcoma (6.08), MRLS (6.57) and round cell liposarcoma (4.07). VEGF mRNA was expressed by tumour cells in all histological grades of MFS and MRLS. VEGF receptor mRNA was weakly expressed by endothelia of newly formed blood vessels in both entities. Interestingly, tumour cells of all analysed cases of MFS strongly expressed collagen type I and thrombospondin-1, while these proteins were not detected in tumour cells of MRLS. In conclusion, morphologic tumour progression in MFS is associated with increased IMD, whereas, in MRLS, no such correlation is seen. Whereas VEGF and VEGF receptor mRNA were expressed in both entities, a characteristic expression profile of collagen type I and thrombospondin-1 in MFS emerged. Further studies are necessary to correlate vascularity and clinical course in MFS and MRLS.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Osteopontin expression in primary sarcomas of the pulmonary artery.

Primary tumors of the great vessels (aorta, pulmonal artery, and inferior vena cava) are rare and represent in most cases vascular leiomyosarcomas. Furthermore, there also exists a group of sarcomas arising from the intima, known as intimal sarcomas, associated with early metastasis and a very poor prognosis. Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that binds to alphav integrins, thereby promoting cell attachment, chemotaxis, and signal transduction. The reported association of OPN with malignancy and metastasis prompted us to examine the expression of this protein in seven sarcomas of the pulmonary artery. Strong OPN-specific staining could be detected in tumor cells and the adjacent extracellular matrix. Using a double labeling procedure, proliferating cells showed a strong positive reaction with antibodies against OPN. In addition, this protein could be demonstrated in the cytoplasm of macrophages. CD44, a putative receptor of OPN, was expressed on the cellular surface of tumor-associated lymphocytes. The expression of OPN in macrophages and tumor cells indicates that this molecule could possibly mediate cellular adhesion of both cell types in pulmonary sarcomas. The detection in the extracellular matrix shows that OPN is actively secreted and may interact with the corresponding receptor, CD44, on the surface of lymphocytes. Although the function of OPN is not yet fully understood, our data indicate that strong expression of this molecule in poorly differentiated sarcomas could play a role in the progression of malignancy and metastasis as described previously for carcinomas.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Vascular tumors simulating occlusive disease.

Two cases of vascular tumors of large vessels with intraluminal growth simulating venous thrombosis and arterial occlusive disease are reported. One was a borderline malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the femoral vein and the other a malignant epithelioid angiosarcoma of the carotid artery. Immunohistochemical studies permitted to classify the tumors. Treatment consisted in surgical resection. No recurrence and no metastasis are noted at 24 months. Uncertainty regarding biological behaviour of vascular tumors and treatment persists.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in adults: a clinicopathologic study of 38 cases with emphasis on morphologic variants and recent skeletal muscle-specific markers.

Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) is a rare and controversial tumor of skeletal muscle phenotype. Diagnostic criteria for PRMS by combined histology and currently available immunohistochemistry have not been clearly defined. We report 38 pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas in adults, explore morphologic variants, and discuss our experience with both specific and nonspecific skeletal muscle markers in these tumors. Clinical data, morphology, and immunohistochemistry were reviewed. Electron microscopy was performed. Of 38 cases, there were 28 males and 10 females. Patient ages ranged from 21 to 81 years (median = 54 y; mean = 51 y). Tumors were located in the lower extremity (n = 18), abdomen/retroperitoneum (n = 6), chest/abdominal wall (n = 5), spermatic cord/testes (n = 4), upper extremity (n = 3), and one each in the mouth and orbit. Tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 15.0 cm (mean = 7.3 cm; median = 6.8 cm). The cases were divided into three variants, each with large, atypical, pleomorphic polygonal rhabdomyoblasts (PRMB) with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in varying numbers and different morphologic backgrounds of round or spindled rhabdomyoblasts (RMB). 1. Classic PRMS: Predominantly atypical PRMB in sheets (n = 8). 2. Round cell PRMS: Clusters of PRMB throughout the tumor with a background of slightly atypical, medium-sized, round, blue RMB (n = 13). 3. Spindle cell PRMS: Scattered PRMB in a predominance of atypical spindled RMB arranged in a storiform growth pattern (n = 17). Immunohistochemistry revealed the following: myoglobin (37/38), MyoD1 (19/36), skeletal muscle myogenin (myf4; 19/34), fast skeletal muscle myosin (4/5), desmin (36/38), muscle-specific actin (MSA; 25/35), smooth muscle actin (SMA; 15/33), and muscle specific myogenin (myf3; 25/35). Immunohistochemistry was supportive of skeletal muscle differentiation with at least one positive skeletal muscle-specific marker (myoglobin, MyoD1, fast skeletal muscle myosin, or myf4). In addition, all cases had some positivity for nonspecific muscle markers (desmin, MSA, SMA, myf3). Electron microscopy (EM), performed on eight selected cases from all three morphologic groups, demonstrated definitive skeletal muscle differentiation in all cases. Follow-up, available on 30 (79%) cases, revealed that 70% of patients died of disease (mean 20 months, range 1 month-108 months), 3% were alive with disease at 12 months (n = 1); and 27% had no evidence of disease (mean, 83 mo; range, 18 to 108 mo). PRMS, a tumor of predominantly middle-aged adult males in the lower extremity, can be diagnosed by the morphologic presence of scattered PRMB with immunohistochemical evidence of at least one skeletal muscle-specific marker. There are three morphologic variants of PRMS. The appropriate diagnosis of PRMS is significant as it is a high-grade sarcoma, with an aggressive clinical course.

Actins↗

PubMed2001

Benign fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) of the face: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 34 cases associated with an aggressive clinical course.

Thirty-four cases of fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) arising on the face are reported. These neoplasms occurred frequently in females (24 female, 10 male) and showed a broad age range (12 to 85 years; mean: 43.6 years, median: 41 years). The neoplasms originated on the forehead (nine cases), the cheek (eight cases), the eyebrow (four cases), the temporal region (three cases), the nose (two cases), and the ear (one case); in seven cases the location face was given only. Five of 27 cases with follow-up information (median: 5 years) recurred locally; in one case four recurrences were excised within 8 years. The majority of cases extended into the subcutis and deep soft tissue including striated muscle (50% of cases). Histologically, only the minority of cases was composed entirely of histiocytoid and spindle-shaped tumor cells arranged in a storiform growth pattern. In many cases cellular fascicles and bundles of spindle-shaped tumor cells were noted in addition to classical morphological features of fibrous histiocytoma. A moderate mitotic rate (mean: 2.97 mitoses in 10 HPFs) was observed, and in few cases increased atypia was evident. Frank tumor necrosis and/or vascular invasion were not identified. Immunohistochemical studies revealed Factor XIIIa positivity in 13 out of 17, focal CD68 positivity in 6 out of 10, and alpha-smooth muscle actin positivity in 16 out of 19 cases tested. These lesions should be distinguished from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, including its fibrosarcomatous variant, leiomyosarcoma, and low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma. Cases of fibrous histiocytoma of the face have to be excised with wider margins in comparison with examples of classical fibrous histiocytoma occurring on the extremities because of diffuse infiltration, involvement of deeper structures, and an increased rate of local recurrences.

Actins↗

PubMed2001

Cutaneous myoepithelioma: an under-recognized cutaneous neoplasm composed of myoepithelial cells.

Benign and malignant neoplasms of myoepithelial cells comprise a rare but well-characterized group of tumors, among which myoepithelioma of the salivary glands is the best known. Extrasalivary examples of myoepithelioma also have been described in the breast, larynx, and retroperitoneum. Recently, myoepithelioma of the soft tissue also has been reported. According to this description, myoepithelioma and mixed tumors arising in the skin and subcutis represent points along a clinicopathologic spectrum of cutaneous and soft-tissue tumors. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one case report of an entirely cutaneous myoepithelioma in the literature. We report herein five additional examples of purely myoepithelial tumors located exclusively in the dermis. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were well-circumscribed dermal lesions composed of fascicles of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and ovoid-to spindle-shaped nuclei. Focally, neoplastic aggregations of more epithelioid cells representing large round cells with abundant pale cytoplasm arranged in solid clusters, cords, or strands were also seen. Ductal differentiation was not identified in either of these solid aggregations of epithelioid cells or in the fascicles of spindle-shaped cells. Nuclear pleomorphism in epithelioid and spindle-cell areas was mild, and mitotic figures were very sparse. In some cases, small, necrotic areas were seen within the solid aggregations of spindle-shaped cells. Neoplastic stroma was scant and composed of fibrillary collagen and abundant mucin. In one case, the stroma consisted of clusters of mature adipocytes intermingled with fascicles of myoepithelial cells. Areas of chondroid or osteoid metaplasia were not seen in any of the cases. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells expressed positivity for muscle specific actin (HHF35), alpha smooth muscle actin (IA4), S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), whereas stains for pan-cytokeratin (MNF116) were focal and weak. The findings in this report expand the clinical and histopathologic spectrum of cutaneous myoepithelioma, an under-recognized cutaneous neoplasm of myoepithelial cells.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Dendritic cell neurofibroma with pseudorosettes: a report of 18 cases of a distinct and hitherto unrecognized neurofibroma variant.

The authors present 18 cases of a hitherto unrecognized variant of cutaneous neurofibroma. The tumors presented in adults (10 occurred in men and eight occurred in women) as a solitary, well-circumscribed, superficial lesion located in the dermis measuring 3 to 17 mm (mean size, 6.2 mm). The tumors formed oval-shaped masses that ran perpendicular to the epidermis. In the deep part of the tumor there was multinodular arrangement with two types of cells: Type I cells were small, dark, lymphocyte-like cells with a slightly irregular nucleus and inconspicuous cytoplasm. Type II cells were larger, with pale-staining vesicular nuclei, with frequent invaginations and intranuclear inclusions, and had copious clear eosinophilic cytoplasm that formed a stellate growth pattern, which was poorly visible on hematoxylin and eosin staining. Type I cells were grouped concentrically around type II cells and formed pseudorosettes. Most of the type I and type II cells were S-100 protein and CD57 positive, and various proportions of both cell types were CD56 and PGP9.5 positive. All cells were chromogranin A, synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, cytokeratins, CD1a, CD21, CD31, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle-specific actin, desmin, and HMB-45 negative. CD34 stained intralesional fibroblasts. Antibody to epithelial membrane antigen stained only the perineurium around the tumor masses, suggesting that the tumors arose inside the nerve sheath. No signs of neurosecretory granules were present at ultrastructural level. None of the lesions recurred and none metastasized over a mean follow-up of 8.1 years.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Large B-cell lymphoma of the leg--complete remission with perilesional interferon alpha.

We present the case of an 85-year-old woman with cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules on the lower and upper leg showing the characteristic histological features of a large B-cell lymphoma of the leg. Investigations for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the prognostic markers matrix metalloproteinase 2 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 revealed an increased serum level of the latter. Monotherapy with perilesional interferon alpha(2a) 3 x 9 million units/week was well tolerated. The final outcome was a complete remission after 14 months with an overall survival of more than 17 months.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Cutaneous lipomatous neoplasms.

Benign and malignant lipomatous tumors are the most common neoplasms of subcutaneous and deep soft tissues in adults. In contrast, purely cutaneous lipogenic neoplasms are exceptionally rare, and some entities and variants of adipocytic neoplasms have not yet been described in the skin. In addition, some dermal lipogenic neoplasms are characterized by different specific clinicopathologic features in comparison with more deeply located tumors. Cutaneous angiolipoleiomyoma ("angiomyolipoma") is seen most often in male patients and in an acral location. It is characterized histologically by mature adipocytes, thick-walled blood vessels, and smooth muscle cells arranged in well-defined fascicles and around blood vessels. Smooth muscle cells in cutaneous angiolipoleiomyoma stain negatively for HMB-45, in contrast to renal and extrarenal angiomyolipoma. Adenolipoma of the skin is a superficially located form of lipoma composed of large lobules of mature adipocytic tissue admixed with eccrine ducts and glands. Cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomas, in contrast to subcutaneous forms, are more common in female patients and have a wide anatomic distribution. Histologically, cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomas are characterized by an infiltrative growth pattern mimicking more aggressive lesions. Rarely, liposarcoma may occur as a purely cutaneous lesion with a favorable clinical prognosis despite high-grade morphologic features in many cases.

Adipocytes↗