Biomedical subjects

T Miner

Publications and source records attributed to T Miner.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Surveying Saccharomyces genomes to identify functional elements by comparative DNA sequence analysis.

Comparative sequence analysis has facilitated the discovery of protein coding genes and important functional sequences within proteins, but has been less useful for identifying functional sequence elements in nonprotein-coding DNA because the relatively rapid rate of change of nonprotein-coding sequences and the relative simplicity of non-coding regulatory sequence elements necessitates the comparison of sequences of relatively closely related species. We tested the use of comparative DNA sequence analysis to aid identification of promoter regulatory elements, nonprotein-coding RNA genes, and small protein-coding genes by surveying random DNA sequences of several Saccharomyces yeast species, with the goal of learning which species are best suited for comparisons with S. cerevisiae. We also determined the DNA sequence of a few specific promoters and RNA genes of several Saccharomyces species to determine the degree of conservation of known functional elements within the genome. Our results lead us to conclude that comparative DNA sequence analysis will enable identification of functionally conserved elements within the yeast genome, and suggest a path for obtaining this information.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Comparative genomic sequence analysis of the human and mouse cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator genes.

The identification of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) in 1989 represents a landmark accomplishment in human genetics. Since that time, there have been numerous advances in elucidating the function of the encoded protein and the physiological basis of cystic fibrosis. However, numerous areas of cystic fibrosis biology require additional investigation, some of which would be facilitated by information about the long-range sequence context of the CFTR gene. For example, the latter might provide clues about the sequence elements responsible for the temporal and spatial regulation of CFTR expression. We thus sought to establish the sequence of the chromosomal segments encompassing the human CFTR and mouse Cftr genes, with the hope of identifying conserved regions of biologic interest by sequence comparison. Bacterial clone-based physical maps of the relevant human and mouse genomic regions were constructed, and minimally overlapping sets of clones were selected and sequenced, eventually yielding approximately 1.6 Mb and approximately 358 kb of contiguous human and mouse sequence, respectively. These efforts have produced the complete sequence of the approximately 189-kb and approximately 152-kb segments containing the human CFTR and mouse Cftr genes, respectively, as well as significant amounts of flanking DNA. Analyses of the resulting data provide insights about the organization of the CFTR/Cftr genes and potential sequence elements regulating their expression. Furthermore, the generated sequence reveals the precise architecture of genes residing near CFTR/Cftr, including one known gene (WNT2/Wnt2) and two previously unknown genes that immediately flank CFTR/Cftr.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

The role of speed of processing, inhibitory mechanisms, and presentation order in trail-making test performance.

The roles of speed of processing, inhibition, and presentation order in the Trail Making Test (TMT) performance were examined. One-hundred ten undergraduates performed the TMT (1/2 received order Part A-Part B, 1/2 received order Part B-Part A) and also completed computerized tests of inhibitory functioning and speed of processing. Neither speed of processing nor inhibitory functioning affected TMT performance. However, order of presentation significantly affected TMT performance. Presentation order is an important variable to consider in TMT performance.

Adult↗

PubMed1974

Synthesis of branced-chain aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleid acid synthetases in a Salmonella typhimurium mutant with an altered biosynthetic L-threonine deaminase.

The differential rates of synthesis of the three branched-chain aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases were measured in Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 and a mutant, ilvA504. The mutant produced an l-threonine deaminase with a decreased affinity for its cofactor, pyridoxal-5'-monophosphate. The addition of pyridoxal-5'-monophosphate to cultures of strain ilvA504 growing in excess isoleucine, valine, and leucine resulted in an increased rate of growth and repression of the synthesis of the isoleucine and valine biosynthetic enzymes. No differences in the rate of synthesis of the branched-chain aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases were observed in cultures of ilvA504 growing with or without added pyridoxal-5'-monophosphate. The differential rates of synthesis of all three enzymes were similar to the rates measured in strain LT-2. These experiments suggest that different forms of the ilvA gene product are involved in the regulation of the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic enzymes and the branched-chain aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Outcomes of external fixation of pediatric femoral shaft fractures.

Thirty-seven femoral shaft fractures, in 33 patients, were treated with unilateral external fixation after reduction from 1992 through 1998. Ten girls and 23 boys ranged in age from 4 to 14 years. Thirteen children had multiple injuries, whereas 20 children had isolated fractures. Average follow-up was 3 years, 9 months, with only five children lost to follow-up. The average duration in fixator was 107 days. Thirty-six of 37 fractures healed, and there was one delayed union. There was minimal angulation, and limb-length inequality was generally <1 cm; 72.7% had pin-tract infections. Eight (21.6%) patients refractured; four occurred in the four patients with bilateral femur fractures. We agree with previous reports that external fixation remains a viable option for treatment of pediatric femoral shaft fractures. However, in our series, rate of refracture (21.6%) after removal of the external fixator is significantly higher than previously reported in literature. Children with bilateral femur fractures were at greatest risk.

Adolescent↗