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Biomedical subjects

T Mishima

Publications and source records attributed to T Mishima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Studies on the uronic acid-containing glycoproteins of Fusarium sp. M7-1: IV. Isolation and identification of four novel oligosaccharide units derived from the acidic polysaccharide chain.

Four novel oligosaccharide units were isolated from the acetolysis products of the acidic polysaccharide chain derived from the glycoproteins of Fusarium sp. M7-1. Their chemical structures were resolved mainly by 1H-NMR spectrometry in combination with methylation analysis and mass spectrometry. The results indicate that these oligosaccharide units originated from the side chains, GlcNAc alpha 1-->4GlcA alpha 1-->2(GlcNac alpha 1-->4)GlcA alpha 1-->2Gal, GlcNAc alpha 1-->4GlcA alpha 1-->2(GlcNAc alpha 1-->4)GlcA alpha 1-->2(GlcNac alpha 1-->4)GlcA alpha 1-->2Gal, ChN<--P--> 6Man beta 1-->4GlcA alpha 1-->2Gal, and Man beta 1-->2(ChN<--P-->6)Man beta 1-->4GlcA alpha 1-->2Gal linked together with the other units reported previously [Jikibara et al. (1992) J. Biochem. 111, 236-243] through beta 1-->6galactofuranoside linkages in the acidic polysaccharide chain.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1991

Determination of glycosylation sites using a protein sequencer and deglycosylation of native yeast invertase by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase.

Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Arthrobacter protophormiae was tested for its capacity to release N-linked sugar chains from native yeast invertase. The enzyme liberated about 80% of the sugar chains from the native invertase. Deglycosylated invertase was digested by chymotrypsin or pepsin, and twelve N-acetylglucosamine-containing glycopeptides were isolated. The amino acid sequences of these glycopeptides were analyzed by a protein sequencer, and the elution position of 4-L-aspartylglycosylamine was directly identified by conventional sequencing. The endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was found to remove mainly nine sugar chains from native invertase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Exercise-induced pathophysiological changes in asthmatic children. VIII. The changes of specific gravity of peripheral eosinophils and serum cortisol levels].

In order to investigate the mechanism of exercise-induced asthma (EIA) from the aspect of eosinophil function, we determined the changes in the peripheral eosinophil count and the specific gravity of the eosinophils in EIA patients, and also as a parameter of endocrine function, we determined the serum cortisol level. All parameters were analyzed in respect to time before and after inducement of exercise. The subjects selected for this study were 14 asthmatic children, an EIA positive group consisting of 8 subjects and 6 subjects in an EIA negative group. Eosinophil counts with a specific gravity less than 1.0825 gm/ml were recorded in respect to the time sequence of 15, 30, and 60 minutes after inducement of exercise. The eosinophil counts recorded were significantly higher in the EIA positive group in comparison to the EIA negative group. With progression of time after inducement of exercise, the number of eosinophils observed with a specific gravity of less than 1.0825 gm/ml tended to increase in the EIA positive group when compared to the results recorded before inducement of exercise. In respect to the course of time, 15 minutes after inducement of exercise, the serum cortisol level tended to decrease. At the point of 7 hours after inducement of exercise, the serum cortisol levels in the EIA positive group were significantly lower than the EIA negative group. These findings suggest that eosinophils and the endocrine system play an important role in EIA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Heterogeneity of rat plasma albumin and drug binding.

Rat plasma albumin fractionated by Sephadex G-75 (superfine) gel filtration from freshly prepared rat plasma was further separated into three major fractions by chromatofocusing column chromatography. All the fractionated albumins had high binding affinity for the fluorescent probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, as the model compound for acidic drugs, and were found to be immunologically identical.

Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
PubMed1990

[Study on occlusal sounds in children. (1). Influences of the velocity of tooth tapping on the occlusal sound].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the maximum velocity of the mouth closing phase on the occlusal sound. Six subjects examined were divided into two groups (children and young adults). Occlusal sounds generated by the tooth tapping were obtained with in microelectronic condenser microphone placed on infra-orbital and external auditory canal. Three parameters were used for the measuring points such as 1) maximum velocity of the closing phase, 2) maximum amplitude of the occlusal sound, 3) duration of the occlusal sound. The results obtained in the present study were as follows: 1) The waveform of occlusal sounds obtained from infra-orbital showed more clearly than that obtained from the external auditory canal. 2) With increasing velocity, both the values of maximum amplitude and duration showed a tendency to increase in both groups. 3) The prolonging of the duration was apparent in the children. The results obtained in the study suggest that the analysis of the occlusal sounds generated by tooth tapping can apply to aid in the functional diagnosis of occlusion in children.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Protection of liver microsomal membranes from lipid peroxidation by garlic extract.

Garlic extract, the ethanol-soluble fraction of garlic, prevented formation of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances and fluorescent substances during lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. Lipid peroxidation increased the fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene labelled to the microsomes while this increase was prevented by the garlic extract. It thus seems probable that the garlic extract serves to maintain membrane fluidity. These effects were dependent on its concentration and particularly prominent on exceeding a certain concentration of garlic extract. These results suggest its possible role of protecting the membranes from lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of quartet cancer--a carcinoma of the breast followed by three synchronous cancers (kidney, thyroid and colon)].

A case of a surgically treated primary quartet cancer is reported, along with a review of the Japanese literature. A 68-year-old woman, curatively operated for a right breast cancer 6 years previously, was then diagnosed as having a left renal cell carcinoma, a thyroid cancer, and a sigmoid colon cancer as a result of a subsequent screening examination within one year. These synchronous, triple cancers were resected in a curative operation for each. Histopathologically, each neoplasm was proven to be a primary cancer lesion, and two different types (papillary and trabecular) were found in the thyroid gland.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Successful CYVADIC combination chemotherapy of metastatic pulmonary lesions involving a mediastinal leiomyosarcoma--a case report].

Discussed is a 34-year-old man who hospitalized for manifesting the superior vena cava syndrome. Chest radiograph and chest CT scan revealed a gross tumor shadow in the superior mediastinum and a tiny shadow in the right lung. Superior vena cavography showed intimal stenosis, irregularities, and stiffness of the superior vena cava. Thus, radiotherapy applied to primary lesion of the mediastinum was provided to relieve his complaints. One year later, predominant metastatic pulmonary lesions and skin lesions developed. Light and electron microscopic findings of a biopsied specimen of the skin lesion were consistent with leiomyosarcoma. CYVADIC combination chemotherapy reduced the pulmonary metastatic lesions dramatically. The literature of mediastinal leiomyosarcoma is reviewed and the origin of this tumor is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Basic studies on an immunoradiometric assay system for human parathyrin (intact PTH1-84)].

Two-site immunoradiometric assay for human parathyrin (PTH1-84) is specific for the intact, secreted, biologically active 84 amino peptide. This system incorporates two-different polyclonal antibodies to human intact PTH and has several technical advantages for use. This assay could detect a wide range of PTH in patients with hypo-, hyperparathyroidism, chronic renal failure and hypercalcemia with malignancy, especially distinguishing the level of human intact PTH in hypoparathyroidism from in normal.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical studies on the transference of cephem-type antibiotics into bile and gallbladder tissues with special reference to cefotiam and cefmenoxime].

Cefotiam (CTM) and cefmenoxime (CMX) were studied for their serum concentrations and transference into bile in patients with PTCD or T-tube. One gram of CTM or either 1 g or 2 g of CMX was administered by an intravenous drip infusion for over 30 minutes. These drugs were also studied for their serum concentrations, bile concentrations, and tissue concentrations in the walls of the gallbladder of patients operated on for cholelithiasis. Intravenous drip infusion (over 30 minutes) was used to administer 1 g of CTM or 1 g or 2 g CMX immediately before surgery. Both CTM and CMX were readily transferred into bile. Their bile concentrations, however, varied greatly among patients, and extremely low levels were detected in some patients. A crossover analysis of concentrations of CMX in bile of patients given doses of 1 g and 2 g revealed a dose-response relationship. The crossover analysis of drug concentrations in bile of patients given CTM and CMX showed that CMX is transferred more readily to bile. The relationship between liver functions and drug transfer to bile was examined by plotting the total bilirubin level against drug concentrations in bile. The plots formed an exponential curve with a correlation coefficient (r) being -0.52 in cases when each subjects received 1 g of CTM and -0.72 in cases when each subjects received 1 g of CMX. A study of 3 patients given CMX at a dose of 1 g suggested that bile levels of CMX may be correlated to ICG. Concentrations of CTM and CMX in tissues of the gallbladder wall were fairly high, with unexpectedly small variance among patients. Even in patients with low bile concentrations of these drugs, drug levels in the tissues of the gallbladder wall were high. Drug levels in the noninflammatory tissues were higher than those in inflammatory lesions. The above findings suggest that CTM should be the antibiotic of choice for patients with ordinary biliary tract infections and after the surgery of the liver and biliary tract system, while CMX should be the antibiotic of choice for patients with severe biliary tract infections, and for compromised hosts after the surgery of the liver and biliary tract system.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Release of leukotriene C4 from human eosinophils and its relation to the cell density.

Human eosinophils and neutrophils were isolated from 20 ml of peripheral blood by dextran sedimentation, centrifugation with lymphoprep, and density gradient centrifugation with Percoll. The incubation of neutrophils of purity higher than 99% (density: 1.080-1.085 g/ml) with calcium ionophore A23187 for 20 min resulted in the release of a little amount of leukotriene C4 (2.3 +/- 0.6 ng/10(6) cells) as measured with a commercial radioimmunoassay kit. On the other hand, the release from eosinophils was over 10 times that from neutrophils. When the releasability of leukotriene C4 from eosinophils was examined in relation to the cell density, the eosinophils with lower density were observed to produce greater amounts of leukotriene C4.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of slow-reacting substance release by calmodulin blocker.

It was examined whether a calmodulin blocker could inhibit release of slow-reacting substance from human leukocytes. W-7, a specific calmodulin blocker, completely inhibited slow-reacting substance release induced by calcium ionophore or mite allergen at 5 X 10(-5) M, while W-12, which had a lower affinity to calmodulin, failed to inhibit the release even at 10(-4) M. It was suggested that calmodulin was involved in mechanisms of slow-reacting substance release. Release of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha by calcium ionophore was partially inhibited by 5 X 10(-5) M of W-7. The inhibitory effects of W-7 on slow-reacting substance release could be considered responsible for the suppression of phospholipase A2.

Autacoids↗
PubMed1983

Prospective study of "early" gastric cancer.

In order to elucidate the natural history of early gastric cancer, we followed up non-concurrently certain patients who had been diagnosed endoscopically as having "early' gastric cancer and who had histological evidence of cancer by biopsy, but on whom surgical resection had been delayed or had not been conducted. At the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka, 56 cases were eligible for this study. Out of these, 27 cases progressed to advanced cancer and 16 remained at the early stage during the follow-up period (6-88 months, mean: 29 months). The remaining 13 cases had had neither surgical resection nor examinations. The survivorship function for the duration of "early" gastric cancer was estimated by the life-table method of Kaplan and Meier. The median of the duration was estimated as 37 months. The 5-year survival rate of the 34 cases on whom surgical resection had not been conducted was estimated as 64.5%. These results suggest that early diagnosis and early treatment may lead to a reduction of mortality from stomach cancer.

Adult↗