Biomedical subjects

T Momotsu

Publications and source records attributed to T Momotsu.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

Neurotensin and substance P and dumping syndrome.

To investigate the pathophysiological relation between releases of gut hormones and dumping syndrome, plasma radioimmunoassayable neurotensin, substance P, glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI), insulin and blood sugar were measured in both gastrectomized patients and control subjects after 50 g oral glucose tolerance tests. Remarkable rises of radioimmunoassayable neurotensin and GLI were found in all gastrectomized patients, but not in control subjects. In contrast, plasma radioimmunoassayable substance P responses were not detected in either gastrectomized patients or control subjects. There were three patients with symptoms of dumping syndrome in the early stage of the test. Plasma radioimmunoassayable neurotensin responses in two out of these three were higher than those in other patients, though the other patient with symptoms had the same degree of neurotensin elevation as patients with no symptoms. In view of the pharmacological effects of neurotensin, it could not be ruled out that a part of the early symptoms of dumping syndrome may result from the remarkably enhanced plasma neurotensin release in some patients, although the enhanced neurotensin responses did not always accompany symptoms of dumping syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Enhanced neurotensin-like immunoreactivity release in total gastrectomized patients after 50 g OGTT.

Neurotensin, originally isolated from the bovine hypothalamus (Carraway and Leeman 1973) is found not only in several parts of the brain (Carraway and Leeman 1976a) but also in the lower intestine (Orci, Baetens, Rufener, Brown, Vale and Guillemin 1976). Although neurotensin has a wide range of pharmacological effects (Carraway, Demer and Leeman 1976b), the concentrated localization of this peptide in the gut suggests that neurotensin may play a pathophysiological role in the gut disease. Recently, Bloom, Blackburn, Ebeid, Ralphs and Polak (1978) proposed the hypothesis that neurotensin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of dumping syndrome, based on measurement of plasma neutrotensin levels in gastrectomized patients. To examine the hypothesis, we compared changes of plasma neurotensin levels after 50 g OGTT in total gastrectomized patients with those in control subjects. In this paper, we report on enhanced neurotensin like immunoreactivity (NTLI) release in gastrectomized patients after 50 g OGTT.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in the glomerular pore size selectivity in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.

We measured the urinary excretion rate and clearance of three plasma proteins, albumin, transferrin, and IgG4, each of which has a similar isoelectric point, but a different molecular weight. This study consisted of 86 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and 15 healthy subjects. In the patients, the degree of the urinary excretion rate and clearance of both transferrin (TER and Ctrans) and IgG4 IgG4 ER and ClgG4) closely correlated with that of the urinary excretion rate of albumin (AER). Although significant increases in the medians of TER and Ctrans were found even in the patients with AER of less than 5 micrograms/min, significant increases in the medians of IgG4 ER and ClgG4 were observed only in the patients with AER of more than 10 micrograms/min, in comparison with age-matched healthy subjects. Considering the biochemical properties of these proteins, our results indicate that an alteration in the glomerular size selectivity may appear even in patients with normoalbuminuria, and in patients with AER of more than 10 micrograms/min, more extensive damage in glomerular size selectivity may occur.

Albuminuria↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acute loading with proteins from different sources in healthy volunteers and diabetic patients.

To evaluate the effects of protein loading on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary excretion rate of albumin (AER), and plasma concentration of amino acids, 10 healthy volunteers and six diabetics were studied before and after eating tuna fish, egg white, cheese, or tofu. Furthermore, to study the possible role of glucagon, growth hormone (GH), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), or kallikrein in the responses of GFR, these substances were measured before and after protein loading. GFR increased significantly (p less than .001) after ingestion of tuna fish. No significant differences were seen between the GFR before and that after ingestion of the other foods. AER was unchanged following protein loading. Plasma concentrations of alanine, glycine, and arginine increased to a greater degree after ingestion of tuna fish than after digestion of the other foods. This result suggests that the response of GFR after protein loading may differ from one protein to another, and that these responses may not be directly mediated by glucagon, GH, ANP, or kallikrein.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hypercalciuria and hematuria in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

This study was undertaken to examine whether patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) are hypercalciuric and whether there is a pathophysiologic relationship between urinary calcium excretion (UCE) and the degree of diabetic nephropathy. Although UCE did not parallel the increase of urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) and the presence of hematuria was not corrected with the degree of UCE, we confirmed that 36% of diabetic patients have hypercalciuria and that the prevalence of hypercalciuria is more frequent in diabetic patients with normo- or microalbuminuria than in the controls. In 6 months, the AER of two hypercalciuric patients increased. However, the blood pressure and HbA1c of these two patients increased during the same 6 months. Therefore, it remains unclear whether hypercalciuria induced an increase in the AER of these patients.

Albuminuria↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of vanadate on renal function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

The effects of vanadate on glycemic control (HbA1c) and renal function was assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-D) with heminephrectomy. Vanadate-treated rats had a significantly lower HbA1c level compared with STZ-D rats without vanadate at 8 weeks after initiation of this study. In the STZ-D rats with vanadate, there were significant decreases in the urinary albumin and IgG excretion rates. The present findings suggest that glycemic control by oral administration of vanadate, which does not cause insulin release, improves diabetic renal function.

Albuminuria↗