Biomedical subjects

T Moskal

Publications and source records attributed to T Moskal.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Varicella in Chimpanzees.

Two chimpanzees were inoculated subcutaneously with the wild-type Oka strain of varicellazoster virus (VZV). Viral DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of both animals using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) shortly after inoculation. Ten days after inoculation both animals developed an erythematous, papular rash near the site of inoculation that extended into the adjacent dermatome. Viral DNA was found by PCR in a skin biopsy from one of the animals at the time of the rash. While only two animals were studied, the development of a mild form of varicella in chimpanzees indicates that these animals might be useful for molecular studies of viral genes involved in virulence or attenuation of VZV.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Infectivity titration of a prototype strain of hepatitis E virus in cynomolgus monkeys.

The infectivity titer of a standard stock of the SAR-55 strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV) was determined in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and the effect of dose on the course of the infection was examined by weekly monitoring of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and anti-HEV levels. Antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) was measured with ELISAs based on ORF-2 recombinant antigens consisting of either a 55 kDa region expressed in insect cells or shorter regions expressed as fusion proteins in bacteria. The ELISA based on the 55 kDa antigen was generally more sensitive. The infectivity titer of SAR-55 was 10(6) cynomolgus 50% infectious doses per gram of feces. The infectivity titer corresponded to the HEV genome titer of the inoculum as determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Anti-HEV IgM was detected in only a portion of the animals that had an anti-HEV IgG response. Biochemical evidence of hepatitis was most prominent in animals that were inoculated with the higher concentrations of virus and the incubation period to seroconversion was prolonged in animals that received the lower doses.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1994

In vivo transfection by hepatitis A virus synthetic RNA.

Marmosets injected intrahepatically with nucleic acids (cDNA and RNA transcripts) representing the full-length genome of the wild-type HM-175 strain of hepatitis A virus experienced acute hepatitis and seroconversion to hepatitis A virus capsid proteins. The hepatitis was comparable in severity to that caused by infection with the wild-type virus. The viral cDNA and the hepatitis A virus recovered from the feces of an injected animal contained the same marker mutation. Therefore, intermediate cell culture steps can be omitted and the virulence of a hepatitis A virus encoded by a cDNA clone can be evaluated by direct transfection of marmosets.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

cDNA clone of hepatitis A virus encoding a virulent virus: induction of viral hepatitis by direct nucleic acid transfection of marmosets.

Direct inoculation of marmoset livers with an in vitro transcription mixture containing cDNA and full-length genomic RNA transcripts of hepatitis A virus resulted in acute viral hepatitis. Elevations in serum levels of liver enzymes were correlated with appearance of antibody to hepatitis A virus. Genomes of infectious hepatitis A virus isolated from the feces of transfected marmosets contained the same mutation as the cDNA template used for transfection. Liver biopsies confirmed that the virus encoded by the cDNA clone induced histopathological changes equivalent to those caused by virulent wild-type virus.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Thromboxane synthetase inhibition produces maternal and fetal vasodilation during ovine pregnancy-induced hypertension: a Doppler flow velocimetric study.

Changes in maternal and fetal umbilical arterial vasoreactivity during ovine pregnancy-induced hypertension and following intravenous administration of CGS 12970 [3-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)-1-indoleoctanoic acid] were assessed. Continuous wave Doppler flow velocimetry was used to assess vascular reactivity during normotensive baseline, during ovine pregnancy-induced hypertension triggered by a 72-hour fast, and following thromboxane synthetase inhibition with CGS 12970. Uterine and umbilical arterial systolic/diastolic flow ratios increased significantly with the onset of sustained hypertension. After thromboxane synthetase inhibition, uterine and umbilical artery systolic/diastolic flow ratios were not different from baseline, and maternal blood pressure had returned to baseline values. These data indicate that thromboxane produces maternal and fetal vasoconstriction during ovine pregnancy-induced hypertension. Furthermore, these data provide strong evidence that thromboxane synthetase inhibition allows vasodilation, resulting in improved maternal and fetal condition.

Animals↗