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Biomedical subjects

T Muro

Publications and source records attributed to T Muro.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Changes in HBsAg carrier rate in Goto Islands, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.

Annual mass examinations in an area where hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is very prevalent revealed that 12.1% of inhabitants born during 1946-50 were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), compared with only 0.6% of those born during 1971-75. To find out why the HBV carrier rate has fallen, changes in the modes of HBV infection were examined. The HBsAg positivity rate among mothers who gave birth to HBV carrier children in 1965 and before was 26.8% and that for such mothers whose babies were born in 1966 and after was 66.7%, whereas the HBsAg positivity rate among children born to HBV carrier mothers in 1965 and before and in 1966 and after were 30.8% and 28.3%, respectively. None of the 503 inhabitants who had no HBV markers in 1976 had become carriers by 1981. These findings indicate that the decrease in the prevalence of HBV carriage is caused mainly by the reduction in occurrence of horizontal transmission of HBV in infancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Specific pattern of ruptured annulus fibrosus in lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.

In order to study the antepriori etiologic factors of degenerative spondylolisthesis, the discograms and CTD were analyzed and the rate of disc slipping and disc indices wer evaluated in 30 cases with degenerative spondylolisthesis. (1) The characteristic S-shaped image which extended from anteroinferior to posterosuperior up to the posterior margin of a vertebral body was observed in 89.7% of slipped discs in lateral discograms. CTD revealed that this image represented a circular splitting in the external and intermediate annulus fibrosus. (2) Discographic degeneration of the discs adjacent to a slipped disc was relatively mild, and their disc indices were not significantly different from those of controls. (3) A negative correlation with r = -0.434 was found between the slipping rate and the disc index. From these results, it was postulated that the site and direction of the circular splitting in laminae of the annulus fibrosus, and the direction of the load applied to an intervertebral disc are important etiologic factors of degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Pituitary apoplexy with hypercreatinekinasemia].

A 59 year-old female with hypercereatinekinasemia associated with pituitary apoplexy was presented. The patient showed headache, nausea, vomiting and pyrexia. On admission, slight nuchal rigidity and photophobia were observed. However all the cranial nerves were intact; neither ophthalmoplegia nor visual defect were observed. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed an elevated protein concentration of 164 mg/dl. There were 157 cells/mm2 (30% neutrophils). Skull X-P disclosed the ballooning of the sella turcica. CT scan, endocrinological examination and angiography lead us to the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy. By the sphenoidal approach necrotic tissue with a little chromophobe adenoma were removed. No haematoma was detected. The isozyme pattern of serum CK showed 100 percent MM type. Serum CK concentration reached as high as 2502 IU/l on the fifth day from the onset of the symptom and then normalized in 12 days. Though the cause of the hypercreatinekinasemia uncertain, the similar pattern of hypercreatinekinasemia is known in the acute stage of cerebrovascular accident, and it is more often observed in thalamic hemorrhage. We assumed that the hypercreatinekinasemia in our case was caused by hypothalamic irritation, which lead hyperpermeability of sarcolemma and leakage of the enzymes of muscle origin.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of atypical HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM)].

We report two cases of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) who showed high HTLV-I antibody titers with clinically atypical neurological symptoms compared with typical HAM originally reported by Osame et al. Case 1 is a 59 year-old-woman who showed Shy-Drager syndrome-like symptoms such as a slowly progressive gait disturbance, pyramidal and extra-pyramidal symptoms, an orthostatic hypotension and a sweating disturbance. The anti HTLV-I antibody titer was highly positive in both her serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and there was also a high level of oligoclonal immunoglobulin in her CSF. These symptoms improved slightly with steroid therapy. Therefore, it was suspected that this neurological condition was associated with HTLV-I, which means that HTLV-I can be associated not only with myelopathy but also with various other neurological symptoms. The second case is a 52-year-old woman who had a myelopathy with a slowly progressive course. She had suffered from a transient optic neuritis 5 years before admission that had improved completely with steroid therapy. She had highly positive anti HTLV-I antibody in both her serum and CSF, and also showed a high level of oligoclonal immunoglobulin in her CSF. With administration of steroids, the sensory disturbances and abnormal findings in the CSF improved slightly. Koprowski et al reported that in some MS patients they found positive anti HTLV-I antibody and furthermore proved the presence of CSF cells which hybridized with a HTLV-I probe. They suggested the presence of an unknown HTLV-related agent which may be a pathogenic factor in some subtypes of MS. The transient optic neuritis responding to steroid therapy and the following transverse myelopathy, as seen in case 2, are highly characteristic of MS. Thus, some clinical features of HAM may be very similar to MS.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Action of the protease from Streptomyces cellulosae on L-Leu-Gly.

The protease from Streptomyces cellulosae preferentially catalyzed the formation of (L-Leu-Gly)2 (P1) and (L-Leu-Gly)3 (P2) in highly concentrated solutions of L-Leu-Gly, although it weakly hydrolyzed the substrate at the same time. The formation of P1, P2, L-Leu, and Gly was studied at various pH values, temperatures, and substrate concentrations. The initial velocities (v1, v2, and vH) of formation of P1, P2, and L-Leu (or Gly) and the sum (v1T) of v1 and v2 were determined. The effects of pH and temperature on v1, v2, vH, and v1T were examined at a fixed substrate concentration. The optimum pH and optimum temperature for each of the processes forming P1, P2, L-Leu, and Gly were 8.0 and 65 degrees C, respectively. In the study on the effect of substrate concentration, the plots of the initial velocities versus substrate concentrations were sigmoidal at lower substrate concentrations. The dependence of v1T on the substrate concentration could be explained by a mechanism involving a single active center forming the peptide bonds and two substrate-binding sites located on the left sites (S1 and S2) and the right sites (S1' and S2') of the active center of this enzyme.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1984

Clinical significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The clinical significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was studied in 114 patients with liver cirrhosis, who were followed for more than one year. Out of 114 patients, serum HBs antigen (HBsAg) was positive in 49 (43%). The mean follow-up period was 4.3 years (from 1 to 13 years). Serial determinations of AFP by RIA were performed once a month in all patients. The pattern of serial changes of AFP levels could be divided into three characteristic types: 1) fluctuation of AFP levels to greater than 20ng/ml was observed in 39 cases (Type I); 2) a transient rise of AFP levels to greater than 50ng/ml was observed in 20 cases (Type II); 3) in the remaining 55 cases, AFP levels were always less than 20ng/ml. During the follow-up period, liver cell carcinoma (LCC) developed in 29 cases (25%) and hepatic failure in 11 cases (10%). The incidence of LCC was significantly higher in Type I (18/39, 46%) than in Type II (3/20, 15%) and Type III (8/55, 15%). It is concluded that cirrhotic patients with fluctuation of AFP levels should be included in the high-risk group for LCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Significance of HB virus infection in an area of Japan with high incidence of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis of consecutive studies among inhabitants of Tomié-Town, Goto Islands.

In an attempt to clarify the relationship of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, we have carried out investigations at an area where both these diseases develop frequently. 1) We studied the incidence of HBsAg and its antibody in 3521 inhabitants of Tomié-Town in the Goto Islands; 5.5% proved to be positive for HBsAg and 22.0% positive for anti-HBs. 2) In the HBsAg-positive group, the incidence of hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function were significantly higher than those in other groups. 3) In relation to HBsAg, anti-HBs and histological abnormalities of the liver, positive HBsAg was detected in one subject with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis, six of nine with liver cirrhosis, and four of 11 with chronic hepatitis. A positive antibody was found in one subject with liver cirrhosis and four with chronic hepatitis. Thus, HB virus infections was closely associated with latent liver disease in Tomié-Town.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tumor/serum ratios of alphafetoprotein and radioimmunolocalization of primary liver cancer.

Twenty six patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) were injected with 131I-labeled antibodies to alphafetoprotein (AFP). Each patient was tested by external photoscanning, 24 and 48 hours after injection. Positive imaging in the tumors was obtained in only 50 percent of patients. Serum AFP levels did not correlate with the radioimmunolocalization results. In 15 patients with PLC, concentrations of AFP in the tumors and sera were determined simultaneously. Although tumor AFP concentrations correlated significantly with serum AFP levels, tumor/serum AFP ratios differed greatly among tumors, indicating that there exists a dissociation between the production and the secretion of AFP. In 8 patients in whom the measurement of serum and tumor AFP concentrations and radioimmunolocalization were performed, tumor/serum AFP ratios correlated significantly with the results of radioimmunolocalization. This suggests that a high tumor/serum AFP ratio is important for the detection of PLC by radioimmunolocalization with antibodies to AFP.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1984

[A case of spongiform encephalopathy with ataxia and amyloid plaques].

CASE: A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of gait disturbance. His daughter died of the same disorder at age 29. In 1974, at age 59, the patient noticed mild recent memory disturbance and clumsiness in handwriting. In 1976, his gait was markedly unstable, but he could walk without assistance, and his speech became dysarthric. In spring, 1977, he was unable to walk without assistance. From Jan. 9, 1978, through Feb. 14, 1978, he was hospitalized in our hospital. Neurological examination revealed an ataxic gait and scanning speech. Deep tendon reflexes of the upper extremities and ankle jerks were normal, but knee jerks were absent. Pathological reflexes were not elicited. Both superficial and deep sensations were normal. He was alert and showed no overt dementia. Laboratory data including CSF, EEG and brain CT were normal except positive TPHA in serum. Thereafter, he was followed up with the diagnosis of spinocerebellar degeneration. In 1979, he developed a limb ataxia. In spring, 1980, he became very irritable and was easily excited. He gradually developed dementia and urinary incontinence. In 1981, his illness progressed to an akinetic mutism and died of pneumonia on July 19, 1981. Myoclonus and periodic synchronous discharges in EEG were not observed until his death. The brain was 1,075 g in weight after formalin fixation and the cerebrum was generally soft. The gyri showed no evidence of abnormalities or atrophy, while the cerebellum and brain stem, especially the pons, were atrophic. The arterial and venous systems showed no remarkable changes. The spinal cord was externally unremarkable. The ventricles were dilated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Akinetic Mutism↗
PubMed1983

Radioimmunodetection of cancer using antibodies to alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen.

This study reports the use of radiolabeled antibody to AFP and CEA for the detection and localization of AFP- or CEA-producing tumors. Thirty-one patients received 131I-labeled anti-AFP or anti-CEA antibodies. Photoscans were taken at 24 and 48 hours after injection of radioantibodies. In three of six patients with CEA-producing tumors, radioimmunodetection with anti-CEA antibody showed positive scans. In AFP-producing tumors, 7 of 15 patients had positive findings on immunoscintigraphy using polyclonal anti-AFP antibody, and two of nine patients had positive findings when monoclonal antibodies were used. Analysis of radioantibody in the blood after injection showed both complex and free antibody with immunoreactivity in the circulation, and smaller complexes were seen to form after administration of monoclonal antibodies.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of Clostridium pseudotetanicum from a patient with gas gangrene.

Clostridium pseudotetanicum was isolated along with Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis from a patient suffering from gas gangrene who had been injured in the right leg by a power cultivator. Experimental infection of the hind leg of mice with C. pseudotetanicum and the three kinds of aerobic bacteria did not produce any different macroscopic finding in the infection site, compared with aerobic bacterial injection, except for some enlargement of the involved tissue and some slightly altered histolytic findings. Ampicillin, rifampin, and tinidazole were the most active antimicrobial agents against C. pseudotetanicum.

Clostridium↗
PubMed1983

Presence of immunoglobulin G in human sera binding to alphafetoprotein.

Sera from patients with collagen diseases, chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma were analysed for alphafetoprotein (AFP)-binding protein. The method used was a 125I-labeled AFP-binding assay with goat anti-human immunoglobulin G (IgG) as the precipitating antibody. AFP-binding IgG was found in the sera from one of 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and one of nine patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This protein may interfere with the conventional radioimmunoassay of human AFP, and may be of interest because of its usefulness as a carrier of radioactivity or therapeutic agents to AFP-producing tumors.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

Localizing properties of antibody to alphafetoprotein (AFP) to AFP-producing tumor cells.

Studies have been undertaken to clarify the localizing properties of radioactively labeled antibody to AFP using ascitic hepatoma cells which produce AFP. In the in vitro studies, radioantibodies to AFP were incorporated into the AFP-producing cells, even though excess antigen existed in the medium and the antibodies remained on the cell surface for a long time. In the in vivo studies, the radioantibodies to AFP bound to the AFP-producing cells, especially those producing high levels of AFP (AH66). Tumor localization by scintigraphy was clearer with the AH66 hepatoma than with the AH41C hepatoma, which produces less AFP. The presence of large amounts of AFP in the circulation did not prevent the tumor radioimmunodetection. It is suggested that radioantibodies to AFP bind to the AFP-producing cells despite the presence of large amounts of AFP in the circulation or in ascitic fluid.

Animals↗