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Biomedical subjects

T N Nikolaeva

Publications and source records attributed to T N Nikolaeva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[The effects of the microbial components of the probiotic Acilact on the cell-mediated immunity factors under experimental conditions].

The authors analyzed the effects of the microbial components of the probiotic Acilact on the cell-mediated factors of the immune homeostasis. According to the results, L. acidophilis stimulates the functional activity of immunocompetent cells, especially T-cell mediated immunity with strain- and dose-depending differences in intensity. The study demonstrated the ability of L. acidophilis to activate expression of the genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNgamma, IL-6, 12, and TNFalpha), to induce production of IFNalpha and IFNgamma, and increase interferon production, with additional stimulation of lymphoid organ cells with specific inductors in vitro. The study established that L. acidophilis stimulates production of macrophage migration inhibition factor by immunocompetent cells of Peyer's plaques and the splen, and induces its quantitative increase in the serum of CBA mice. The study detected immunocorrecting effect of L. acidophilis by the example of experimental shigellous infection, demonstrated intensification of the prolipherative activity of immunocompetent T-cells, induction of the expression of the genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNgamma, IL-1beta, 6, 12, and TNFalpha), but not IL4 and 10, increase of synthesis of IFNalpha and IFNgamma by the cells of Peyer's plaques, the splen and thymus. The obtained results prove the immunological effect of the probiotic preparation Acilact, based on the strains L. acidophilis NK1 and L. acidophilis K3(111)24.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Immunostimulating and anti-carcinogenic activity of the normal intestinal lactoflora].

One of major functions of lactic acid bacteria is their participation in the formation of local and systemic immune resistance of the host. The lactic acid bacteria associated with the mucous coat of the gastro-intestinal tract are cooperating with epitheliocytes, M-cells of Peyer's patches and various cells of the immune system. As a result of processing and presentation of specific cell components, lactic acid bacteria use mechanisms of modulation of cell-dependent immune response, activate RES and stimulate cytokine production. The article gives data on the role of lactic acid bacteria in the formation of T-and B-cell immune response, production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines ensuring the balance between humoral and cell-dependent immunity. The mechanisms of antitumor and oncostatic activity of lactic acid bacteria are analyzed. The polyfunctional influence of lactic acid bacteria on the immune reactions of the macroorganism includes the enhancement of the activity of monocyto-macrophages, natural killers and cytotoxic lymphocytes, modulation of reactions of the T- and B-cell immune responses, i.e. the complex system of interaction being formed between the indigenous intestinal microflora and the macroorganism is the basis of the normal function of its immune system.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The risk factors for unfavorable outcomes in rheumatism].

A prospective study was made of environmental factors effects on unfavorable cardial and cerebral outcomes of rheumatic fever (RF) assessed functionally, biochemically and psychologically. Some of RF predisposing factors (female sex, frequent nasopharyngeal infections, poor housing and occupational conditions) negatively affect outcomes of primary RF and contribute to emergence of valvular disease. The initial attack of activity I or III degree, pronounced carditis, active rheumatic process at discharge, recurrences, absence of year-round prophylaxis allow prognostication of valvular heart disease. The majority of the factors promoting valvular and circulatory disorders also contribute to the onset of psychic abnormalities, astheno-organic syndrome, in particular.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Experimental substantiation of population heterogeneity in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus].

A comprehensive intraspecies typing of the cultures of MRSA collected during inspection of drug resistance in causative agents of intrahospital infections was performed. The following parameters were investigated: antibiotic resistance, toxin production, sensitivity to the phages of the International Set and the phages of an experimental collection providing the isolation of strains with definite specificity of the restriction-modification system. Different clones of methicillin resistant S. aureus were found to be circulating on the territory of the CIS.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1993

[Congenital heart defects with a left-to-right shunt: capillarotrophic failure of the microcirculatory system].

Microbiological and morphological methods were used to study abnormalities in the greater microcirculation in acyanotic heart disease. The bulbar conjunctiva (patients), greater omentum and cardiac serous membranes (autopsy material) were used as test objects. The most marked changes were revealed in the metabolic link of the microcirculatory system. They were characterized by progressive reduction in intrinsic capillaries and an increase in the modulus of microcirculation of microvessels (capillaries) of the great (exchange-shunting) type. The alternations in the structure of the microcirculatory system were accompanied by centralization of tissue blood flow and its decreased metabolic efficiency, which were clinically manifested by tissue capillary trophic tissue failure with the occurrence of a number of severe common symptoms of the disease and various organ lesions in children. Analyzing the results of the study enabled the author to be the first to reveal in the above cardiac pathology specific tissue blood circulatory disorders which are interpreted as a phenomenon of centralized microhemodynamics. The important results of the study is also the morphofunctional rationale for the concept "capillary trophic incompetence".

Capillaries↗
PubMed1993

[Morphologic classification of vascular changes in the microcirculation].

Morphological vascular alterations in microhemocirculation are classified into those connected with the age (evolutional and involutional), functional, pathologic, regenerative and compensatory. Age and functional transformations of vascular terminals are related to the physiological processes. Manifestations of reparative regeneration and compensatory restructuring of the microcirculatory bed vessels are characterized. It is noted that compensatory transformations of vascular terminals are frequently combined with regenerative changes which, on the whole, represent the morphology of adaptive responses of microvessels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of Shigella sonnei strains opposite in their virulence on different links in the immune system].

For the first time different action of S. sonnei strains, opposite in their virulence, on hematopoiesis and the functional activity of T- and B-lymphocytes has been shown. The hematopoiesis-disturbing action of virulent shigellae is manifested by their capacity, more pronounced than similar capacity of an avirulent (vaccine) strain, for stimulating the processes of endo- and exocolony formation, the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and their migration to the blood. The effect produced by shigellae on T-cell-mediated immune response is manifested by the suppression of macrophage migration and its subsequent activation, whose manifestations and duration depend on the virulence of S. sonnei strains under study. The modulating effect of S. sonnei on B-cell-mediated immune reactions is manifested by the inhibiting action of S. sonnei virulent strain and the stimulating action of S. sonnei vaccine strain on the formation of antibody-producing cells synthesizing S. sonnei lipopolysaccharide antibodies shortly after the injection of shigellae. The results of this study indicate that S. sonnei virulent and avirulent (vaccine) produce multifunctional and differing effects on cell-mediated immune reactions, these processes being dependent on the virulence of shigellae and their individual specific antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A comparative evaluation of the biochemical and psychopathological characteristics in subjects with signs of pedophilia].

RIA was employed to examine 54 test subjects who committed sexual crimes with regard to children of tender age. A syndrome of sexual perversions in the form of pedophilia was discovered in 42 persons. Different patients' groups manifested significant differences in the content of hypophyseal and sexual hormones in the blood serum. A significant lowering of testosterone was revealed in persons with heterosexual pedophilia and with pedophilia without any aggressive and sadistic disorders. They also demonstrated a high prolactin content.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of a ribosomal Shigella sonnei vaccine on cellular immune reactions].

The influence of S. sonnei ribosomal vaccine on hematopoiesis, T- and B-cell-mediated immune reactions has been studied in the course of the development of experimental vaccinal process. The vaccine stimulated hematopoiesis, that was characterized by a dose-dependent increase in colony-forming units in the spleen (CFUs), a rise in CFUs in the blood and bone marrow and an increase in the pool of proliferating stem cells in bone marrow, shortly after injection. A pronounced immunostimulating effect of the vaccine on the formation of antibody-producing cells (APC) to heterologous antigen (sheep red blood cells) in the spleen has been established, and the vaccine has also been found to stimulate, though to a lesser extent, APC synthetizing specific antibodies to S. sonnei LPS. The injection of S. sonnei ribosomal vaccine influences the functional activity of effector T-cells; in its turn this phenomenon produces phasic changes in the migration activity of spleen cells in the presence of specific LPS and surface polysaccharide antigen of S. sonnei in phase I.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The clinico-biochemical characteristics of persons with paraphilias and a chromosome anomaly (47, XYY)].

The authors describe the results of a comprehensive examination of 5 persons with chromosomal aberration (47, XYY) manifesting the signs of deviation from normal sexual behavior. The examined were shown to have common dysontogenesis that manifested itself by retardation of the biological basis of sexuality, psychosexual formation together with retardation of the mental processes on the whole. Whatever variants of deviations from normal sexual behavior the common feature was predominance in the libido structure of sadistic aims, that contributed to the revealing of aggressive sexual behavior. Material changes were discovered by radioimmunoassay in the function of the hypothalamohypophyseal and gonadal system in persons with the "YY syndrome". The levels of prolactin and luteinizing hormone along with the LH/FSH ratio appeared significantly elevated. Disorders were also identified in the hypothalamohypophyseal and thyroid system. It is assumed that the discovered changes influence the serotoninergic mechanisms by which aggressive and pathological sexual behavior is formed in such persons.

Gonadal Steroid Hormones↗
PubMed1991

[The pathomorphology of the intra- and extraorganic neural apparatus of the heart in congenital defects].

Different components of the heart sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation were studied in 22 autopsy cases of congenital heart defects. Central efferent neurons in the lateral horns of the upper thoracic segments of the spinal cord and in the dorsal nucleus of the medulla oblongata are damaged stronger than the neurons of the upper neck and stellate sympathetic nodes and the heart intramural ganglia this resulting in the selective destruction of the preganglionic nervous conducting elements. It is suggested that the disturbance of the connection between the heart nervous structures and the central nervous system exerts a negative influence on its function.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Microcirculation in children operated on for congenital heart defects with arteriovenous shunt].

The author summarizes the data pertaining to the transformation of the structure of the bulbar conjunctiva microcirculatory bed in patients operated on for congenital heart disease with blood shunt from the greater to the pulmonary circulation. It is concluded that the degree of the recovery of the structure and function of the systemic microcirculation ++ depends on the children's age at which they undergo surgical treatment. Evidence is given for the conclusion about the necessity of providing correcting surgery for such patients when they are still in their early age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The role of delayed hypersensitivity in the development of an experimental dysentery infection and vaccinal process].

The results of experiments, indicating the development of cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity (DH) skin reaction, its dependence on the virulence of Shigella flexneri 2a, the dose and the character of the antigen used for testing the reaction, are presented. One of the immunologically active components of S. flexneri virulent strain 2a No. 516 is a biologically active thermolabile factor detected in filtrate and supernatant fluid. These data suggest that the immunosuppressive action of the virulent strain is probably linked with the function of T-suppressors affecting the reaction at the period of its development (the induction phase). S. flexneri avirulent strain produced no such effect, developing DH being seemingly sufficient for activating T-cell-mediated immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Reaction of the hematopoietic system in mice to the administration of virulent and avirulent strains of Shigella flexneri 2A].

The influence of live bacteria and antigenic preparations of virulent and avirulent stains of Shigella flexneri 2a on the endogenous splenic colony formation in murine hematopoietic cells has been studied. The different stimulating activity of live microbial cells of virulent and avirulent strains Shigella flexneri 2a and their antigenic preparations on the endogenous colony formation has been shown. The effect observed depends on the preparation doses and time of their administration before irradiation of the animals. The stimulating influence on the development of hemopoiesis endogenous foci may be conditioned by the action of heat-labile products of the live microbial cells and closely correlates with the virulence of strains studied.

Animals↗