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T N Obukhova

Publications and source records attributed to T N Obukhova.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Cytogenetic disorders in chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia and their relations with clinicobiological features and prognosis of the disease].

AIM: To study a relationship between cytogenetic disorders, clinicobiological characteristics and prognosis in chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cytogenetic examination of blood, bone marrow and lymph node cells from 135 patients (90 males and 45 females aged 23-84 years) with chronic B-CLL was made. The patients were followed up from 1 month to 25 years. Before the cytogenetic examination specific therapy was not given. B-CLL was staged by K. Rai, forms--by A.L. Vorobyev and M.D. Brilliant. All the patients have undergone standard cytogenetic examination, FISH with multicolor probe to loci with possible frequent aberrations (del3q14, del11q23, del17p13, trisomia 12), determination of CD38 antigen expression on circulating tumor cells. Mutation status of the genes of immunoglobulins variable region (IgVH) was defined in 61 patients. RESULTS: Del13q14 was detected in 34 cases, del11q23--in 26, trisomia of chromosome 12--in 17 cases, del 17p13--in 8, absence of q-arm of chromosome 13--in 3 cases. 61 patients had no karyotype defects. Three prognostic groups of the patients were identified: favourable prognosis--patients without disorders of karyotype and one chromosomal aberration--del13q14; intermediate prognosis patients with dell1q23 and trisomia of chromosome 12; poor prognosis--patients with del17p13 and complex disorders of karyotype. CONCLUSION. Cytogenetic study help determine prognosis of B-CLL and detect patients in need of early therapy.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1↗
PubMed2006

[The modified program NHL-BFM-90 in the treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma].

AIM: To investigate efficacy of the modified protocol NHL-BFM-90 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma (DLBCLS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 13 DLBCLS patients with stage II-IV of the disease with affection of lymph nodes at the disease onset (nodal lesion) and stage II with tumor size more than 10 cm (bulky disease) received first-line treatment according to the modified program NHL-BFM-90 from 2002 to 2005. The diagnosis was made by WHO criteria. RESULTS: A complete remission was achieved in 76.9% patients. Resistance to therapy was observed in the patients with bone marrow affection. The 2.5-year overall survival was 74%, 2-year event-free survival was 75% (the events were recurrence and resistance). Follow-up continued from 5 to 47 months. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of the modified protocol NHL-BFM-90 in DLBCLS patients with stage III-IV of the "nodal" disease and stage II of the "bulky" disease was high.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Treatment of adult Berkitt-like lymphoma].

AIM: To compare programs of chemotherapy used in adult Berkitt-like lymphoma (ABLL); to assess efficacy and toxicity of the protocol AblL-M-04. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 31 ABLL patients (23 males, 8 females, mean age 27 years) participated in the study performed in Hematological Research Center in 1995-2004. ABLL stage I, II, III and IV was diagnosed in 3, 5, 8 and 15 patients, respectively. 10 patients had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 9 patients received 2 to 6 courses of CHOP, 1 patient--6 courses of Pro-Mace-Cytabom, 11 patients with newly diagnosed ABLL and 5 pretreated with CHOP--NHL-BFM-90. The modified protocol ABLL-M-04 of intensive short-term therapy included 10 patients, 2 of them pretreated. RESULTS: Of 10 patients given CHOP or CHOP-like courses 9 were resistant to therapy, 2 died of rapid progression, 7 were converted to the program therapy. 5 patients on the protocol NHL-BFM-90 died after short-term improvement. None of them achieved remission. Of 10 patients with newly diagnosed ABLL treated according to NHL-BFM-90 protocol, remission was achieved in 4 patients, follow-up median--34 months (2-56). Six patients died: 4 of progression, 2 of chemotherapy complications. BLL-M-04 therapy was made in 9 patients: 7 patients persisted on the first remission, 2 patients died of chemotherapy complications. Overall duration of the treatment was 3-3.5 months. CONCLUSION: The protocol ABLL-M-04 seems to be more effective than a classic NHL-BFM-90, but this must be supported by more cases. CHOP therapy cannot be recommended for patients with ABLL because of poor efficacy (all the CHOP patients died).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Cytogenetics of mantle cell lymphoma].

AIM: To determine the type and rate of secondary chromosomal aberrations and role in pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Standard cytogenetic examination (SCE) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with tests for 11q22/ATM, 13q14, 17p13/p53, 9p21/p16 and chromosome 12 centromere were made in 28 patients. RESULTS: Secondary chromosomal aberrations were detected in 22 patients. Chromosomal abnormalities occurring in more than 2 cases include deletions 6q15-q23 (53% cases); 11q22/ATM (50%); 9p21 (36%, in half the cases deletion 9p21 was biallele); 13q14 (32%); trisomy 3/3q, monosomy 20 and deletions/translocations 1q and 1p (27% and 20%) and deletion 17p13/p53 (18%). Trisomies 12/12q, 6 and 18/18q, monosomies 2 and 16, deletions/translocations 2p and 16p were found in 2 cases each. The FISH technique identified 9 chromosomal anomalies missed at SCE. Deletions 6q15-q23 were seen in patients with privalent lesions of lymph nodes. Deletions 11q, 13q14, 9p21 and 17p13 occur more frequently in transformation and the blastoid variant. Monosomy 20 was found only in patients with large cell transformations. This was the only cytogenetic defect characteristic for transformed cases, in contrast to denovoblastoid ones. Thus, deletions 6q, 11q23, 13q14 and 9p21 are typical for MCL. Deletions 9p21 and 17p13 are more characteristic for large cell variants of the tumor. Deletion 17p13 occurs at the terminal stage of the disease in rapidly growing tumor mass and resistance to chemotherapy. FISH technique is effective in detection of submicroscopic rearrangements especially small deletions. No significant differences were found between transformed and de novo blastoid cases. This shows that the blastoid variant is not a specific biological form, it is rather a less typical manifestation of the disease due to some preclinical cytogenetic disorders. CONCLUSION: Progression and transformation of MCL are related to mutation of proapoptotic genes and genes proteins of which are inhibitors of active complexes of D1 cycline. Specification of these mechanisms requires further investigations in patients with different clinicomorphological forms of the disease at various stages of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Diagnosis and treatment of postoperative recurrences of varicosity].

The aim of the present work was to study the causes of post-operative recurrences of varicosity and to define approaches to their optimal correction. Duplex scanning (DS) with Color Doppler Imaging of the blood flow was used to examine 126 patients (136 extremities) with recurrences of varicosity. The patients were distributed according to the CEAP clinical classification. Altogether 76 patients (78) extremities with recurrences of varicosity were operated on. 27 persons received different variants of sclerotherapy including echoscleroobliteration. According to the DS data, the most frequently obtained finding in patients with recurrences of varicosity was identification of the perforating veins with valvular insufficiency, namely in 120 (or in 88.2%) extremities. The long stump of the greater saphenous vein (CSV) was discovered in 86 (63.2%) extremities, the long stump of the lesser saphenous vein (LSV) in 6 (4.4%), ectasia of LSV trunk was recognised in 20 (14.5%), incompetence of the valves of the sural veins in 12 (8.8%) extremities. Incompetence of the valves of the deep veins was present in 73 (53.6%) patients. No sources of pathological veno-venous runoff were identified in 12 (8.1%) cases. A good agreement was established between the incidence of valvular incompetence of the deep veins and the disease severity. The indications for surgical correction of valvular insufficiency were worked out. It has been demonstrated that sclero-obliteration is the method of choice in the treatment of the recurrences of varices. The long-term results of operations for recurrences of varicosity were followed up in 62 patients over the period of one to 15 years. Good and satisfactory results were obtained in 60 (96.8%) cases. The authors believe that the majority of varicosity recurrences arise from an inadequate assessment of the status of lower extremity venous bed as well as from technical and methodological faults of the operating surgeon. DS in an indispensable component of preoperative examination of patients with varicosity recurrences.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Factors of an unfavorable prognosis in patients with B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia: a retrospective analysis of 206 cases].

AIM: To assess factors of an unfavourable prognosis in a group of intermediate risk of B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia (BCCLL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 206 BCCLL patients (mean age 55.5 years, male/female = 1.66) entered the study conducted by Hematological Research Center in 1992-2000. RESULTS: Nine patients under 35 years of age did not survive 5 years except one female who achieved a complete remission on fludarabin. The type of bone marrow infiltration (diffuse vs interstitial and nodular), the time of lymphocyte count doubling (under or over 12 months) discriminate the patients by prognosis in the group of intermediate risk: medians of overall survival 65 months vs 148 months and 72 vs 133 months, respectively (p < 0.005 for both curves, log-rank criterion). Survival medians in groups with low (< 50% cells) and high (> 50% cells) expression of CD38+ cells in the group of intermediate BCCLL risk comprise 55 and 106 months (p = 0.005). The type of bone marrow infiltration and time of doubling of lymphocyte count overlap: > 70% patients with a diffuse type of bone marrow infiltration have the time of doubling under 12 months and vice versa while expression of CD38 do not overlap with these values. Combination of two signs (type of bone marrow infiltration and CD38 expression or time og lymphocyte count doubling and CD38 expression) allows more precise identification of prognostically unfavourable groups. Medians of survival for combination of the first two signs (two positive against two negative) comprise 51 months vs 169 months (p < 0.0001), for combination of the latter two signs 55 months vs 106 months was not reached (p < 0.001). Although most patients with a tumor form of BCCLL are referred to stage II, the prognosis in this form is much worse than in stage II, survival medians are 44 and 69 months, respectively (p < 0.05). A mutation status of the genes of a variable region of immunoglobulins enable identification of the group of patients with a relatively benign course of BCCLL (survival medians 61 and 289 months, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In patients under 35 years of age BCCLL runs unfavourably and seems to require intensive polychemotherapy. Usage of a combination of the signs (CD38, time of doubling of lymphocyte count and type of bone marrow infiltration) is a simple and reliable method of identification of prognostically different categories of patients in the group of an intermediate BCCLL risk. Prognosis in patients with a tumor form of BCCLL is unfavourable: medians of survival in patients with a tumor form and stage III-IV are comparable. Mutational status of the genes of immunoglobulin variable region may serve a marker of a long-term prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Stable and unstable aberrations in lymphocytes of Chernobyl accident clearance workers carrying rogue cells.

Cells with multiple chromosomal aberrations, the so-called rogue cells, were found in blood samples from more than 100 Chernobyl accident clearance workers. A comparative analysis of frequencies of stable and unstable chromosomal aberrations in two worker groups--those with or without rogue cells was made. A higher level of unstable aberrations in persons carrying rogue cells was observed. No difference in the level of stable aberrations between the groups was seen. The possibility of low dose alpha irradiation causing the chromosomal damage is raised.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Cytogenetic features of leukaemias diagnosed in residents of areas contaminated after the Chernobyl nuclear accident.

A comparison of chromosomal abnormalities in bone marrow leukaemic cells and of stable and unstable aberrations in lymphocytes of patients with hematological malignancies who live in areas with or without contamination by the Chernobyl nuclear accident has been made using FISH and G-banding. Healthy residents of these areas comprised the control group. No systematic cytogenetic differences of leukaemic cells between patients from contaminated and uncontaminated areas were observed. Lymphocyte aberrations, however, were generally higher in all subjects from contaminated areas. Comparison has been made with specific cytogenetic features of leukaemic cells and a high level of stable aberrations in lymphocytes of patients with secondary leukaemias that had developed after chemo- and/or radio-therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Induced leukemias and their connection with radiation exposure].

The cytogenetic study of bone marrow cells was performed in 40 patients with secondary leukemias which have arisen after application of cytostatic and/or radiotherapy for primary tumours (Hodgkin's disease, lymphomas, acute lymphoblastic leukemias, breast cancer and other solid tumours). The comparative analysis of results has shown, that the leukemias after irradiating or application of alkylating agents and irradiation, have the quite particular clinico-morphological and cytogenetic characteristics. In 70% of cases these diseases develops as smouldering leukemias with subsequent transformation in M-4, M-6, and rarely M-2 cytochemical variants. Primary cytogenetic events in 60% of researched karyotypes are the losses of long arms or whole chromosomes 5 and 7. In 20% of the researched cases normal karyotype was found, in the left 20%, the changes of a karyotype not including anomalies 5 and 7 chromosomes were detected. The obtained outcomes allow to consider the discharged complex of tags as reference for leukemias, induced by irradiating or chemical agents with similar mechanism of action (alkylating agents, benzene and its derivates). This complex of tags is typical for induced leukemias, and in a combination with definition of a level of stable aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes, can be utilised for abjection of radiation-induced leukemias from common mass of cases detected in regions, polluted by radionuclides. In this study in 60% of cases only specific for secondary leukemias chromosomal aberrations, including monosomy 5 and 7, rearrangements of 11q23 were found. On the base of the obtained data the differences in concepts of "secondary" and "induced" leukemias are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Registration of stable aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes using G-differential chromosome staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization methods].

G-banding analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for whole chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 were applied in comparative assay for frequency of stable chromosome aberrations in 37 individuals with previous exposure to radiation (15 clean-up workers/liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident and 22 residents of radiocontaminated areas) and in 18 individuals of a reference group. In G-banding analysis of stable aberrations, we used classification of Ohtaki K. et al., 1992, in compliance with ISCN, 1985. FISH-assay for translocations is performed in accordance with classification of Tucker J.D. et al., 1995. Comparison of the results reveals statistical trustworthy correlation between the two assays. The results point out that FISH for translocations in as few as three chromosomes, when combined with screening of numerous metaphases, provides sensitivity comparable with that provided by G-banding which covers the whole genome.

Adult↗